Analysis Of The Relationship Between Foreign Fiber And Cotton Yarn Quality

The control method of foreign fibers in cotton, cotton yarn and cotton cloth is based on the actual production needs of spinning mills to determine the types of cotton procurement and the origin of purchase. It is an important factor to ensure the quality control of cotton foreign fibers and the quality control of cotton fiber. It is stated that cotton procurement and transportation, storage and processing methods of cotton and cotton from different origins must be strictly controlled according to the standard of single fiber control. Similarly, the number of foreign fibers in cotton and cotton fabrics must be strictly controlled according to the standards. It shows that only using machine to pick cotton and picking cotton foreign fibers is the most effective way to reduce the number of foreign fibers in cotton and cotton fabrics. Abstract: After describing the harmfulness of foreign fibers in cotton, cotton yarns and fabrics, the sources of foreign fibers in cotton were analyzed and put forward.

　　對于棉花中的異性纖維這概念來說，一直以來有許多不同的說法和稱謂，一般比較通俗的叫法把棉花中的異性纖維稱三絲，也有的叫法把異性纖維稱棕毛，如果從棉花纖維的顏色、種類來稱謂,應(yīng)該將棉花中除本白色外其它顏色的棉纖維和不同于棉纖維種類的纖維、雜物統(tǒng)稱為異性纖維，這中間棉花的葉片、雜質(zhì)、棉桿等一類的雜物不稱為異性纖維類物質(zhì)，常見的棉花中的異性纖維主要是各類動物毛、人造纖維、麻纖維、塑料編織物等，它們將嚴(yán)重影響棉紗的質(zhì)量、針織物、機(jī)織物的布面質(zhì)量，尤其對于白布類織物對棉紗的異性纖維最敏感，棉紗中的異性纖維來源有多方面的因素，一方面異性纖維最主要是棉花的采摘、加工，單從棉花中的異性纖維來說有90%是棉花在采摘過程中造成的，主要是從事采摘棉花的人員沒有佩帶要求的衣帽和采用正確的籽棉儲存容器 ，或者在棉花攤曬、儲存的地方有雞、鴨、鵝、牛、驢、狗等動物出入，或者是棉花籽棉在運(yùn)輸?shù)倪^程中采用帶易脫毛的容器盛裝；另外方面棉紗中異性纖維產(chǎn)生就是棉花在加工成棉紗的過程中產(chǎn)生的，這一方面主要是由于人們在加工過程中沒有戴帽和使用一些有毛、有化學(xué)纖維、帶顏色的纖維作為清潔清掃工具，還有一方面就是在織造過程中本白棉紗在加工有顏色的棉紗的機(jī)器上進(jìn)行加工，這主要是由于織造廠加工有顏色的棉紗后這些機(jī)器沒有徹底清潔就進(jìn)行本白棉紗的生產(chǎn)而造成的，當(dāng)然棉紗中異性纖維的形成還有一些其他方面的原因，但是這些其他方面形成棉紗中的異性纖維的原因并不十分重要，從目前的織造超對棉紗質(zhì)量方面的投訴來看，棉紗中異性纖維對織物的影響的投訴是最多的，特別是在織造廠進(jìn)行本白布類的生產(chǎn)就對棉紗的異性纖維反應(yīng)就更明顯 On the other hand, the flower picking management and quality consciousness of the florist are the manual selection of foreign fibers for cotton, and the use of the electronic clearer with the shear fibers to reduce the foreign fibers in the cotton yarns. These methods can not eliminate the irregular fibers in the cotton yarns. Therefore, the control of the foreign fibers in the cotton yarns must adopt effective methods to control the foreign fibers of cotton yarns. Otherwise, the heterosexual fibers in the cotton yarns are difficult to control, and sometimes the control effect in the process of controlling the foreign fibers of cotton yarns is not a good idea. Therefore, it is very important to adopt the correct method to control the generation of foreign fibers in cotton yarns. Therefore, the method of removing foreign fibers in cotton yarns is to strengthen cotton picking and processing management and strengthen cotton picking.

