Ancient Textile Of China'S Agricultural Achievements

Ancient Chinese textile has gone through a long and glorious history. The primitive Ge Ma, the plain cotton and the luxurious silk have come to the stage, showing a splendid and splendid picture. From legend, Ma Jun, the originator of sericulture and silk picking, to the textile machinery of improved textile, Huang Dao Po, a peasant woman who spreads cotton spinning technology, to the masterpiece of heaven and earth, "the heavenly works and opening things", the ancient Chinese textile history has been rewritten and made brilliant achievements. Unlike the rustic and unconventional traditional farm implements, different from the history of water conservancy projects benefiting the people, and also different from the flourishing animal husbandry history of the six animals, the textile history of ancient China is more colorful and gorgeous, more beautiful and warm.

The primitive ancestors hung from the original hand index to learn to use. Kudzu fiber The original knitted fabric was made of primitive knitted fabric and stone knives, which was the earliest prototype of textile. With the formation of primitive textile prototypes, textile tools came into being. At the Hemudu Site site in Yuyao, Zhejiang, a lot of stone, pottery, wood, bone raw textile tools and wooden loom parts are unearthed. Some bronze ware unearthed in Xia and Shang dynasties had obvious fabric marks, and a small number of costume fragments were unearthed. These traces and physical objects indicate that the main raw materials of this period are silk and hemp. Cannabis, ramie and kudzu are the main raw materials for plant fiber.

Exquisite silk In the late middle and late Neolithic age, the silk ribbon, ribbon and silk thread unearthed from Yangshao culture in Xingyang's Qingtai village, Wu Xingqian, are the most convincing evidence. Since then, silkworm has been reared indoors. The output and quality of silk, the quantity and variety of silk have increased, and silk has been established in the history of Chinese textile. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, silk reeling tools developed from manual reeling to hand-made silk reeling and pedal reeling cars. Ma Jun, a famous mechanical engineer in the Three Kingdoms period, once again made a major reform to jacquard looms after Chen Baoguang in the Western Han Dynasty. He changed the 50 Ni into 12 Tipper and became another major innovation in the history of textile science and technology in China, which improved the production capacity. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, although silkworm and silk were impacted by cotton, Hang Jia Hu area Sericulture production is still relatively developed. Archaeological discoveries proved that the two dynasties in the Ming and Qing Dynasties continued to innovate in the weaving process and patterns of silk weaving, dyeing and printing (k) embroidery. It can be seen from the archaeological and excavating textile garments displayed in the showcase that embroidery and dyeing technology at that time have reached a fairly high level.

The cotton introduced to China during the Han Dynasty was still confined to some remote areas in the southwest and South China until the Song Dynasty. During the song and Yuan Dynasties, cotton production was rapidly popularized in the mainland, and became the most basic clothing material for yuan and Ming Dynasties. With the promotion of cotton cultivation, China's cotton textile technology has been further developed. Cotton textile was first developed in Yunnan and Hainan Island, where the minority nationalities accumulated a set of cotton textile processing technology very early. In the early Yuan Dynasty, Huang Dao Po introduced the advanced cotton textile technology learned from the Li people in Hainan to the mainland, and improved the tools such as rolling, spinning, spinning, weaving and so on, which greatly improved the spinning efficiency. In addition, she used the technology of yarn, color matching and heald line to weave the famous Wu Jingjing quilt, and promoted the development of cotton textile technology and cotton textile industry in Songjiang, so that Songjiang became a national at that time. cotton textile industry The center. From this we can see that Huang Daopo's influence on the development of Chinese cotton spinning is very important and far-reaching.

In the long term textile production practice, people invented and created many cotton textile processing machinery. From the initial cotton processing process, the seed removal machine; the bow that looses the cotton after the seed is removed; the most primitive tool used for spinning and twisting -- spinning to the hand-made machine -- the spinning wheel (the first weft truck); the improved pedal spinning machine after improvement; the spinning machine that facilitates the cotton yarn post-processing; the weaving machine, the warp bed, the weaving machine, and so on. From the history of textile development, we can see the infinite wisdom and perseverance and diligence of the Chinese laboring people.