The Peak Period Of Textile Production And Marketing Is Constrained By The Lack Of Raw Materials.

Reporter from China Spin People from the industry association were informed that the NDRC had recently consulted on the cotton system reform plan, which mainly included abolishing the system of collection and storage and implementing direct subsidy policy. Next, after formulating specific pilot projects, Xinjiang will officially test the water in the pilot area.

" Cotton collection and storage Policy must be "brakes". Du Min, a researcher at the Ministry of agriculture's Rural Economic Research Center, believes that the current cost of collecting and storing policies is too high, and in the process of implementation, the "three high" problems of high price, high price and high inventory in the cotton market have been created.

According to China Cotton Association's cotton planting intention survey data at the beginning of this year, the cotton planting area in China has been the lowest in 10 years. At the same time, domestic and foreign cotton price difference is as high as 4000 yuan / ton.

　　 The death of textile industry

8, September is textile industry The peak period of traditional production and marketing. However, in Hangzhou, some factories that do foreign trade have to stop part of the production line.

"Customers' transfer of orders to Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries is becoming more and more prominent. Due to the influence of manpower and cost, the international competitiveness of domestic textile is becoming weaker and weaker." Lin Yan, Department Manager of Hangzhou light industry craft textiles import and Export Co., Ltd., told reporters.

In fact, Southeast Asian countries are enjoying about 15806 yuan / ton of low-priced and high-quality cotton, and when the order is worked overtime, the domestic textile enterprises have to buy high and inferior mixed national storage cotton at a price of more than 4000 yuan / ton.

"Cotton accounts for 70% of the total cost of spinning enterprises. If we use domestic cotton spinning, the cost per ton of cotton yarn products will be several thousand yuan, and the average cost of cotton yarn per ton is 30 thousand yuan, and the overpayment cost will be more than 10%. Such a price gap makes it impossible for us to compete in the international market, not to mention the United States, Australia, and even India. Ma Xiaojun, general manager of Jiangsu Dasheng group, told reporters.

As the price of storage and storage increased, the cost of small businesses increased, resulting in a 20% to 30% drop in capacity last year. Shandong, Dezhou, Heze and Henan Anyang and other places, less than 30 thousand spindles of production capacity Cotton textile enterprises At the beginning of the year, 50% stopped production. Only large textile enterprises that have the quota for purchasing imported cotton live well.

Quotas only exist in large enterprises, and 3 tons of domestic cotton must be purchased in order to obtain 1 tons of imported cotton quotas. The price of quotas has been rising again and again. Lin Yan said.

Gao Yong, vice president of China Textile Industry Federation, found that in the past six months last year, the cotton price difference at home and abroad was maintained at around 6000 yuan / ton, and the price of cotton in China was higher than that in the international market. China has adopted a quota system for cotton imports, and cotton yarn imports have not been implemented with quotas and other similar systems. They are not subject to import restrictions. After the first processing, cotton is made into cotton yarn products. From the perspective of industrial chain, a large number of imported cotton yarn resulted in a large number of spinning enterprises at the front end of the industrial chain.

Either merger, shutting down, changing or closing down. Since the implementation of the cotton purchase and storage policy in 2011, textile enterprises are experiencing a life and death catastrophe. And why is the policy of stabilizing cotton prices and protecting the interests of all parties in the market less than 3 years?

　 The policy of collecting and storing is "dead end".

New cotton comes into the market every year in September. As soon as it enters August, cotton traders start to bustle about.

In accordance with the domestic cotton spot market price of the highest price of 19400 yuan / ton, cotton traders from cotton farmers hand cotton, processed into lint, in accordance with the 20400 yuan / ton storage price directly into the national treasury, easy to earn a lot of money.

In contrast, Wang Chunmin, a villager in the Wangjia village of Wudi County, Binzhou, Shandong, is hesitant to grow cotton next year. The land in this village is very salinized. For decades, villagers have been living on cotton. But this year, the once "cotton nest" has not had many species of cotton. A local cotton processing enterprise owner said: "cotton planting area will be reduced by at least 1/4 this year."

Cotton prices have not been sold for two consecutive years, and natural disasters happen again and again. "If one mu of land is not cut down, it will earn two hundred or three hundred yuan." Wang Chunmin complained to reporters.