It is necessary to have a detailed understanding of the origin of cotton, and more importantly, to have a detailed understanding of the quality of the cotton picked by the opponent, and to further understand the methods and measures to prevent the foreign fibers from being processed in the cotton yarn processing process. Of course, it is important to know the control standard of the number of foreign fibers in the cotton after picking and the control standard of the amount of foreign fibers in the fabric. It is useful to know the quantity of each foreign batch of cotton heterosexual fibers before picking the cotton, especially when picking the cotton. It also can effectively control the weight standard of cotton picking, the quality standard of the picking and the quality standard of the picking, and it has a positive effect on the control of the foreign fibers in the spinning process. To understand the harm of foreign fibers in cotton to the quality of cotton yarn and the quality of fabrics, we must have a comprehensive understanding of cotton picking, transportation and processing. 對棉紗中異性纖維的控制和減少除了對棉花的采摘、運(yùn)輸、加工、手揀棉花外，在棉紗加工過程中對于紡紗通道的清潔清掃工具必需采用本白色的棉織品制作也是十分重要的，紡紗設(shè)備中采用一些清除異性纖維的設(shè)備對棉花中帶來的異性纖維的清除是有積極作用的，清花過程中的采用異性纖維排除器對棉花中一定面積一定大小的異性纖維是有清除作用的，紡紗過程中的剪異性纖維的電子清紗器對棉紗中的異性纖維是用特別的控制作用的，除了一些特別小特別細(xì)的異性纖維和一些較淺顏色的異性纖維之外，具有剪異性纖維功能的電子清紗器是可以大量對其他的異性纖維進(jìn)行剪切的，但是由于異性纖維的大量被剪切這就很容易降低紡紗絡(luò)筒機(jī)的生產(chǎn)效率，對于棉紗中異性纖維較多的情況下異性纖維剪切的電子清紗器的參數(shù)設(shè)置必須根據(jù)棉紗質(zhì)量對異性纖維的要求的實(shí)際 Consider the situation.

1. The content of foreign fibers in different countries and regions is quite different.

　　全世界生產(chǎn)棉花的國家很多，中國生產(chǎn)棉花的地方也很多，這些棉花由于采摘方式、加工方式的不同，棉花中所含有的異性纖維數(shù)量也是不同的，而且不同國家、不同產(chǎn)地、不同軋花廠的棉花的包裝、運(yùn)輸形式也不相同，這也將嚴(yán)重影響棉花中的異性纖維數(shù)量和在紡紗之前對棉花異性纖維的清除，對于棉花中異性纖維的有無來說，所有棉花中都會因?yàn)椴烧⒓庸ぁ⑦\(yùn)輸、包裝的因素影響都會或多或少的有一些異性纖維的存在，只是有的棉花在加工后不需要人工手揀就可以進(jìn)行有效的紡紗而且棉紗中的異性纖維數(shù)量還相當(dāng)?shù)纳伲械拿藁徏喓竺藜喼械漠愋岳w維數(shù)量就相當(dāng)多，這就使不同國家、不同產(chǎn)地、不同軋花廠對棉花中異性纖維數(shù)量的多少對紡紗的危害理解不同的棉紗異性纖維數(shù)量的結(jié)果，對于異性纖維要求特少、較少的棉紗而言在紡紗之前必須要求棉花 The number of foreign fibers or the origin of cotton used in spinning is not realistic.

1. analysis of the number of foreign fibers in the United States, Australia and Uzbekistan

　　美國、澳大利亞、烏茲別克斯坦不僅是世界上的產(chǎn)棉花大國，同時(shí)也是棉花出口大國，對于中國這樣一個(gè)棉花進(jìn)口大國來說，不僅要關(guān)心這些國家棉花的內(nèi)在質(zhì)量，而且還要注意這些國家棉花的外觀質(zhì)量和棉花的異性纖維含量，當(dāng)然由于棉花的品種、種植環(huán)境、氣候環(huán)境、采摘方式、加工形式的影響棉花的內(nèi)在質(zhì)量總是存在一些差異，而且不同批次棉花的質(zhì)量總是會存在差異的，但是這些國家生產(chǎn)加工出來的棉花在異性纖維的數(shù)量控制方面是較好的，異性纖維在棉花中的含量平均每250公斤一包都在10根以內(nèi)，在紡紗之前是不需要進(jìn)行手揀的，特別是美國棉花和澳大利亞棉花在異性纖維的控制是特別好的，烏茲別克斯坦的棉花異性纖維的含量相對于美國棉花、澳大利亞棉花稍偏多，但是由于這些國家的棉花生產(chǎn)商特別是美國、澳大利亞的棉花供應(yīng)商為了降低棉花 Production costs and the use of sackcloth packaging cotton and plastic cloth packaging cotton, resulting in cotton for long-distance transportation and multiple loading and unloading friction, it is easy to form some hemp and fibril on the surface of cotton on the surface of cotton bags and become heterosexual fibers, so for the United States cotton and Australian cotton, cotton packaging should be applied to cotton packaging in Uzbekistan to further reduce the surface of foreign fibers on cotton.

