Side Of The Epidemic: New Infectious Disease Hospital Under The New Crown Pneumonia.

The outbreak of new crown pneumonia at the end of 2019 made China's public health system face an unprecedented test. In just a few weeks, it attacked the disease prevention and control system established after SARS in 2003.

Infectious diseases hospitals established in the prevention and emergency of infectious diseases are an important part of our government's public health service. Due to the particularity of the patients admitted, the infectious disease hospitals have more stringent requirements for personnel, environment and equipment.

In addition to Wuhan and Hubei, large and medium-sized cities are facing a new round of test after the resumption: epidemic control and disease treatment ability become the focus of public opinion. Beijing Ditan Hospital, you an hospital, Shanghai public health clinical center, fifth medical center, etc. became the first line of defense.

In February 10th, the public health clinical center in Shanghai Jinshan is stepping up the construction of emergency medical facilities. - China News Service

"People, money and things should be in place".

According to the request of the National Health Protection Committee, the newly diagnosed cases of new crown pneumonia were treated according to the principle of four concentration, namely, concentrating patients, concentrating experts, concentrating resources and concentrating treatment. The Shanghai public health clinical center is the designated hospital for the new crown pneumonia in Shanghai. Lu Hongzhou, Secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Public Health Clinical Center, introduced in twenty-first Century an exclusive interview with the economic news reporter. At present, there are 327 beds in the negative pressure ward of the Shanghai public health center, and 200 temporary medical projects under construction. All adult patients in Shanghai were admitted to the center.

According to Wu Jing Lei, director of the Shanghai municipal health and Health Committee, Shanghai public health center started construction in 2003. During the construction period, the hospital area reserved space and corresponding infrastructure to deal with public health incidents. "Now start the plan, build emergency. Shanghai has made sufficient reserves ahead of schedule to take precautions. He said.

Lu Hongzhou said that in order to become a model hospital, manpower, financial resources and material resources should be put in place in every aspect. "Since SARS, our country has made some good achievements in the construction of public health system, but we must take it as an urgent task to be truly realistic and landing. Shanghai public health center was built after SARS, first of all, its negative pressure ward has a certain scale.

The equipment must be updated, the personnel team should be integrated, and the key factors should be kept in line with the financial resources. "From the perspective of hospital construction, infectious disease hospitals are hard to feed themselves. In this regard, the Shanghai municipal government is very forward-looking. Global integration and the increasing number of human contacts, especially the emergence of new pathogens, are bound to lead to this epidemic. Lu Hongzhou said that the Shanghai municipal government has given special policies to ensure the basic treatment of our employees. With the guarantee of human resources, there is a guarantee in the discovery of pathogenic microorganisms and treatment of patients. As a hospital, "wartime" is just like this situation, which can ensure public health safety in Shanghai.

After the outbreak of the outbreak, the Shanghai public health center immediately mobilized all the hospital departments to organize special drills and training for outbreaks of infectious diseases, set up a special emergency office, formulated the "emergency manual for epidemic situation", cancelled all vacations, resumed work ahead of schedule, and carried out the full face Department for preparations for the epidemic. The senior resident expert group is stationed for 24 hours, including intensive care unit, ECOM, CRRT, respiratory therapy, psychological team and so on. The establishment of comprehensive organ support system for critically ill patients, rapid identification of secondary infection pathogens and anti infective treatment regimen, and early warning of critical illness progression and intervention of mild to moderate patients were also established.

In addition, "for our public health center, there are more than 140 full-time researchers. Over the years, it has also targeted various possible international epidemic situations, including the corresponding technical reserves, including plans, scientific research, identification of pathogenic microorganisms, etc. the translational medical center can develop new diagnostic reagents, vaccines and drugs. Our treatment plan, testing ability and virus analysis were built by ourselves.

From the perspective of hospital construction, Beijing Ditan Hospital and Shanghai public health clinical center can become a sample of infectious disease hospitals. Zhang Kai, director of Johnson's self controlled medical profession, told the economic news report in twenty-first Century that these hospitals are the three first-class hospitals in China, which are the first class medical research and prevention departments. They are authoritative authorities in the field of infectious diseases in China. They are designed according to relevant specifications, so that they are safe in location selection, reasonable in function configuration, and conform to the medical technological process, stream of people and objects in the building layout. The flow organization is orderly and efficient, and the safeguard system is set up scientifically and applied. "Specifically, such as clear spatial zoning, reasonable gas organization, clear line of personnel movement and strict sewage treatment."

