The Impact Of The Wenchuan Earthquake On China'S Chemical Industry
化工企業對地震的反應是最敏感，也是最直接的。如果把企業比作行業的細胞，那么這次汶川大地震就是對行業細胞再生能力的巨大考驗。如今災后重建的大幕已經拉開，哪些企業將以什么樣的方式再生，這無疑是行業上下非常關注的。記者就此做了采訪。
Upper: loss article
The earthquake has undoubtedly caused huge losses to chemical enterprises. According to the enterprise, casualties, equipment damage and forced shutdown are the most direct losses. These direct losses also lead to the subsequent loss of raw material shortage and market confusion in downstream enterprises. At the same time, the road damage and the tight railway capacity of the disaster areas forced the enterprises to rearrange the whole operation system in the shortest time.
Production in the quake zone "boils down to zero".
The most affected enterprises are in the earthquake stricken areas.
The earthquake affected hundreds of chemical enterprises in Chengdu, Deyang, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Ya'an, Meishan and ABA, causing huge losses to these enterprises, and some even destroyed factories. Liu Deshan, vice president of Sichuan Hongda Group, said that Hanwang town and Ying Huashan concentrated in the Deyang area were the hardest hit areas of the earthquake. The earthquake had devastating effects on the phosphorus chemical industry in the area. He believes that as the upstream phosphate ore enterprises are damaged, the downstream phosphorus chemical production will "boil down to zero".
China National Chemical Corp is one of the worst hit central enterprises. According to the company, 10 enterprises in Sichuan and Gansu were hit by the disaster, especially the Qingping Phosphate Mine in Mianzhu, the southwest Gansu chemical company in Shifang and the 6914 factory in Dujiangyan. The earthquake has caused the direct economic losses of China chemical industry group to total 608 million 705 thousand yuan, and indirect economic losses totaling 579 million 816 thousand yuan.
Related enterprises reduce production and reduce efficiency
If the above affected enterprises are put into the industrial chain, a series of enterprises will be indirectly affected. The first is the phosphate compound fertilizer enterprise. Because the phosphate rock of Qingping, Jinhe and other phosphate rocks not only meet the needs of Sichuan Province, but also provide the phosphate and compound fertilizer enterprises in Shandong and other places as raw materials.
Mao Guanzhi, marketing manager of Shandong alliance Chemical Group Co., Ltd., said that the amount of phosphate ore purchased by the company from Sichuan accounted for 30%. Now the company has reduced the production of compound fertilizer on the one hand and on the other hand, it has used the phosphate rock of Hubei and Guizhou to supplement it. This reporter has learned that many phosphate and compound fertilizer enterprises, which use phosphate rock from Qingping Phosphate Mine and Jinhe Phosphate Mine as raw material, can only find a way out or be in a "hungry" state.
Yun Tianhua international chemical Limited by Share Ltd responsible person said that they are very concerned about the production of phosphate rock in Shifang. If the production of Shifang's phosphate rock can recover soon, the market of phosphorus products should be stable. If the phosphate production enterprises in Shifang stop production for too long, the impact will be difficult to estimate. After the export tax rate of phosphatic compound fertilizer has changed to 135%, even if the demand of the international market is vigorous, the way of export is blocked. However, the price of raw ammonium phosphate has been limited by 4100 yuan per ton, and the price of raw materials has not been restricted. It has been on the rise, and the loss of one ton per ton of business has been reduced by some enterprises.
In addition, the production of calcium carbide enterprises in Wenchuan area also resulted in some calcium carbide PVC enterprises which were not damaged in the earthquake because of lack of raw materials and forced to stop production and reduce production. Such as Sichuan Leshan Yongxiang resin Co., Ltd., can only maintain the 70%-80% operating rate. Transport capacity plummeted industry blocked
The earthquake caused many highways to break down, and recently needed to make way for pporting disaster relief vehicles, which caused great difficulties in logistics for raw materials and products. Sichuan LV Tianhua Limited by Share Ltd 400 thousand tons / year, Chongqing Chuan Wei plant 300 thousand tons / year of methanol installations are running normally, but the two companies said that the current shipping and pportation were affected, mainly by waterway shipping. Limited by Share Ltd of Guizhou tiantianhua also said that the original railway pportation plan of the company has been greatly reduced, and the pportation of raw materials and products is difficult.
Even more intractable is that Sichuan is now in the period of rice planting and corn sowing, which needs a large amount of urea and ammonium bicarbonate, and there is a shortage of chemical fertilizer in the earthquake stricken areas. A Jiangyou agricultural distributor told reporters that if the chemical fertilizer was pported to Jiangyou city in Jiangyou, the pportation cost of ammonium bicarbonate would be 50 yuan per ton. If the road was pported, the pport cost would reach 160 yuan per ton even if the whole road was free of charge. When Chongqing's ammonium bicarbonate production enterprises tried to pport chemical fertilizer through trains, they found that in order to ensure the pportation of emergency relief supplies, the railway system strictly controlled the leather and their chemical fertilizers could not be pported by rail. The dealer is very anxious to say that if farmers can not buy chemical fertilizer before June 10th, the output of rice and corn will be reduced in October this year, which will affect the lives of farmers in the disaster areas. He hoped that the railway departments could also list the chemical fertilizers that were badly needed in the disaster area as emergency relief materials and realize railway pportation.