2. analysis of abnormal fibers of cotton in Africa, America and Asia

　　美洲除美國外其他國家的棉花都是采用手工采摘的棉花，棉花的加工與非洲、亞洲的加工方法幾乎沒有什么區(qū)別，這就造成了美洲的巴西、秘魯?shù)拿藁ù嬖谝欢康漠愋岳w維，平均每包棉花的異性纖維數(shù)量大約在50-300根內(nèi)，這些美洲棉花在紡紗前也必須進(jìn)行手揀后才能大量進(jìn)行紡紗使用；非洲棉花由于非洲許多國家正是處于發(fā)展中的國家，棉花籽棉的采摘、運(yùn)輸、加工相對比較落后、簡陋，人們對棉花采摘、運(yùn)輸、攤曬環(huán)境和盛裝棉花的容器極為不重視，特別容易造成棉花中含有大量的異性纖維，據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)非洲棉花每包中異性纖維的數(shù)量最高有時(shí)達(dá)到800根／包，一般都在50-500根／包之間，所以非洲棉花的質(zhì)量最大的缺點(diǎn)就是存在較多的異性纖維的，在采用非洲棉花進(jìn)行紡紗之前必須對非洲棉花進(jìn)行異性纖維的手揀工作取出絕大多數(shù)異性纖維后才有利于棉紗 The decrease of the number of foreign fibers in the middle of China makes the quality of cotton yarn effectively improved. In addition to Uzbekistan cotton, other countries such as India, Pakistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz and tokemstan and other countries all have more or less foreign fibers. Moreover, there are a lot of foreign fibers in some countries, some producing areas and some cotton ginning plants. Especially because of the wide distribution of cotton fibers in China, the number of foreign fibers in cotton is also larger. The average number of foreign fibers in Asian cotton is about 50-500 packets per packet, which requires that cotton must be picked strictly before spinning to ensure that the amount of foreign fibers is less.

3. analysis of the number of foreign fibers in China's cotton

　　中國是世界上最大的棉花生產(chǎn)國，棉花種植面積分布較廣，90%的棉花產(chǎn)量來自于中國的北方，而且其中有35%-40%的棉花產(chǎn)于中國的新疆，北方其于45%-50%的棉花產(chǎn)量依次是山東省、河南省、河北省，其他北方省份的棉花產(chǎn)量較少大約只有5%-10%左右，當(dāng)然在中國的南方長江流域湖北省、江蘇省、湖南省也有大量的棉花生產(chǎn)，中國棉花目前狀況下的異性纖維含量因?yàn)榉N植區(qū)域不同也存在較大的差異，除新疆建設(shè)兵團(tuán)生產(chǎn)的棉花異性纖維數(shù)量較少外，棉花中大約異性纖維的含量在30根／包以內(nèi)，長江流域、黃河流域、淮河流域以及中國的其他省份和地區(qū)的棉花異性纖維含量都較高，大約異性纖維數(shù)量在50-1000根／包含量不等，最可怕的是棉花中的長短不一動物毛發(fā)和一些單根的有色纖維、化學(xué)纖維，引起這些異性纖維數(shù)量較多的最為關(guān)鍵的是我國棉花的集約化采摘、加工 生產(chǎn)狀況較低，分散種植棉花的農(nóng)戶太多，同時(shí)棉花收購機(jī)構(gòu)又缺乏對它們的統(tǒng)一管理和對他們很少將異性纖維在棉花加工、紡紗、織布、染色中危害性的知識進(jìn)行宣傳、教育，雖然目前在我國也有少量的機(jī)器采摘棉花出現(xiàn)，但是由于我國采摘棉花的機(jī)器相對較為粗造和加工工藝不合理而使棉花的內(nèi)在質(zhì)量下降嚴(yán)重，即是棉花的異性纖維的到了控制但是由于棉花的內(nèi)在質(zhì)量較差而不受紡織廠歡迎，所以在中國棉花采摘、加工過程中要減少棉花中的異性纖維數(shù)量，首先就必須加大對棉花采摘、加工過程中人們對異形纖維的重視、控制力度、宣傳力度，其次是對棉花的種植、采摘、運(yùn)輸、籽棉容器、加工實(shí)行集約化管理，只有這樣采取嚴(yán)格的控制才有利于我國棉花中異性纖維數(shù)量的大量減少。

