Cotton Planting Area In Shandong Has Been Decreasing Continuously And Cotton Farmers' Income Is Not Enough.

< p > at the end of December last year, Gong Xuehai, a cotton grower named "a href=" http://www.91se91.com/news/index_p.asp "> plain" /a "> County town in the former town of Cao, sold 12 mu of cotton in her house at a price of four yuan per catty.

"Anyway, I don't grow it anymore!" he said.

< /p >

< p > in recent years, with the continuous increase of grain prices such as wheat and corn and the excessive rainfall in summer, the output and quality of cotton have been affected. Gong Xuehai feels that the benefits of cotton growing are not as good as a year.

< /p >

< p > < strong > rainfall affected cotton production and price reduction < /strong > < /p >

< p > early August of last year, when the a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > cotton > /a > flowering season, typhoon "Davi" swept across many counties and cities in Lu Zhong and Northern Shandong Province.

Some cotton plants were blown down by strong winds and some were soaked in water. As important cotton producing areas in Shandong Province, Zhanhua and Wudi were severely affected, and many cotton fields were almost extinct.

< /p >

"P >" cotton planting for more than 20 years, in the normal year, mu yield can reach more than 500 Jin. After the typhoon last year, the cotton fields were up to half a meter deep, and the cotton soaked in rain for up to seven or eight days.

20 mu of cotton at home, the output per mu is only about 250 Jin, and the output is only half of that in previous years.

Zhanhua County Botou town official village village cotton farmers Xia Yushan said.

< /p >

< p > according to the data of the Provincial Department of agriculture, about 3700000 acres of cotton fields were hit by the typhoon last year, and 653 thousand mu were cut down. The total output of cotton was 14.1% less than in 2011.

< /p >

< p > compared to the situation in northern Shandong, the situation in Shandong Province is relatively better. According to Ma Junkai, Deputy Secretary General of the Dezhou Cotton Association, the quality and yield of local cotton seed have also decreased a lot in the last ten days of July and early August. It is mostly four and five, with an average yield of 460 kg or so, which is 60 kg less than that in the normal year.

< /p >

Last year, cotton production has become an indisputable fact. Meanwhile, the quality of cotton has been reduced due to the weather. P

According to statistics of Dezhou Cotton Association, three cotton ranks 15% of Dezhou's total output and four grade cotton accounts for 77%.

< /p >

< p > in September last year, the state raised the temporary storage and storage of cotton < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_cj.asp" > price < /a >, lint was 20400 yuan per ton, converted into seed cotton, and each catty was about 4.3-4.4 yuan.

However, due to the low linen percentage of cotton in all parts of the country, the purchase price has remained at 4.05-4.1 yuan per catty.

< /p >

< p > near the Spring Festival, the lint processing of the morning rain agricultural and sideline products Co. Ltd. of Yutai county is coming to an end. Since last September, the factory has acquired more than 8000 tons of processed cotton seed.

According to general manager Yuan Liangguang, since last year, the company's processing of lint is mainly based on national cotton sales.

As the sale of lint is less than three, the price is only 19800 yuan per ton.

< /p >

< p > it is understood that, influenced by many factors such as the economic situation, the small and medium-sized spinning enterprises are still in a state of loss, and the operating rate is insufficient, and about 90% of the lint processing enterprises enter the national reserve cotton bank.

< /p >

< p > < strong > 20 mu cotton yield is only 10000 yuan < /strong > < /p >.

< p > cotton production cycle is long, links are many, mechanized operation rate is low, employment is much, and the working environment is hard.

As labor costs continue to rise, the cost of cotton production and labor increases year by year.

Ma Junkai calculated the benefits of cotton growing in Dezhou. In 2012, the cost of cotton growing in Dezhou continued to rise, and the direct planting cost (excluding labor) amounted to 538 yuan per mu, including 270 yuan for fertilizer, 40 yuan for machine ploughing, 50 yuan for seeds, 80 yuan for pesticides, 15 yuan for raking, 15 yuan for machine sowing, 23 yuan for plastic film, 30 yuan for irrigation, 15 yuan for cotton and wood.

The average yield is 460 yuan per catty, 4 yuan per catty, and the output value of Mu is 1840 yuan.

The cost of direct planting is 538 yuan per mu, and the yield of Mu is 1302 yuan.

< /p >

< p > "if it is dozens of acres of large growers, often need to rent land, the land rent per mu of land costs about 450 yuan, hire people to pick up cotton on an average of 0.65 yuan per catty, Mu need 300 yuan or so.

As a result, the yield of Mu is only 558 yuan, that is, 20 mu of cotton seed is leased, and the net income is only ten thousand yuan.

He said.

< /p >

< p > according to Xia Yushan, the cotton planting season is employed locally, at least 80 yuan a day for labor expenses, and also for the management of meals. The cost of labor is nearly one hundred yuan per day.

< /p >

< p > "fewer and fewer people grow cotton in the village, with an income of up to 1000 yuan per mu.