Cotton is the longest growing field of staple crops in the field. With the complexity of technology, the number of labor force, the intensity of labor and the degree of mechanization, the actual income of farmers growing cotton has gradually decreased in recent years. According to China Cotton Association In February, cotton planting survey data showed that cotton planting area in China was 68 million 160 thousand mu this year, down 6.8% compared with the same period last year, the lowest record in 10 years.

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This is probably not expected at the beginning of the policy.

Under the current cotton purchase and storage system, state subsidies are returned to farmers through circulation enterprises. But in practice, the government can only get 1 yuan for every subsidy of 4 yuan, and only the circulation enterprise will benefit from it. Although the state has taken into account the interests of protecting cotton farmers and maintaining the competitiveness of textile exports, the annual input is also increasing. However, from the actual results, cotton growers have not benefited significantly, and the textile industry has been accidentally injured, and the international competitiveness of the industrial chain has been greatly weakened.

Even without considering the industry problem, stocks are facing a crisis. Statistics show that from September 2011 to March 2013, China accumulated 9 million 636 thousand and 700 tons of cotton, including 47% of the total cotton output in 2011, and 90% of the total cotton output in 2012. If we add this year's storage capacity, cotton stocks will reach about 14 million tons. According to projections of 20000 yuan per ton, the state funds will be occupied at around 280 billion yuan, plus capital interest and warehousing costs, and the loss of high and low turnover of national cotton reserves.

"Large scale purchasing and storage has occupied a large amount of capital, which has brought enormous pressure on inventory. Although it has saved relatively fragile cotton production in the short term, it has also weakened the role of market mechanism in regulating itself." Jinshi futures analyst Yang Guoqi told the "China Times" reporter.

　　 Dawn of cotton farmers

The government has begun to take action to reform the system of collecting and storing "stricter than planned economy".

At present, in view of the 2014/2015 cotton season policy, relevant parties have launched research activities, and the policy plan will be submitted to the NDRC at the end of the year. Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance and China textile industry The Federation and other relevant departments have also conducted research on the direct subsidy policy.

According to a person familiar with the matter, "the lobbying party that leads the cotton farmers' direct subsidy to the temporary purchase and storage" believes that in order to ensure the enthusiasm of cotton growers, the cotton planting area and the stable cotton prices, the state's purchasing and storage policy should be preserved, and the designed storage and storage price will be maintained near the planting costs. The cotton farmers' direct subsidy policy needs to consider the WTO rules and the domestic financial environment, and the direct subsidy amount will not be set too high.

"Direct subsidy is not a good way, but at the present stage, this is the fastest way to change the existing system." Gao Yong told the "China Times" reporter. Zhang Hongzhou, general manager of China Galaxy Futures Company's cotton industry department, believes that if cotton purchase and storage is converted to direct subsidy, the domestic cotton price will gradually return to the market and be in line with the international cotton price. This also means the end of the state's "bottom up" behavior of cotton prices.

"Cotton direct subsidy policy on textiles clothing Industry is a good thing, but if the direct subsidy policy is not put in place, it does not fundamentally protect the interests of cotton farmers and stabilize cotton production. Instead, it may cause the cotton price to fluctuate greatly due to the large fluctuation of cotton supply. Galaxy futures analyst Chen Xiaoyan said.

As the cotton planting area is scattered and the area is unknown, how does the direct subsidy fund ensure the subsidy to the farmers in the hands of Planting Farmers? Specifically, according to Mu supplement or quantity subsidy, the departments concerned seem to have no comprehensive measures for the time being.

"If Xinjiang is experimenting, it will form a" dual track system "with other regional policies. In Xinjiang, cotton direct subsidy will be implemented in other regions, which will lead to arbitrage in the market. However, if other areas do not receive the purchase and storage, there will be no subsidy, which will greatly affect the enthusiasm of cotton growers. These are all questions to consider. " Yang Guoqi said.

Du min suggested that the cotton system reform should carry out the "three steps": first, we should do a good job of subsidies to cotton farmers, including direct subsidies, agricultural subsidies, improved seed subsidies and agricultural subsidies; two, reform the minimum purchase price policy, such as the implementation of target price and counter cyclical subsidies; three, strengthen agricultural insurance, and protect the interests of cotton farmers when encountering major disasters.

But for market participants, change is not necessarily so complicated. Can we solve this problem if we do not go straight to cotton subsidies and let processing quotas loose? Textile enterprises And agriculture is living in a fair and market-oriented environment. This is a rule. The textile industry is not good, and cotton farmers have no good days. The market always needs to be nurtured. Zhan Lingzhi, chairman of Huamao Group.