Three Main Properties Of Textile Fibers

< p > our daily fiber has three main properties: < /p >

< p > 1, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/ > > fiber > /a > moisture absorption < /p >

< p > moisture absorption performance

Textile fibers are placed in the air, which will continuously exchange water vapor with air, that is, textile fibers continuously absorb water vapor in the air, and at the same time continuously release moisture into the air.

The performance of textile fibers in absorbing or releasing water vapor is known as the hygroscopicity of fibers.

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The hygroscopicity of < p > a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > textile fiber < /a > is one of the important physical properties of textile fibers.

The hygroscopicity of textile fibers has a certain effect on the shape, size, weight and physical and mechanical properties of textile fibers, thus affecting the processing and performance of textile fibers.

The moisture absorption capacity of textile fibers also directly affects the wearing comfort of the fabric.

The fiber with high absorbability is easy to absorb sweat from human body, regulate body temperature, relieve wet feeling, and make people feel comfortable.

Therefore, attention should be paid to the hygroscopicity of fibers in commercial trade, fiber performance testing, textile processing and textile selection.

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< p > in common textile fibers, wool, hemp, viscose fiber, silk, cotton and other hygroscopic capacity is strong, the absorbent ability of synthetic fiber is generally poor, of which vinylon and nylon are slightly better in moisture absorption, poor in acrylic fiber, worse in polyester, and almost no wet in polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.

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< p > at present, the synthetic fibers with poor absorbency are often blended with natural fibers or viscose fibers with strong moisture absorption ability to improve the moisture absorption ability of fabrics.

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< p > in the hygroscopicity of the fiber, besides the moisture absorption, the water absorption of the fiber material is also closely related to the wearing comfort of the fabric.

Water absorbency of fibers refers to the performance of fiber absorbing liquid water.

The water vapor and sweat generated by people are mainly absorbed and dispersed by the moisture absorption and water absorption properties of the materials, thus making people feel comfortable.

Generally speaking, the coat is mainly wetted by rainwater, so it is possible to choose the fibers with small water absorbability as the outer garment materials, and the underwear is mainly affected by the unobvious evaporation and sweating of the body, so we should choose the fibers which are hygroscopic and absorbent to be used as underwear materials.

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< p > 2, the mechanical properties of the fiber < /p >

< p > mechanical properties of textile fibers under the action of various external forces and properties of deformation are called mechanical properties of textile fibers.

External forces include stretching, compression, bending, torsion, friction and so on.

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< p > mechanical properties of textile fibers should include fiber strength, elongation, elasticity, wear resistance, elastic modulus and so on.

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< p > fiber strength: fiber strength refers to the ability of fiber to resist external damage. It determines to a large extent the durability of textile products.

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< p > the strength of the fiber can be expressed by the absolute strength of the fiber. It refers to the maximum load that the fiber can bear when it continues to increase its load until it breaks.

Its statutory lecturer is Newton (N) or Newton (cN).

In the past, it was customary to use acrylic or kilogram force.

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< p > because fiber strength is related to fiber thickness, it is absolutely impossible to compare fibers with different thickness. Therefore, the strength of fibers is usually expressed by relative strength.

Relative strength refers to the maximum tensile force per unit line density (per characteristic or per denier) fiber can bear.

The legal unit of measurement is cattle / special (N/tex) or calf / special (cN/tex).

In the past, I used to use acrylic / denier.

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< p > elasticity of fibers: fibers and their products must be subjected to external forces in processing and using and produce corresponding deformation.

When the external force is removed, part of the fiber can be recovered and the other part will not recover.

According to this property of fiber, the deformation of fiber can be divided into three parts, that is, the deformation that can be recovered immediately after the removal of external force is called "acute elastic deformation". When the external force is removed, the deformation that can be recovered slowly is called slow elastic deformation; after the external force is removed, the deformation that can not be recovered is called plastic deformation.

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< p > elasticity of fiber refers to the ability of fiber to recover from deformation.

The commonly used index that indicates the elasticity of fiber is the elastic recovery rate or rebound rate of fiber.

It refers to the percentage of total elastic deformation and elastic deformation at a certain time.

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< p > the elastic recovery rate of the fiber is high, and the elasticity of the fiber is good, and the ability of deformation recovery is strong.

The textiles made from elastic fibers are of good dimensional stability and are not easy to wrinkle and wear resistant during the use.

For example, polyester has excellent elasticity, and its garments are characterized by crisp and wearable properties.

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< p > abrasion resistance of fibers: wear and tear of fibers and their products due to constant friction during processing and actual use.

The wear resistance of fibers is the ability of fibers to withstand external wear.

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< p > the abrasion resistance of fibers is closely related to the fastness of textile products.

Wear resistance is an important indicator of clothing wear performance.

The wear resistance of fiber is related to the macromolecular structure, supramolecular structure, elongation at break and elasticity.

The order of wear resistance of common fibers is as follows: < /p >

< p > nylon > polypropylene fiber > polyvinyl chloride > ethylene fiber > polyester > acrylic fiber > polyvinyl chloride > wool > silk > cotton > hemp > rich fiber > copper ammonia fiber > viscose fiber > acetate fiber > glass fiber.

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< p > elastic modulus of fibers: elastic modulus of fibers, also known as "initial modulus", refers to the ratio of stress and strain of a straight line beginning on the fiber tensile curve.

In practical calculation, it is generally desirable to obtain the elastic modulus of a fiber at a point of elongation of 1% on the load elongation curve.

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< p > the size of fiber elastic modulus indicates the difficulty of fiber under small load. It reflects the rigidity of fibers and is closely related to the properties of fabrics.

When other conditions are same, the elastic modulus of the fiber is large, and the fabric is stiff; otherwise, the elastic modulus is small, and the fabric is soft.

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< p > 3, the chemical resistance of fiber < /p >

< p > the chemical resistance of fibers is the resistance of fibers to the destruction of various chemicals.

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< p > fiber will be exposed to water, acid, alkali, salt and other chemicals in the process of < a href= "http://www.91se91.com" > textile dyeing and finishing < /a >. At the same time, fiber products will also be exposed to various chemicals such as detergents and finishing agents during their use.

Therefore, as a textile fiber, it must have certain chemical resistance to meet the requirements of textile dyeing and finishing and product use.

In addition, only by understanding the chemical resistance of various textile fibers can we reasonably choose the proper processing conditions and correctly use all kinds of fiber products.

< /p > < p > in all kinds of textile fibers, cellulose fiber has strong resistance to alkali and weak resistance to acids.

The chemical resistance of protein fiber is different from that of cellulose fiber. Its resistance to acid is stronger than that of alkali. Protein fiber can be operated in different degrees in strong alkali or weak base, and even cause decomposition.

Synthetic fiber has stronger chemical resistance than natural fibers, such as polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, which are excellent in acid and alkali resistance.

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