Two. Control methods and pros and cons of cotton foreign fibers in spinning process

Some machines pick cotton and Xinjiang construction corps cotton, which requires spinning mills to manually select foreign fibers in cotton before they are put into use, or to use some instruments that are conducive to removing foreign fibers in cotton to reduce the foreign fibers in cotton. This prevents the effect of foreign fibers in cotton compared with the results of cotton picking and cotton production and closed operation. The ability to eliminate foreign fibers is much poorer. That is to say, excluding foreign fibers in cotton is the most beneficial way to remove cotton seeds before processing. There are many common ways to deal with the number of foreign fibers in cotton, but they all have more or less shortcomings, which need continuous improvement and improvement. Because there are many sources of cotton resources and the basic requirements of cotton factories for cotton quality, textile mills can not use American cotton, Australian cotton and Uzbekistan for 100% long time in the whole year.

1. the advantages and disadvantages of artificial selection of foreign fibers in cotton

　　人工挑揀棉花中異性纖維是利用大量的人員對棉花中存在的異性纖維數(shù)量進(jìn)行排除，在這一過程中棉紡廠一方面投入的人員較多，而且對于棉花異性纖維的挑揀要占用大量的空間，另一方面從事棉花異形纖維的挑揀是將棉花中的異性纖維從棉絮中分離出來，由于一些顏色較淺的異性纖維在棉絮中的隱蔽性較強(qiáng)，要將棉花中的異性纖維數(shù)量90%以上的清除都是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，特別是對于棉花中的一些長度較短的異性纖維人工挑揀后幾乎是不可能達(dá)到50%以上的對異性纖維清除效果的，所以人工挑揀棉花中異形纖維數(shù)量的方法是對于棉花中的單根較長異性纖維和大片、大塊非棉花的異性纖維而言的，作為人工已經(jīng)挑揀異性纖維后的棉花，如果棉花中的異性纖維含量減少到小于30根／100公斤，這樣人工挑揀后的棉花將會滿足后工序紡紗的質(zhì)量對異性纖維要求和織布、漂白、染 The number of foreign fibers in the middle is less than 30 / 100 kilograms. This kind of cotton can not be artificially picked when spinning. In addition, manual selection of foreign fibers for cotton is necessary. There must be a strict check on the cotton picked after manual selection. The effective inspection system of quality inspectors and the effective management system of artificial selection of foreign fibers exist. Otherwise, the quantity of foreign fibers will still exist in large quantities. Therefore, according to the actual situation of each spinning mill, the requirements for the foreign fibers in cotton yarn and the requirements for the number of foreign fibers in the cotton yarn quality of the weaving factories and dyeing and finishing factories in the later stages are very significant. The quality of color is required for foreign fibers if cotton.

2. advantages and disadvantages of using foreign fiber remover in blowing carding process