Next: Reconstruction
"Broken windows" is a famous French economist Bastiat put forward: children smashed the barber shop windows, but to glass manufacturers to create business opportunities, to glass repair craftsmen bring job opportunities, and then promote economic development. The Philosophical Expression of the broken window theory is that bad things turn good. Now it will be put into practice in the Wenchuan earthquake area of China.
In May 28th, the SASAC Information Center released a report saying that after the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan, the profits of oil and electricity industries dropped sharply, and the profits of state-owned key enterprises declined slightly. However, the reconstruction of the disaster areas also brought huge business opportunities to key state-owned enterprises, especially in energy, building materials, chemical industry, communications and other industries, which will play an important role in reconstruction.
Jiang Jufeng, deputy secretary of the Sichuan provincial Party committee and governor of the provincial Party committee, said that the reconstruction plan was not to clone the past, but to upgrade it on the original basis, reflecting the foresight.
Reconstruction has become an increasingly urgent task for enterprises in the disaster area, and has become an increasingly hot topic in the whole industry. Because the idea and mode of rebuilding enterprises in the disaster area will bring influence and inspiration to the whole industry.
Revelation 1: seize the reconstruction machine
Encounter development of the right products
Many enterprises have the following view: after disaster reconstruction, the disaster area will become a large construction site. And at least one big site with a "Five Year Plan" will become a big market for many kinds of chemical products.
It is understood that the earthquake severely damaged 5 million 932 thousand and 500 houses, 5 million 461 thousand and 900 houses collapsed, resulting in millions of people homeless. Although the people in the disaster area can temporarily live in tents and activities, the construction of residential housing is an important part of rebuilding their homes after the disaster.
Chemical building materials are fourth kinds of building materials after steel, wood and cement. There is no doubt that new buildings, schools, hospitals and municipal works will meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. The reporter learned from China Plastics Processing Industry Association that plastic doors and windows will be the national energy saving building materials. Plastic pipes can replace steel pipes and cast iron pipes for water supply, drainage, ventilation and gas pipelines. Thermal insulation materials made of polystyrene and polyurethane foam materials can be used for thermal insulation of the external walls and roofs of houses. The association analyzed that the reconstruction market will stimulate the production of chemical building materials.
At the moment, the busiest ones are tents, stripes, and activities. Tent fabric is mainly PVC waterproof Oxford cloth, color bar cloth is made of polyethylene and polypropylene composite material, the "sandwich layer" of the movable board room is polystyrene or polyurethane foam material. Zhejiang Thompson leisure products company, Guangdong Buddhist and plastic share Nanning Jingwei branch, and headquarters steel structure engineering (Beijing) Co., Ltd., etc., said that they have been working overtime day and night to work overtime to make disaster relief tents or activities. Some enterprises also said that in addition to meeting the immediate needs of compatriots in disaster areas, enterprises are ready to readjust their existing product mix to meet the needs of long-term post disaster reconstruction market.
The domestic and foreign coatings enterprises also pegged the reconstruction market in the disaster area. Reporters learned that some internationally renowned coating enterprises have indicated that they will increase investment in Sichuan. The Nippon coating company will further inspect Chengdu in accordance with the original plan to consider the new powder coating plant. In order to ensure the supply of post disaster reconstruction, some paint enterprises will set up marketing branches or set up offices in the local area, and do not rule out the possibility of establishing a branch factory.
Revelation two: reconstruction should be based on upgrading of industrial structure.
According to the China chemical industry group, the feasibility study of the 200 thousand tons / year DAP project to be built in Sichuan has been completed, and the plant is being selected for construction. The project is based on the deep development of the industrial chain and the deep processing of phosphate rock. In addition, if the highway condition of Qingping phosphate mine is allowed, the company can resume production capacity of 480 thousand tons / year of phosphate ore in only 3 months. It is not just worry about recovery. The company plans to expand the mine to 700 thousand tons per year after 1 years. Sichuan LAN-STAR Machinery Co., Ltd. also intends to seize the opportunity of reconstruction, and build a mechanical processing workshop twice as large as the pre processing capacity in 2 to 3 years, and become the largest modern chemical machinery processing base in the southwest and northwest regions. The 6914 plant in Dujiangyan will realize the pformation of enterprises through post disaster reconstruction, optimize the industrial structure and promote product upgrading.
Sichuan Li son group company is a Zhejiang capital building material enterprise that Shifang inviting investment. The general manager of the company, Cheng Cheng Cheng, said that if we want to make the earthquake better, we can force Shifang to readjust its industrial structure and business pformation. Because most of the factories destroyed by the earthquake are old factories, without advanced environmental protection technology, if it is built according to the original production technology, it is difficult to pass the EIA audit.
Reporters learned that, as a
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