Experts: The Economic Department Will Not Lose Its Advantage In The Short Term Of Growth.

As the world's second largest economy, the trend of China's economic situation will cause widespread concern.

Sun Xuegong, deputy director of the Economic Research Institute of the national development and Reform Commission, believes that China's economy is indeed at a stage of growth decline from the perspective of potential, but it still has the conditions for rapid growth.

An important factor is that the advantages of the supply chain and industrial clusters created by China's past development will not be lost for a short time.

"Although some industries need to go out because of the issue of labor costs, most industries, especially those with matching and technical level, will not be pferred for a short time."

Sun Xuegong said.

However, in this process, China's industrial clusters can not only be satisfied with survival in the low and medium manufacturing links, but indulge in the low end part of the product value chain. Instead, they must develop towards a more specialized, market-oriented and internationalized direction, and must turn to focus on endogenous innovation, thus promoting the pformation of development.

Cluster is not a simple way to get together.

Under the dual factors of global economic weakness and domestic macro policy changes, China's economic policy is facing a new situation. The traditional strong driving mode that relies on exports and investment can not continue, and structural pformation is urgently needed.

In the speech at the just concluded 2104 industry annual meeting of China, Yao Yang, Dean of the National Development Research Institute of Peking University, analyzed the two international markets from China and abroad. Behind the downward trend of China's economy is the adjustment of the world economic structure, and also the adjustment of China's economic structure.

He said: "the developed countries may enter a period of relatively low growth. China is an export-oriented economy. The deceleration of the world economy will have an impact on China, so the pformation of China's economic structure will accelerate greatly."

China's industrial market has begun to change. In an interview with the news weekly, Hu Zhenyu, vice president of China's happiness foundation Limited by Share Ltd, said that with the pformation of the industrial economy, the whole industry in China began to focus on endogenous innovation.

His company set up incubators in the Silicon Valley of the United States, and plans to set up a comprehensive incubator system on a global scale to find the driving force of innovation through a large number of incubators.

Hu Zhenyu said: "we hope to cultivate it when it is still a seed. After discovering new technologies, we can accelerate this technology through ourselves and join other capital to achieve the possibility of integrating into the Chinese market, and finally achieve docking in the region."

Michael Porter, an economist and a professor at Harvard University, agrees. He said that in addition to relying on natural endowments, the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure also requires sustained innovation in the industry.

He further added that, in any region or country, including China, the real take-off of the economy depends on the promotion of competitiveness. Cluster development is an effective way.

The so-called cluster is not a simple enterprise to get together, but a specific area of related enterprises, specialized supply enterprises, service providers, research institutions and other concentrated in the same area of competition and cooperation.

As a proponent of the concept of cluster, Michael Porter believes that in modern economy, innovation and development are greatly benefited from the cluster development mode of industry.

Michael Porter said: "cluster is a very important part of economic strategy.

It gives you a leverage, you attract a business, this enterprise helps you attract another enterprise, and so on, three or four enterprises gather together more efficiently than only one enterprise. "

He said that if there is a strong industrial cluster, it can promote the continuous emergence and development of new enterprises and new technologies, raise people's wage level, accelerate the promotion of job opportunities and achieve a happier life.

Before the economist made a deep investigation of the 10 developed countries in the world, an important conclusion was drawn: cluster is the core driving force of urban prosperity.

There are many such cases in the world. For example, Modena, a small town in Italy, brings together Ferrari, micro-blog, Maserati, Lamborghini and other world luxury cars to become "the capital of famous cars". Losangeles has gathered the leading film and television production companies in the United States, and established the shadow Empire of the Big Mac.

Back home, since the reform and opening up, similar stories have been staged. Jinjiang shoe making industry, Shandong Shouguang vegetable, Hebei Qinghe cashmere and Beijing Zhongguancun information industry have formed their own brands.

After that, the concept of "business incubation" is becoming more and more popular. The powerful capital is based on the Industrial Park as a platform and relies on nurturing innovative enterprises, realizing the whole industry chain development mode of scientific research, production, service and sales, and gradually establishing an industrial development network, so as to make cluster development more planned.

For example, as the leading industrial new town operator in China, over the past decade, Huaxia happiness started a successful industrial cluster experiment in Guan, 50 kilometers south of Beijing.

It takes the concept of "an industrial park as an industrial cluster", with capital intervention as the means, and big data strategy as the guarantee, and introduces leading enterprises to land, and synchronously builds industrial promotion platforms such as financial platform, human platform, innovation and entrepreneurship platform, enterprise service platform, and so on, to create industrial clusters.

