The High Cost Of Equipment Makes The Textile And Textile Enterprises A Great Pressure To Survive.

Pan Axiang, who runs a textile enterprise in Shaoxing, is still weighing. If the machine changes, the cost of one-time equipment will increase the profits of the original small profits enterprises. But if they do not change, the rising labor cost may also lead the enterprises to be eliminated.

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< p > Pan Axiang's business is located in Keqiao District of Shaoxing. It is known as the "sunrise Hua Hua Wan silk".

Nowadays, Keqiao is known as "a city on the cloth". Its annual sales of tens of billions of dollars make it the largest "a" target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" in Asia, and the textile and /a distribution center.

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< p > reporters learned that the total area of Keqiao is only 1080 square kilometers, and the textile industry has brought about a rolling financial resource for this small town.

The textile industry accounts for more than 60% of the total industry in Keqiao. In 2013 1~11, the industrial output value of above scale was 320 billion 990 million yuan, of which the output value of large scale textile industry reached 187 billion 654 million yuan.

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< p > however, in recent years, with the rising cost of labor and energy and the increasingly prominent environmental issues, the small town with the characteristics of light textile industry is facing great challenges.

Machine substitution has become the "savior" of Keqiao's light textile enterprises. However, with the popularity of machine replacement, the pressure of light textile enterprises is increasing. Gao Anhong, deputy general manager of Huamao Chemical Fiber Co., admitted that although the trend is the trend, the cost of disposable equipment purchase and subsequent maintenance, plus the meager profits, makes the textile enterprises' survival pressure huge. "No way, they are forced out."

Gao said.

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< p > < strong > machine substitution for labor shortage < /strong > < /p >

< p > from the Hangzhou 104 National Road to the East, passing the Xiaoshan area is Shaoxing Keqiao area.

There are more than 3 kinds of fabrics here, with 100 thousand passenger trips per day, 173 products sold to 173 countries and regions, 273 permanent resident representative offices, and 2000 overseas resident buyers.

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< p > however, as a labor-intensive industry, the rising cost of labor and the shortage of labor have become a magic spell on the head of Keqiao's textile industry.

Against this background, Shaoxing is the only city in Zhejiang to undertake comprehensive pformation and upgrading of industrial pformation and upgrading.

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< p > take the Shaoxing Huamao Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Huamao chemical fibre) as an example. The company is a large bomb factory specializing in the production of polyester fiber. It has an annual production capacity of 150 thousand tons of polyester and stretch yarn. At present, it has more than 1000 employees, and labor shortage has been a nightmare for the company.

However, in recent years, with the gradual promotion of industrial technology pformation and upgrading, intelligent machines are increasingly involved in the daily production activities of Huamao chemical fiber.

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< p > Gao Anhong said that the company purchased a lot of imported bombs, including 46 imported from Germany, and 42 from the Japanese company TMT 33H. Now it has invested about 30000000 yuan.

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< p > in fact, the substitution of Huamao chemical fibre machine is not an example.

Data show that at present, there are more than 3400 chemical fiber production enterprises in Keqiao District, forming a complete industrial chain and market production and marketing system from PTA, polyester, chemical fiber raw materials, weaving, dyeing and finishing to < a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/", "clothing /a", home textiles, and the upper and lower reaches of these industries are labor intensive.

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< p > data from the Keqiao economic and information bureau to the daily economic news show that Keqiao district has been encouraging enterprises to invest in the technological pformation and upgrading of equipment and innovation, and to implement machine replacement. In 2013 1~11 months, the investment in machine replacement in the whole region was 18 billion 472 million yuan, an increase of 55.9% over the same period, accounting for 72.7% of the total industrial investment. In the future, investment in machinery replacement will be further increased.

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< p > Tan Jianrong, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, believes that in Zhejiang or in the whole country, machine substitution is the trend of the times. Zhejiang has characterized the regional economy for many years, mainly in the middle and low-end industries. There are not many real independent innovation products. Now it is in the stage of economic downturn and the high-speed development of science and technology. Improving the content of science and technology is the only way out for Zhejiang's economic pformation and upgrading.

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< p > < strong > the contradiction of employment structure is prominent, < /strong > < /p >

< p > Gao Anhong said that the company promoted the substitution of machines for the purpose of relieving labor shortages and completing new orders and enhancing the competitiveness of products. "The original machine used many people, always bad and slow."

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< p > machine substitution, in the view of Zhou Rusheng, director of Keqiao economic and Information Bureau, is the seventh revolution of Keqiao textile industry, which is intelligent. Before that, Keqiao textile industry has experienced the revolution of innovation and information brought about by the introduction of spinning machine, shuttle free revolution, state owned privatization, international revolution and design talents.

