Ma Junru: Innovation Globalization And Enterprise Development

Ma Junru, senior expert of the Ministry of science and technology

Now it is generally accepted that the two things of "innovation" and "globalization" are creating unprecedented opportunities for development. Of course, it should be a development advantage of our garment industry.

At present, the development of innovative globalization has become the driving force for the development of the world.

Innovation has been constantly innovating since we have human beings.

The first stage of trade globalization can be traced back to Zheng He's voyage to the West 600 years ago. At that time, he went abroad to Cape of Good Hope, Africa, exchanging products between China and Africa and exchanging products in Africa. Columbo discovered that the new American continent is an adventure activity, that is, cross country trade. Therefore, at that time, the history of going out of the country was mainly for trade in goods.

The second stage, twentieth Century.

The third stage occurred after 80s. At the end of twentieth Century, this time suddenly discovered that knowledge could create wealth. People with knowledge in the past were poor. Although he could have enough food and clothing, he could not create wealth.

From the latter half of the twentieth Century, knowledge began to create wealth. For example, some famous people were told. The most famous one was Bill Gate, who used to be hostile to rich people. For example, Rockefeller scolded everywhere, but Bill Gate was everywhere popular. Bill Gate sold Microsoft's system.

Knowledge creation wealth has undergone great conceptual changes in the world, and has spread all over the world and spread all over the world.

Knowledge is an innovative activity, and the so-called innovation is the process of producing new knowledge and becoming material wealth. Moreover, such a process has developed in the latter half of the twentieth Century, for example, in 1996, China only had six R & D institutions of pnational corporations, and now there are more than 2000, and five hundred of the world's top ones are doing this.

The reason is to find that only trade is not enough to become a winner in the market competition. According to the new products created by local intelligence, such sales can gain more profits from local sales, so there is such a development process, and innovation presents such a trend.

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At the end of the twentieth Century, a new development stage of innovative activities is presented in the world, so this is a new stage.

The governments of various countries in the world have made decisions, and the major governments of various countries are pushing forward the development of this innovative globalization and advocating the process of globalization.

I will provide you with several bases, all of which took place in the first five years of our past.

The first thing is that in January 26, 2006, China made a very important decision to build an innovative country. We all know that innovation is the main driving force for the development of the country. Perhaps ten years ago, innovation did not know what was going on, and now everyone knows about innovation.

When you go to the farmers market, many labels are innovative products, vegetables are new, which are made by the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and what research institutes have done to attract customers through innovation, so "building an innovative country" is like this.

The second thing is that in February 2, 2006, the US President Bush wrote a letter on the competitiveness report. The slogan of the letter is "innovation leads the world". Now, what Obama said is more thorough is that innovation guides the world.

China and the United States are the two largest economies in the world. They have done what they do elsewhere. Europe and the European Union are a very large economy. The European Union has a policy think-tank. The think tank has also made an independent policy report to establish an innovation based Europe. They also mentioned innovation in the height of EU decision-making. The three places did this in less than a month.

The third thing is Japan, another economic entity in the world. In fact, Japan attaches great importance to this matter. In December 2005, it added less than 60 days before and after, and Japanese think-tank put forward a report for innovation oriented Japan.

That is to say, the four big economies in the world, in about 60 days, have put forward a report on innovation as a national regional strategy. This is a very big move.

The four economies did not put forward such a policy report after consultation. Now the economic crisis is raised independently by various countries and regions. For example, the report making decisions of China's innovative countries have been made, and over one thousand experts have worked for more than three years.

Now, tens of thousands of experts have been consulted throughout the country, and the strategic decisions made by various officials have been consulted.

Other places have made such a judgement after a long period of independent research. This shows that the world's situation has entered a new stage, a new era, the global innovation and innovation is developing globally, and it has become a driving force for development and progress.

I think this is a sign of the times, so it is a very important thing.

To sum up, the new development stage of innovation is to integrate resources innovation in the whole world, and no longer consider ourselves. In the past, a country must enrich its own resources, such as oil in the Middle East, coal in China, and development on its own natural resources.

It is necessary to organize its own production on the scale of its own industry. Now it is not, it is now being organized in the world, and this product is sold to the world and sold all over the world, so it is actually a new stage of globalization led by innovation.

