Urban Energy Consumption Is Serious. Is It Necessary To Levy Pollution Tax?

< p > in the decision, the system of ecological civilization is emphasized.

In fact, under the situation of a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_cj.asp" > energy < /a > increasingly depleted, low carbon economy has become a major trend of world economic development.

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< p > Pan Jiahua said, in fact, the key to low carbon cities lies in the establishment of urban system. The rational spatial pattern and quantitative structure are very important for low carbon livability. "If our urban system is irrational and unreasonable, the result will be high carbon."

For example, he said, for example, the excessive expansion of large and megacities, the cost of pportation and the maintenance cost of infrastructure can only be high carbon.

Therefore, this pattern itself creates a kind of locking effect, which leads to the consequences of high carbon and is hard to reverse.

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< p > this requires the government to make corresponding adjustments in the management planning of regional development.

For example, Japan has had a decentralization plan in the early years to reduce energy consumption, which is worth learning. Therefore, low carbon cities must jump out of low carbon itself. Low carbon cities are not technological problems, but they are actually problems of thinking and planning.

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< p > < strong > build an eco city to avoid "pseudo low carbon" < /strong > /p >

< p > at present, many cities in China have built "a href=" http://www.91se91.com/news/index_h.asp "low carbon < /a > eco city as an effective way to achieve emission reduction targets.

In order to improve the land utilization rate, many cities have been building upsurge.

Pan Jiahua once suggested that, for example, the planning of the "sky city" in Changsha, which is 838 meters high, the land intensive degree seems to be very high. But raising every ton of water from the ground to 838 meters requires a lot of fossil energy. This is false intensive.

The real low-carbon city should be clean environmental quality and ecological protection, convenient and comfortable pportation system, green building suitable for living, clean and efficient low-carbon energy, and healthy and rational life style.

In particular, he stressed that the construction of "a href=" http://www.91se91.com/business/ "eco city" /a must avoid "pseudo low carbon".

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In the future, the state will further speed up the pace of urbanization. Will it lead to more energy consumption? Pan Jiahua said that some people said that urbanization is an increase in energy consumption, but in fact, the scale effect and agglomeration effect brought by urbanization can reduce energy consumption. P

The calculation shows that under the same living standard, the energy consumption level of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents. The consumption level of urban residents is higher than that of rural residents, so the energy consumption is also high. In the short term, urbanization may bring about the increase of energy consumption, but in the long run, urbanization is the reduction of energy consumption and low carbon.

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< p > < strong > public service benefits everyone. < /strong > /p >

< p > what areas need further reform in the future?

He said, first of all, the reform of the public service market is lagging behind, and there are still many dual track systems. "For kindergartens, many kindergartens belong to financial appropriations. Some public kindergartens are government subsidies, and some private kindergartens should be described as unfair competition."

If we say this is a public product, fair and equitable provision of such services, we should provide social services under a unified legal system. It should benefit every ordinary people, not to benefit a certain part of the people. This is what our market needs to do. "

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< p > ecological and environmental protection is Pan Jiahua's research direction, and he emphasized it.

Because there is a market failure problem in the field of ecology and environmental protection, on the one hand, government supervision is needed, and the allocation of environmental resources can also be taken into account. For example, Kyoto protocol can deal with carbon dioxide emissions. So many health services and water resources, if the market is allocated, may be much higher than the government regulation and allocation efficiency.

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< p > < strong > pollution tax must be fiscal neutral < /strong > < /p >.

< p > pollution control has become a more and more popular topic.

Lou Jiwei, a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_cj.asp", Minister of finance /a, recently mentioned to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress that the next step would be to expand the scope of the consumption tax levy and to include some products that seriously pollute the environment and over consume resources.

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Prior to interview with Pan Jiahua P, it was also necessary to impose a pollution tax on enterprises.

He said that from the point of view of economics, pollution tax is the most effective way to oppose the internalization of external costs. It has two meanings: on the one hand, it can reduce pollution; on the other hand, it can increase tax burden and protect state revenue.

However, he believes that after the Levy of the pollution tax, we need to reduce the tax burden of other enterprises, otherwise the enterprises will bear a higher tax burden. In this sense, the pollution tax must be fiscal neutral.

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