　　許多紡織廠為了減少在紡紗的第一道工序揀棉花異性纖維的用工量，就在清梳聯(lián)工序采用異性纖維清除器來清楚棉花中的異性纖維數(shù)量，目的也是為了降低棉紗中異性纖維的數(shù)量和減少紡紗廠的用工數(shù)量，由于清梳聯(lián)工序所用的異性纖維清除器是采用光反射或激光掃描原理，對于棉花中異性纖維的辨別主要是顏色較深的異性纖維而且棉花中異性纖維必須是具備一定體積或大小才有可能被清除，在紡紗過程中如果棉花的顏色偏黃或顏色較深，異性纖維清除器就會將一些不是異性纖維的棉花清除，對于棉花中的一些棉籽殼、棉稈、棉葉也很容易被異性纖維清除器當(dāng)作異性纖維而被清除，也就是說清梳聯(lián)的異性纖維清除器只能清除棉花中一定面積、一定大小的異性纖維，而對于棉花中的單根異性纖維幾乎是不可能清楚的，作為棉花中顏色較淺的異性纖維采用異性纖維 Heterosexual fibers, which means that the elimination of foreign fibers in cotton by heterosexual fiber remover is for cotton with stronger light than foreign fibers. The production practice tells us that the effect of eliminating foreign fibers by foreign fiber remover is 5-10 times worse than that of using artificial selection of foreign fibers. Generally speaking, the use of foreign fiber remover in the process of blowing carding is for the quantity of foreign fibers in cotton and the size of these heterosexual fibers has a certain volume or area. Only in this way, the scavenging effect of heterosexual fiber remover will receive some effect. It is impossible to eliminate foreign fibers in cotton by using foreign fiber remover to remove foreign fibers from cotton. Scavengers can only eliminate this category in very small part.

3. the advantages and disadvantages of using electronic clearer to eliminate the number of foreign fibers in the winding process

　　采用絡(luò)筒機(jī)的電子清紗器來清除棉紗中的異性纖維，它可以在一定程度上對棉紗中的絕大部分異性纖維清除，同樣電子清紗器的設(shè)計(jì)原理是采用光反射來查找異性纖維數(shù)量并對棉紗中的異性纖維進(jìn)行有效清除，由于棉紗中的異性纖維的顏色種類較多而產(chǎn)生的對光波的覆蓋面積范圍較寬，這就要求電子清紗器必須是設(shè)計(jì)的探測光波能夠反射到全部的異性纖維產(chǎn)生的光波范圍之類，實(shí)際上這種設(shè)計(jì)是不可能的，電子清紗器的設(shè)計(jì)也只會考慮到部分區(qū)域的光波存在，還是與棉紗顏色接近的光波群幾乎是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的，也就是說棉紗存在的一些較淺顏色如橙色、淺黃色、淺綠色、淺紅色類的異性纖維電子清紗器也是無法大面積清除的，電子清紗器清除異性纖維最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)就是能夠?qū)⒁欢ㄩL度、一定大小的單根異性纖維從棉紗中大量的排除，它所針對的異性纖維主要是顏 色較深的而言的；電子清紗器如果設(shè)置采用較為嚴(yán)格的清紗參數(shù)，棉紗中85%以上的異性纖維都會被清除，但是電子清紗器的清紗參數(shù)如果設(shè)置過為嚴(yán)格就將會嚴(yán)重影響絡(luò)筒機(jī)的生產(chǎn)效率，也就是說絡(luò)筒機(jī)電子清紗器最后對棉紗的異性纖維數(shù)量進(jìn)行減少也是有一定的限度的，絕對不能完全依靠電子清紗器來完成對棉花中帶來的異性纖維和紡紗過程中產(chǎn)生的異性纖維進(jìn)行徹底清除，電子清紗器來完成對棉紗中異性纖維的清除主要是限于異性纖維的長度大于0.5CM以上而且含異性纖維部分棉紗的直徑要比正常棉紗的直徑大10%以上，否則電子清紗器的效果是很能體現(xiàn)出來的，另外由于電子清紗器對于空氣的溫濕度極為敏感，要保持電子清紗器的清除功能在最佳狀態(tài)就必須使電子清紗器處于一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的溫濕度范圍的狀態(tài)內(nèi)。

　　所以上述三種清除棉花、棉紗中異性纖維的方法在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過程中都在大量運(yùn)用，從嚴(yán)細(xì)管理、提高質(zhì)量的角度來看，人工挑揀棉花中的異性纖維的效果是最為有效的，因?yàn)槿说难酃饽軌驅(qū)⑺械漠愋岳w維都能夠辨別出來和挑揀出來，而且對于棉花中存在的異性纖維減少的數(shù)量是最多的，從織物的面料質(zhì)量分析也說明了采用人工挑揀異性纖維的效果是最為有效的，其次使電子清紗器對棉紗中的異性纖維的排除能力較大，可以將深顏色的一定面積、一定長度的單根異性纖維大量清除，而作為清梳聯(lián)工序的異性纖維清除器的效果除了能夠清楚一定面積的大塊異性纖維外其他是沒有什么更為細(xì)致的對異性纖維的排除功能了，相對來說在清梳聯(lián)工序采用異性纖維清除器對棉花的異性纖維的清除效果是最差的。