I think this is a very important era change.

Who is the main force in the globalization of technological innovation? Our country often says that the liberation war has played a number of important strategies, including the main force and the main force. Several major strategic forces in the war of liberation, for example, one battalion, two battalion and three battalion.

Now, who is the main force in promoting the globalization process? We may often encounter this problem in our Chinese concept. I keep talking about this matter today. We should have a unified view. We Chinese believe in the government. First of all, we think the government is the main force, or we think who has knowledge and who is the main force.

When we think of our universities and our research institutes, they are the main force in the way of knowledge.

Our enterprises, who are the main ones, who is in the lead, who is the preamble troops, in the Chinese concept, the government is, in fact, the government is not, the government can only use policies to guide globalization, the government can only use its policy guidance in its own country, and the government can not cross the country to implement the whole ball.

China's state-owned enterprises have encountered a lot of trouble going global to acquire. When PetroChina bought oil resources in Russia, it reached an agreement with the Russian government, but finally it was opposed. The Russian Far East people came out to say that PetroChina was a Chinese state owned enterprise, representing the Chinese central enterprises, representing the Chinese government. The Chinese government wanted to control our natural gas, so at last, the agreement was negated, the government could not cross the door, but the government must advocate globalisation.

The main force of innovation should be enterprises, because enterprises create new products to create.

Internationally renowned consulting firms surveyed one thousand multinationals in 2004. The R & D investment of these companies was US $384 billion, which accounted for 5% to 7% of sales. We continuously invested in R & D activities, and brought new technologies and products to the market.

We must ask how multinationals are defined. Now we often see that we have five companies in China and five companies in San Francisco. Is it a multinational company? As the name implies, it is called a multinational company, but today's multinational companies with economic strength do not define it. It has a certain threshold. With the definition of pnational index, there are a total of three items. The first one depends on the proportion of foreign total assets station companies, the second one depends on the total sales volume of foreign sales stations, and third depends on the total number of employees abroad.

China's state-owned enterprises now have more than 60 in the world top five hundred list, and many of China's top 500 enterprises are very advanced in the world ranking, but they are not the best ones from the national competitiveness. For example, Sinopec's ranking in the top five hundred is about fifth, and the Sinopec's pnational index is 7.6%, because it is mainly sold by Chinese resources in China, and it has little influence in the world.

So today we talk about a global competitive enterprise, our central enterprises do not have the advantage. It mainly makes money in China, does not earn the world's money, and today creates the best opportunity in the world.

The average multinational index of multinational corporations is 37%. In fact, they have counted one hundred big companies, pnational index to 60%, and even now some American companies have 90% pnational index. Some people say that Coca Cola Co's pnational index is about 90%. Americans do not drink Coca-Cola, but it is advertising all over the world, and people all over the world are drinking Coca-Cola.

We must admit that powerful multinational companies must be developed countries, because such a large amount of capital and volume of sales, only they have the technology and capital, which is also the most difficult problem of globalization, that multinational companies will lead to inaction in the country, pessimists finally oppose globalization, and developing countries once opposed Globalization.

Today, for developing countries, today's opportunities are better than ever.

If we take the contribution of the United States to the world, this is not surprising. Everyone in Japan, France and Germany will take it for granted. I will give you three places that were considered impossible in the past. One is Europe, one is Asia, the other is three from Africa.

The first is Finland, which relies on the North Pole. The population is only six million. There is a large area in the Arctic region, which is very cold. However, this place is historically a small city with few people. At the very least, it is a tourist city. But it has become one of the strongest in the world. In the most innovative competition, it is always ranked number one. What does it depend on? It depends on high technology. As we all know, NOKIA mobile phones occupy the whole GDP40% of Finland. It does not rely on Finland to do anything. It relies on doing things all over the world. NOKIA is a very large company in China.

Now, of course, Finland is facing new problems. Innovation does not advance and retreat. It creates brilliance. A small country can shock the world.

Does Finland rely on a NOKIA? No, it depends on national spirit and culture.