Hospital for infectious diseases

"The design of infectious diseases hospitals in China was relatively weak in the early days, and SARS was the critical point. At that time, the Xiaotangshan hospital was built in 7 days, and the design specifications for infectious diseases hospitals were subsequently promulgated. At present, there are 167 infectious diseases hospitals in China. Sun Wenzhang, senior engineer of Zhongyuan International Medical architectural design and Research Institute, said.

In 2003, in order to control the SARS epidemic, the Beijing municipal government concentrated on building Xiaotangshan emergency hospital within 7 days. In August 2014, the Ministry of housing issued the GB 50849-2014 code for building design of infectious diseases hospitals. A number of professional infectious diseases hospitals have been built all over the country.

For the management of infectious disease institutions, there are provisions in the law of the People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of infectious diseases, the measures for the management of nosocomial infections, the management of public health emergencies and the monitoring report of infectious diseases, and for the construction of infectious diseases hospitals, there are guiding principles in the special epidemic period in addition to the code for architectural design of infectious diseases hospitals.

In February 8, 2020, the National Health Protection Committee and the Ministry of housing issued the guidelines for the design of a new type of coronavirus pneumonia emergency treatment facility (Trial Implementation), guiding the reconstruction, expansion and new construction projects of medical institutions or temporary buildings for patients with new coronavirus pneumonia from site selection, building design, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation.

On February 18th, Ren Hongbin, member and deputy director of the State Council SASAC, said at the joint defense joint control press conference that the central enterprises took the task of designing and rebuilding more than 100 specialized hospitals throughout the country. The first time of the China National Machinery Group's Zhongyuan was revised and perfected in Xiaotangshan hospital drawings, and more than 20 thousand managerial and operational personnel in China's construction mobilization organization participated in the construction. Electric power, petroleum, communications and other enterprises have fully guaranteed the completion of the Wuhan fire god Hill Hospital and Raytheon Hill Hospital on schedule. At the same time, 13 central enterprises have dispatched more than 500 medical staff from their hospitals to Hubei.

According to sun's article, according to the medical characteristics of different infectious diseases, the layout of infectious diseases hospitals is different, but the simultaneous interpreting of the three districts and two channels must be set up.

"Three districts" refers to clean areas, semi polluted areas and polluted areas. The air between regions is compressed by different levels of pressure, which is one-way flow from clean areas, semi polluted areas and polluted areas. "Two channels" refer to medical personnel passageways and patient passages, and buffer rooms are set up between medical corridors and wards to ensure the diversion of patients and doctors. There is a special double deck transfer window between wards and medical corridors, and the windows on both sides can not be opened at the same time, so as to avoid cross infection effectively.

For the hospital transformation and construction of the epidemic, Zhang Kai said the biggest challenge lies in the short time to the participants, including design units, construction units, materials and equipment supply units. "All parties are required to organize the most capable team to break the routine design procedure and organization mode of the project. General design, construction, structure, water supply and drainage, HVAC, electrical, weak electricity and other design professionals are synchronized design, professional design and other professional information, to ensure that the professional drawings are accurate, and at the same time with other professional coordination and coordination, to avoid "wrong, leak, touch" problems.

"There is also the challenge of the time point, which coincides with the traditional Chinese Spring Festival. Many manufacturers have already gone on holiday, and the supply of materials and equipment is also a great challenge. However, eventually these challenges are overcome in the minds of millions of people, and we can imagine the hardships and efforts of the participating parties.

At the same time, the epidemic also exposes the weak links of infectious diseases hospitals. From the perspective of hospital construction, the situation of infected patients can not be treated in a regular hospital, and so on, which reflects the objective infectious disease prevention and control infrastructure, such as space, air conditioning, personnel moving lines, sewage and other conditions do not match, so it is difficult to treat patients and control infection. After all, there are only 167 infectious diseases hospitals in more than 30000 hospitals nationwide. Therefore, the construction of specialized infectious diseases hospitals and upgrading of infectious diseases departments in general hospitals will be further accelerated through this operation, and there may be a group of hospitals that combine peacetime and wartime. This is not only related to how the building technology can provide energy for peacetime and wartime hospitals, but also to build a preventive public health and epidemic prevention system from a long-term investment perspective.

In February 18th, Roland Begg issued a report that the future public health system should be built on the basis of consolidating smart city residents' electronic health records, public archives, traffic information and public security information data platform, adhering to the people-oriented value orientation, building a well-developed crowd health management system, medical institutions collaboration system, personnel and medical materials support system, evaluation and supervision body. Department. The developed public health system should be reflected in the rapid perception and prediction of epidemic situation, the complete cut-off of transmission channels, the transparent public opinion epidemic management, and the collaboration of efficient medical institutions.

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