Three, cotton and cotton yarn requirements for the number of foreign fibers

The strict assessment standard of cotton yarn quality, many spinning mill customers in the procurement of cotton to see the origin of cotton, to understand the amount of cotton foreign fiber in the number of cases, and as a weaving weaving factory in the cotton yarn procurement, first of all, the cotton production area of the spinning factory, whether the use of manual selection of cotton flower foreign fiber analysis and understanding, so as to be consistent with the procurement of cotton yarn quality important conditions, so the production of spinning mills, weaving factories to cotton, cotton yarn quantity requirements of foreign fibers, which can also to a certain extent make the cotton planting and processing farms and units attach importance to the harm of foreign fibers, reduce the number of foreign fibers in cotton. With the improvement of spinning quality, the requirements of cotton yarn quality are no longer satisfied with the yarn evenness, details, knots, neps and strength of cotton yarns. In recent years, the content of foreign fibers in cotton yarns has been taken as an example.

1. cotton requirements for foreign fiber quantity (root / 100 kg)

　　 If the number of foreign fibers in the cotton is within the scope of the above requirements, the cotton produced by machine picking and the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps can be directly put into production and use. For this type of cotton, it is better to use the foreign fiber cleaner and the electronic yarn clearer with the shear fibers in the blowing carding process to remove the residual foreign fibers once again in the spinning process. In other countries and regions, the non machine picked cotton can not be used directly under the general requirements. It is necessary to manually select foreign fibers before spinning into the spinning.

2. cotton yarn requirements for foreign fiber quantity (root / 1 million meters)

　　 Above cotton yarn quality requirements: control of the number of foreign fibers in cotton yarn is mainly to control animal hair, harmful fiber and colored fibers. Some plant fibers are stricter than those in this white cloth, and the requirements for bleached white cloth and dyed fabrics are relatively low. Therefore, the control requirements of foreign fibers in cotton yarns are more critical to the quality of weaving.

3. requirement of foreign fiber quantity (root / 100 yards)

　　 The above requirements indicate: from the color requirements of cotton cloth, the requirement of the foreign fiber is the most stringent requirement of the white cloth, and the complaint of the foreign fibers to the cotton yarn quality in the weaving factory is also mainly reflected on the white cloth. It is not only sensitive to animal hair and colored chemical fiber from cotton and cotton yarn, but also sensitive to some plant fibers such as linen, cottonseed skins and grass, so this is an important aspect worthy of attention in the spinning process.

Four. Conclusion

The main source of foreign fibers in cotton is cotton picking, transportation, storage and processing. The amount of foreign fibers in cotton will seriously affect the quality of cotton, the quality of spinning and the quality of fabrics.

The content of foreign fibers in different countries, regions, regions and processing methods is different. From the national and regional division, the number of foreign fibers in the United States, Australia, some Uzbekistan and Xinjiang production and Construction Corps in China is the least. From the way of picking, transporting, storing and processing cotton, the number of foreign fibers in cotton picked by machine after closed transportation, storage and processing is the least.

The way to eliminate the number of foreign fibers in cotton and cotton yarns is to remove artificial fibers from cotton, remove foreign fibers, and use the electronic clearer to remove foreign fibers. These methods have certain advantages and disadvantages in eliminating the effects of foreign fibers. Relatively speaking, the selection of foreign fibers in cotton is the most effective way to select foreign fibers in less cotton and cotton yarns.

For cotton in different producing areas and picking methods, there must be the quality control standard of cotton foreign fiber. After the same artificial conditions, the cotton should also have the control standard of the foreign fiber. The quality control of the cotton yarn is also required by the weaving quality. The control standard of the heterosexual fiber in cotton yarn will play a supporting role in the quality control of the foreign fibers. In addition, according to the quantity of different quality cotton fabrics and fabrics, the control standard of the quantity of foreign fibers in cotton yarns and fabrics needs to be established, which is the key to control the quantity of foreign fibers in spinning process, cotton picking, transportation, storage and processing.