There is a computer operating system in Finland, which is now 1/3 in the network and a 20 year old student at the Helsinki level in 1990. He helped a large number of experts in the dorm to do network systems in the United States and changed their homework to a new system. The system is famous.

Such a small country, such a few intellectual collisions, produced such a great effect.

The second is South Korea. Before the Korean War, North Korea was engaged in industry, South Korea was engaged in agriculture, and the Korean War was in a mess. The per capita GDP of Korea was less than 50 dollars in 1953. Now, how much? Now 20 thousand dollars, you have to compare it. North Korea is still reliant on relief, and is unable to engage in industry. Now that agriculture is engaged in high-tech success, is there any resources in the Korean Peninsula?

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The third is Israel. We see Israel fighting every day on TV. There are 5 million people in this place, and no one in heaven and earth. There is no rain in the sky, drought, underground water, land is not big, 5 million people, 14 thousand square kilometers, and half of them are deserts, but they can do anything to compete with the Arabia world.

It is even more amazing that agricultural products can be very popular in the European market. Most of the tomatoes and green peppers we eat today are Israeli varieties. What do they depend on? What do you think they depend on in such a bad environment? What is the innovative spirit of Israel? What is Israel's agricultural viewpoint? He says I have no advantage in agriculture, but I have created miracles. First, my agricultural products are of high quality and high quality, so they can not be too expensive.

Agricultural products can not be listed at the same time as other people. High quality products are listed in the summer. There is no market. People sell in the summer. I sell them in winter and do bad seasons because there are no other kinds of agricultural products in other places in winter.

How to do without water? Water saving irrigation is all high-tech, and agricultural products are all over the world.

How much money do Chinese sell seeds for agricultural products? How valuable is Israel's valuable seed? Today, it is a success to change our outlook by knowledge and wisdom.

Israel is also joking with us. I am very familiar with them. He said that you can do this by Mr. Ma. He always said that China's agriculture is backward and inefficient. The peasants are burdens. He said that you rent a piece of land to Israel, and we will become the number one in the world.

He said, why do you rent a place arbitrarily? Because no one in China is worse than Israel. Its environment is worse than yours. It can't be worse. It can also be successful. This thing tells us that today is not what we can not do, but we do not do it, we dare not do it.

This place enlightens us today that we rely on innovation to change our faces and change the world. We call them a big reason for world stars.

The inspiration from these places is that technological change and globalization are creating a series of unprecedented opportunities for development. We must seize it and not let go of it, and we will succeed.

China is now known as the world factory, and China has made great progress in global manufacturing. In 1992, China's foreign exchange reserves amounted to 10 billion US dollars, and now it is more than 3 trillion US dollars. Foreign exchange is international relations, and internal operations will not be generated.

Today, the main characteristic is that we can not rely on resources and industrial scale, and scale can go elsewhere. Now it is the size of the family that comes to us. This tells us where the chances are.

In this way, when building an innovative country, our country has made a great strategic decision, building an innovation system that takes the enterprise as the main body, the market as the guidance, and the combination of production, teaching and research.

During the decades of reform and opening up, we also encountered some problems to be solved.

We find three problems, including the problems of enterprises themselves, as well as politics and environment.

Since the reform and opening up, enterprises have never innovating and innovating, encouraging intellectuals to go to sea to innovate. Under such circumstances, many people go out of school and research institutes. But in the past, when they encounter difficulties, they rebound, and are afraid of not being insured.

Policy factors have no policies and policies for the enterprises that have already started their own businesses. Now it is how much subsidies they give to entrepreneurs, three years of tax exemption, and the entrepreneurial process has come to a certain stage. To do capital operation, how to encourage policies, financial credit problems, market development problems, and the spirit of entrepreneurs are not the academic level, not the thinking of scientists, but the thinking of entrepreneurs.

The academic environment and the supporting environment of enterprises are not perfect, so it is very difficult for enterprises to do pioneering work.

In addition, our state-owned enterprises are made by private entrepreneurs. Many countries benefit from state-owned enterprises. Private enterprises are always putting pressure on them. Many things are not encouraging private entrepreneurs to break through. Instead of giving private entrepreneurs trouble relief, they create many restrictions. This is very difficult to solve, which is inseparable from our country's inherent concepts, the limitations of communism and dogmatism.

