The Bosses Read Tears. Chinese And American Production Costs Are Serious

Last year, "Jiangnan Chemical fiber" invested in a factory in South Carolina, became the first Chinese enterprise to build a reclaimed polyester staple fiber manufacturing plant in the US. It plans to invest 25 million US dollars for the first time and invest 20 million US dollars in the two phase. "Jiangnan Chemical fiber" reflects that the main reason for investing in factories in the United States is that domestic comprehensive costs continue to rise year by year, which is rather laborious. "Jiangnan Chemical fiber" calculates and compares the Sino US cost of founding the same scale enterprise, and provides a comparative table of some cost components.

Land cost: China is 9 times that of the United States.

Domestic land price is 9 times the US land price, and the United States is a permanent property right. We are 50 years of property rights. For example, in 2000, the price of industrial land in Cixi, Zhejiang province was 180 thousand yuan / mu. At present, the land price in the United States is only 20 thousand yuan / acre, equivalent to 20 thousand yuan per mu, if it is calculated by 1 million yuan per mu of industrial land in many counties, it is 50 times that of the United States.

　　 logistics Cost: China is 2 times the US.

Domestic logistics cost is 2 times the logistics cost of the United States. Taking oil prices as an example, China's oil price is 2 times higher than that of the United States, with high oil prices and high logistics costs. Besides, China still has the rare toll and Bridge toll in the world. Can the logistics cost be low?

The cost of logistics in the United States is mainly composed of three parts, one is the inventory cost, the two is the transportation cost, and the three is the management cost. Comparing the changes in the past 20 years, we can see that the proportion of transportation cost in GDP remains largely unchanged, and the main reason for the decrease of total logistics cost in the US is the reduction of inventory cost.

Bank borrowing costs: China is 2.4 times the United States, the cheapest domestic borrowing cost has an annual interest rate of 6%, which is 2.4 times the US annual cost interest rate of 2.5%. According to the 7000 yuan per ton or US $1100 fund, 4 monthly turnover, the domestic borrowing cost 6% annual interest rate and the American cost annual interest rate 2.5%, we calculate the company's operating capital financial cost: domestic 7000 yuan *4*0.06/12=140 yuan, equivalent to 22.58 U. S. dollars. The US is US $1100 *4*0.025/12=9, and the domestic market is 1.5 times higher than the US.

{page_break}

This is a normal bank loan. If the fund comes from the bank financing product with an annual interest rate of over 10%, the private interest fund with an annual interest rate of 15%, or even a private loan shark with an annual interest rate of 20%, the enterprise will be overburdened.

Electricity / gas costs: China is 2 times more than the US.

Domestic energy costs are more than 2 times the cost of energy in the United States. Apart from the electricity price in Hawaii, especially in the United States, the price of electricity in other states is not expensive. Taking Dezhou as an example, the electricity price of the United States is only 2 cents.

Because of the direct pricing of electricity and natural gas in China, the price of oil for electricity consumption is still high. According to the domestic electricity consumption of 450 degrees per ton and electricity price 0.76 yuan / degree, the unit production cost is 342 yuan, equivalent to 55.16 US dollars. The degree of equipment automation in the United States is relatively high, and the unit electricity consumption has increased by 10%, from 1 to 500 degrees. According to the electricity price of 0.05 US dollars / degree, the unit production cost is 25 US dollars, and the domestic electricity consumption is 1.2 times higher than that of the United States.

Steam cost: China is 1.1 times the United States.

There are also steam parts, the domestic thermal power plant steam, per ton of steam consumption of 1.6 tons, the unit price of 190 yuan / ton, the unit production cost of 304 yuan, equivalent to 49.0. U.S. dollars, the United States made natural gas boiler steam, according to the natural gas price of 0.48 dollars /therm, unit price 14.52 U.S. dollars / ton, the unit production cost 23.23 US dollars, the domestic is 1.1 times higher than the United States.

Parts cost: China is 3.2 times the United States.

The cost of domestic parts is 3.2 times the cost of American parts. Domestic equipment performance is slightly worse, workers' bad habit of operation, the cost per unit of spare parts is about 100 yuan, equivalent to 16.13 US dollars, while the American production line has better performance, the workers have good habits, the cost per unit of spare parts is 5 dollars, and the domestic market is 3.2 times higher than that of the United States.

Tax cost: the US tax preference is strong in China, and various taxes continue to keep the enterprise out of breath. A logistics company in Guangzhou transported a shipment of goods to Hainan with a total revenue of 19 thousand yuan, but the profit was only 216 yuan, of which 1260 yuan was required for taxes.

{page_break}

In the US, state governments value employment most often. enterprise Preferential tax policies, such as property tax concessions, are effective in 30 years. If the company reaches production, it will give a tax relief of 30 million dollars in 30 years.

Customs clearance costs: the United States does not have to pay import and export clearance costs.

Investing in factories in the US does not require the cost of import and export clearance. The raw materials of domestic enterprises are all imported, assuming that the cost of imported products does not include inland freight rates, customs duties, value-added tax, and the cost of all kinds of procedures is about 3500 yuan / cabinet. The price of each cabinet is 20 yuan, which is 175 yuan / ton, equivalent to 22.58 US dollars / ton.

The finished export of domestic enterprises assumes that the cost of export links does not include land transportation fees. The cost of all kinds of procedures is about 1600 yuan / cabinet. The price of each cabinet is 20 yuan per ton, which is 80 yuan / ton, equivalent to 12.9 US dollars / ton. If freight is added, the cost will increase substantially.

Labor cost: weakness of China's cost advantage

Although the cost of labor in the United States is 2.57 times the domestic labor cost, the United States has a high degree of automation and less employment. The domestic two month total output of 4500 tons of production line 250 people, the United States equipment improvement, with the production capacity of two production lines only 180 people.

According to the current rising wage trend of domestic workers, such as the doubling of domestic wages in 5 years and the quadrupling of 10 years' wages, China also has no advantage in labor costs.

Depreciation cost: the US is 1.7 times that of China.

The depreciation cost of the United States is 1.7 times the domestic depreciation cost. With production facilities and land and power plants, the domestic production line invested 90 million yuan, the US production line invested 25 million dollars, and the annual depreciation cost was calculated according to the annual output of 50000 tons in 15 years. The cost of domestic production was calculated at 90 million /15 years /50000 ton / year =120 yuan / ton, equivalent to 19.35 US dollars / ton. The United States is 25 million U.S. dollars /15 years /50000 tons / year =33 U.S. dollars / ton, 1.7 times higher than the domestic market.

Plant construction cost: the US is 4 times that of China.

The cost of factory building in the United States is 4 times that of the domestic market, but the price of second-hand factory buildings over ten years is 1/8-1/2 of the new plant, and its general performance is good.

From a few points of view, with the continuous rise of domestic environmental costs and labor costs, the cost of manufacturing in China has been equivalent to that in the United States. industry It will exceed the cost of manufacturing in the US. "Jiangnan Chemical fiber" is a case, but the domestic manufacturing costs continue to rise sharply is an indisputable fact. China's manufacturing industry has encountered the problem of "not strong enough to advance". It must be highly vigilant and try every means to reduce manufacturing costs and strive to enhance the competitiveness of "made in China".