Planting grain and going to work around the factory will earn at least seventy or eighty yuan a day.

Gong Xuehai said.

{page_break} < /p >

< p > < strong > farmers' enthusiasm for planting cotton has been reduced. Cotton planting area has declined continuously in the past 5 years, < /strong > /p >

< p > Gong Xuehai firmly said that he no longer planted cotton, but this year he left 3 mu of cotton land.

"Cotton has been planted for decades, but it is not ready at all."

In 2011, Gong Xuehai planted cotton area of 30 mu, which was reduced by 90% in two years.

< /p >

< p > "now the grain is basically mechanized from planting to collecting. With the big labor reduction and the time saved out of work, the monthly income is at least one thousand or two thousand yuan, reaching three thousand or four thousand yuan, far more than making cotton and making money faster.

Nowadays farmers, especially young people, are increasingly unwilling to grow cotton.

Ma Junkai said.

< /p >

< p > according to the prediction of Dezhou Cotton Association, the cotton area in Dezhou is expected to be 1 million 100 thousand mu in 2013, which is expected to be reduced by more than 15% over 2012.

In 2008, the cotton planting area in Dezhou was 2 million 900 thousand mu.

< /p >

< p > according to the data of the Provincial Department of agriculture, cotton planting in our province has declined for 5 consecutive years since 2008.

The cotton planting area of the whole province will continue to decline this year. As for the reduction, there is no accurate statistics.

< /p >

< p > last autumn, because of low cotton prices and high labor costs, some cotton farmers in Binzhou, Dongying and other places put cotton in their own land regardless of running away to pick up cotton for others.

"Picking up a pound of cotton for nearly 1 yuan labor cost, skilled pick up workers can pick up nearly 200 pounds a day, a person picked up 2 months of cotton, you can earn almost ten thousand yuan.

It is hard to grow 20 mu of cotton and manage it for a year.

A cotton grower said.

Such cases may be extreme, but they exist in the north of Shandong Province.

< /p >

< p > "if no cotton is planted, where will the farmers pick up the cotton?" said Dong He Zhong, deputy director of the Shandong Cotton Research Center.

< /p >

< p > cotton textile enterprises set up a fixed base to allow small cotton farmers to join the big market. However, due to the long chain of cotton processing industry, few enterprises are involved in the "order" planting cotton, and the road is still far away. < /p >

< p > according to statistics, the total output of cotton in our province was about 650 thousand tons in 2012, and the annual cotton consumption in our province exceeded 4 million tons.

It seems that there is a big gap in the cotton market in the province. Actually, cotton spinning enterprises do not "catch a cold" for cotton in the province.

< /p >

< p > "the gap of cotton in the province is mainly made up of cotton from abroad and Xinjiang.

The quality of imported or pferred cotton is better than that of cotton in the province.

Ma Junkai, Deputy Secretary General of Dezhou Cotton Association, said: "therefore, when people are planting cotton, they should not only look at the local and provincial markets, but also look at the cotton market and prices from the national and global markets."

< /p >

< p > Shandong cotton industry revitalization plan (2011 - 2015) clearly stated: by 2015, the cotton area in the whole province should be stabilized at 12 million mu. Therefore, we should innovate the cotton production and operation mechanism, establish and improve the interest connection mechanism between cotton farmers and enterprises, and improve the production and operation mode of "enterprise + base + farmers", "enterprise + cooperative + peasant household".

To encourage and support textile enterprises to establish raw material production bases in main production areas, to realize the docking of small farmers and large markets, so that cotton farmers can truly participate in production and participate in circulation, and benefit from production, processing and circulation.

< /p >

< p > but from the actual situation, there are few enterprises to build their own planting base in the cotton growing area.

On the one hand, it is related to the natural conditions of cotton growing areas in our province, and the temperature difference between day and night is small in summer, and at the same time, the rainfall is more. The quality of cotton is not as competitive as that of Xinjiang and other places.

More importantly, the economic factors, enterprises built their own base, investment, slow, far less direct import or export cotton cost-effective.

< /p >

< p > "in the cotton industry chain, cotton planting, purchasing processing, spinning and weaving are all independent links. Should enterprises establish high quality cotton bases, should they invest in spinning enterprises or weaving enterprises? If the quality cotton produced by cotton growers and the spinning enterprises are bought at high prices, will the weaving enterprises buy these cotton yarns at high price? These are all problems."

Du Zhongmin, director of the cotton production office in Yutai County, said.

< /p >

< p > "enterprises build their own high quality cotton production base. Even if they sign a contract with cotton growers, the management level of each household is different from the hundreds of thousands of small farmers. How should enterprises supervise the production process of farmers and ensure the quality of seed cotton?" he went on to say.

< /p >

< p > cotton sales are basically chains like cotton growers, street vendors, lint processing and spinning enterprises, weaving enterprises.

If textile enterprises buy cotton to cotton growers at a high price, how can they ensure that the cotton they sell is not adulteration, so that they are shoddy and shoddy, which are all problems to be solved.

< /p >