Therefore, we must overcome these problems if we want to go to the market economy.

Today is the globalization of innovation. We must have the global thinking.

What is globalized thinking? It is simply summed up as "three jump", "three in" and "five flow".

First of all, the "three jump" is to jump out of pure technological factor innovation, and join the innovation of non technological factors; secondly, we must jump out of technology management, and think that innovation is science and technology. In the economy and society, especially in culture, there is a lot of creative combination. We do not understand that we must jump out of the circle of technology.

The last is to jump out of the city, province and country into the world.

"Three in", using the resources of the whole world, organize production in the whole world and sell it in the global market.

"Five streams", flow of people, logistics, capital flow, information flow and knowledge flow.

But the most important problem in globalization is culture, cultural harmony and cultural incompatibility. The Central Committee decided to emphasize cultural construction. The bread contains global culture.

The main points are summarized as follows:

Business mode innovation is the communication between modern technology and traditional business models, which is emerging.

It is high technology that brings knowledge, creates wealth, and changes the world.

People's work mode, production mode, learning style, life style and way of thinking are changing, so there are some new business models.

For example, Amazon has developed into the world's largest book retailer in only a few years, selling books online, buying books to select several books from bookstores, and now it has become an online sales bookstore, which has a profound impact on traditional enterprises.

Americans first feel that this business model is a development opportunity, so the United States in 1998 has a good business model can apply for patents, come back, who use your business mode, you can make money, this is the current service industry.

For example, IBM is a computer, but in fact half of its income is a business mode. It is a new business model for the clothing industry.

In today's developed countries, after the emergence of new business models, they have a slogan: having market position is more important than having market; technology standard is more important than technology; intellectual property is more important than knowledge; profit mode is more important than profit.

In fact, the innovation process of business mode can be divided into six parts.

First, in the field of R & D, we should pay attention to today's creative activities, which are short cycles and fast paces. So many people in the world want to enter the market as soon as possible to see the benefits. If you are too slow, you will not be able to reveal them. From the business mode that has entered the competition of technology and competition innovation, we must not be dominated by universities. We must take the lead by enterprises. This is the lesson we learned over the years.

The second is the production problem. Today's production layout is the layout of globalization. The industrial chain and value chain are all around the world, and the innovation chain is also global. All products must be examined strictly by the large production line.

The third is to promote the reputation system of enterprises and establish the brand image of enterprises.

The fourth is investment. We are now relying on the state to apply for state funding. In fact, the biggest feature of enterprise innovation is that I want to innovate. It is not the state's application to help me innovate. If I can get into this realm, the small businesses say that I have no money, and big enterprises are unwilling. In fact, the first is large enterprises, and more importantly, they should actively invest and innovate themselves.

We find that many small businesses have many overseas returnees to go to market oriented enterprises, and they are innovative in their own money. They are very good and enjoy the happiness and benefits of innovation.

The fifth is the intermediary, any innovation process is not independent, you can use a lot of multimedia network things, but in real society, the intermediary of interpersonal relationship is also very important. Now the innovation service is a very important link. We should not neglect this process. From the industry perspective, the practice of the industry encourages some intermediary to come out to serve, and turn everything from innovation to a chain. This is very meaningful and important.

The last is talent, and business competition is becoming more and more important.

Manual labor and mental labor management are different ways to encourage mental workers to create wealth.

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The creation of wealth in the era of knowledge economy is like a byproduct of countless individuals' free activities. The process of creating wealth has come out after inspiration, which is totally different from manual labor.

The environment of individual thinking has been brought into full play, and innovation is constantly emerging.

This is a great thing, which is in line with the practice of the founder of communism. Marx once said, what is communism? When it comes to Communist society, when labor comes back to showering and rushing to the end, it is enough to eat and drink and rest in the afternoon.

No longer a burden, it is a kind of enjoyment.

Don't put too much emphasis on experience. Experience is a record of a person's participation in social practice. I often say that I am a famous university, and I have worked in a famous brand company. Actually, that is all in the past. Now I can see if I can do things and practice it.

The ability of society to respect a person most is recognized as a fact today and more in today's society.