Over the past ten years, Guan has developed from an agricultural county to an industrial city with five major industrial clusters, including aerospace, biomedicine, electronic information, automotive parts and high-end equipment manufacturing.

Cluster upgrading faces short board of independent innovation

However, the gorgeous turn of Guan style is only a case.

Looking at the whole country, a certain scale of industrial clusters are mainly distributed in coastal areas such as Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shandong, and the development of industrial clusters in most areas is insufficient.

Moreover, the vast majority of industrial clusters are sprang up in rural areas and small towns, and are distributed in the surrounding areas of cities, rather than urban centers with denser population and industries.

Wu Lixue, a professor of industrial development and professor of the Institute of industrial and economic studies of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, explains why China's developed large and medium-sized cities do not have no potential to develop industrial clusters, but tend to gather large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises. But these enterprises are generally "big and all" and "small and all" omnipotent enterprises, and all kinds of economic activities and production chains are "internalized", which limits the clustering of industries. This is more prominent in the central and western regions.

The bigger worry is that after decades of rapid development, China's industrial cluster still concentrates mainly on traditional industries, mainly relying on cheap labor force to obtain competitive advantage. The development of high-tech industrial clusters and capital and technology combined industrial clusters is still lagging behind.

Wu Li further analyzed that most clusters were concentrated in light industry.

, silk textile, clothing,

Plastics, automobile and motorcycle accessories, hardware products and so on are industrial clusters.

This fact shows that the competitive advantage of China's industrial clusters is still confined to the low and medium manufacturing sectors, and is still at the low end of the product value chain, which reflects the insufficiency of independent innovation capability in China.

This is precisely the problem of Yao Yang's concern. In his speech, he cited the industrial development of Taiwan and South Korea as an example. Because of the lack of strategic industrial layout, with the increase of costs, many industries in Taiwan were pferred to the mainland, completely based on the mainland, manufacturing and assembling products, resulting in the hollowing out of Taiwan's industry.

In the course of industrial development, South Korea has vigorously developed strategic industries, such as automobiles, electronics and other high-end industries, supported domestic R & D to support overseas manufacturing and sales markets, and exported profits to overseas through overseas markets, pushing domestic R & D technology to make continuous progress and successfully realizing the pformation of development.

He said: "the mainland will one day experience the same economic pformation as Taiwan and Korea. If we fail to do well, there will also be a hollowing out of the industry. If we focus on some strategic industries today, we will be able to achieve international competitiveness."

A number of experts interviewed said that from the perspective of development trend, China's industrial clusters should develop towards a more specialized, market-oriented and internationalized direction and gradually mature.

Among them, we need to grasp the two major opportunities.

First, in the context of deepening reform, we should make greater use of and bring into play the advantages of market forces in the development of industrial clusters. In particular, the government needs to pform the understanding of the industrial development mode and maximize the potential of all sectors.

As Michael Porter said, ten years ago, attracting investment through infrastructure construction may be effective, but it may not work now.

"Because innovation is a systematic project, it is a combination of resources, finance, education and other factors."

He said.

This requires effective integration of these resources through market forces to realize the service of the whole industrial chain.

In this regard, he feels deeply. He takes the example of Huaxia's incubating innovation as saying: "what we are concerned now is not only hatching innovation, but also the landing of projects and the formation of productive forces."

He said that many capital after the business incubator, no longer concerned about the follow-up market docking.

"We hope that from the hatching of technology to the landing market, the whole cycle of" go through "can be solved through market behavior.

He said.

Hu Zhenyu believes that such a "go through" one is concerned about the domestic endogenous innovation technology, on the other hand, from the international incubation and the introduction of some technology that can be oriented to the Asian market and developing countries, and quickly form capacity, the future real capacity is generated from this, rather than the original so-called investment promotion.

Second, Internet thinking has brought huge business mode of thinking to the development of industrial clusters, especially traditional industries. At the same time, it has brought new opportunities and platforms.

Yao Yang said: "the Internet has made great changes in the mode of industrial development, and is promoting the integration and innovation of the industry."

Hu Zhenyu also believes that this is an opportunity for the future development of enterprise clusters, that is, the combination of Internet Co and traditional industries.

For example, the new rising

The giant has grasped a large number of online entries, and the tentacles have been extended downward. Alibaba and Jingdong have speeded up the construction of logistics. Traditional companies, including real estate, retail industry, etc., have actively contacted the online giants. The cooperation between Wanda and Baidu and Tencent is a typical case.

Hu Zhenyu said: "in view of our long-term exposure to enterprises, the road of Internet convergence of traditional industrial enterprises has been quietly carried out.

Internet has been