Xinshen Flax: Mutagenic Breeding Of Flax

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The mutation breeding of flax as a new breeding method began in the 60s of last century.

Although it started late, because of its simple method and short breeding period, the research achievements and progress achieved are quite significant.

Mutation breeding is divided into two types: physical mutation and chemical mutation.

Physical mutagenesis is the use of X rays, gamma rays and thermal neutrons to irradiate flax seeds, plants, pollen, callus, etc., to induce gene mutation and expand the range of variation so as to breed new varieties.

Such as early maturing, anti inversion, salt tolerance, black Asia 4, black Asia 6, and drought resistant and anti - inverted Black 7 are all selected by gamma ray irradiation of flax seeds.

The suitable dose of cobalt 60 gamma ray irradiation seeds is 2-5 000 Ladd. In this range, flax has a large variation (variation rate of about 50%), and it can maintain a certain number of surviving mutant plants under the premise of mutation, and has larger selection population and higher selection effect.

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Generally combined with haploid and polyploid breeding, there are many kinds of chemical mutagens, and colchicine is the most commonly used.

After anther culture, haploid plants were obtained and doubled with colchicine to make them normal.

Colchicine treatment of seeds, embryos and other tissues produces polyploid or polyembryogenic mutations, which is of great significance for creating new germplasm resources of flax.