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< p > Zhou Rusheng told reporters that the textile industry as a traditional labor-intensive manufacturing industry, with the gradual disappearance of demographic dividend, urgently needed advanced equipment to pform manufacturing mode, and machine substitution can not only effectively improve production efficiency, but also change the poor coordination of production processes and low quality stability.

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< p > in fact, as a big province of manufacturing industry, Zhejiang's industrial upgrading and upgrading have been undermining.

A survey of machine substitutions from the Hangzhou Municipal Commission on economy and information shows that 32 of the 84 Enterprises above Designated Size have urgent needs for machine substitutions, and another 46 enterprises say they will carry out machine substitutions under the government's incentive.

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In the early days of P, Li Qiang, governor of Zhejiang Province, formally put forward the "four change project" of the industrial pformation and upgrading. The replacement of machines was one of them. (other three exchange refers to "cage changing birds", "space for land exchange" and "electricity supplier changing the market"). By November 2013, the Zhejiang economic and Information Commission said that the 555 machine replacement program will be launched, that is, 5000 items of machine replacement projects will be implemented every year in the next five years, and 500 billion yuan will be completed for technical pformation.

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< p > statistics released by Zhejiang Statistical Bureau show that most of the enterprises in the province are engaged in traditional industries and labor-intensive industries, which rely on cheap and low-end labor force for a long time.

With the pformation and upgrading of the economy and the promotion of machine substitution, the current situation of enterprises relying on cheap labor has changed, and the employment gap has been alleviated to a certain extent.

According to the monitoring data of the employment situation of Zhejiang Employment Bureau, the labor shortage rate dropped from 4% in June 2011 to 2.18% in June 2013.

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Less than P, however, this is in sharp contrast to the fact that the rate of unemployment has increased as machine substitution has reduced dependence on labour.

According to the monitoring data of Zhejiang Statistical Bureau, the registered unemployment rate has been stable around 3% in recent years, but the trend has been increasing since 2013.

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< p > the above monitoring data also show that the contradiction of employment structure is prominent.

Transformation and upgrading and machine substitution have reduced the dependence of economic development on the low labor force outside the province. At the same time, the requirements for the quality of employees have been markedly improved, and the gap between skilled workers and professional technicians has increased significantly, accounting for 22.22% of the total number of workers who lack employment.

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< p > strong > expensive equipment purchase and maintenance cost < /strong > /p >

< p > although in the long run, machine substitution is the general trend of the development of manufacturing industry, some enterprises are full of doubts.

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< p > Gao Anhong told reporters that the company replaced people by machine, employing 1/4 less and 200 less. According to the current stage of enterprise wages, social security and housing provident fund, enterprises should pay 45 thousand yuan to a worker every year, and 200 people will be 9 million yuan.

However, in order to reduce this part of the labor force, the company purchased machinery and equipment has reached 30 million yuan, nearly 4 times the cost of the former.

Reporter survey found that this situation also occurred in other textile enterprises in Keqiao.

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< p >, however, Gao Anhong understands that the 30 million yuan is a one-time investment, and labor costs will increase every year.

He believes that with the reduction of labor and mechanical automation, the quality and stability of the products will be improved, and the production efficiency of the company will be greatly improved, thereby enabling them to undertake more orders, which will further enhance the competitiveness of the company.

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< p > despite the advantages of machine substitution, Gao Anhong admits, but the one-time input cost and later maintenance cost can not be ignored.

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< p > Pan Axiang's light textile mill is also a labor-intensive enterprise. His old workshop workshop has not yet used mechanical arms. The polyester filament is manually pported and packaged. It is also the 18 production line, almost 200 people. In the new factory area, every process of blowing, combing and drawing is automatically completed by the machine. Each line needs only a few workers to take care of the machine.

Pan Axiang is now entangled in whether the old factory area also realizes machine replacement.

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< p > in fact, as the machine becomes more and more popular, the pressure of local textile enterprises in Shaoxing is bigger and bigger. On the one hand, the purchasing cost of machines is higher and higher; on the other hand, the profit of textile industry is getting lower and lower, which makes it more difficult for textile enterprises to rely on small profits and many sales.

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< p > in addition, Pan Axiang hesitated. In actual production process, although the machine replacement increased production efficiency, but it lacked flexibility. Before relying on manpower, if the economic situation is not good and orders are not good, the production can be reduced through holidays or layoffs.

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< p > in addition, machine substitution has a strong dependence on power resources, while the power gap of Zhejiang province has been relatively large.

According to the forecast of the power grid plan of the State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Corporation in 12th Five-Year, by 2015, the maximum load and power consumption will reach 71 million 650 thousand kilowatts and 418 billion 200 million kwh in 2015 respectively, with an annual average growth of 9.5% and 8.4% respectively. By 2020, the maximum load and power consumption in Zhejiang will reach 91 million 860 thousand kilowatts and 530 billion 200 million kwh respectively.

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< p > "these machines can not be shut down generally. What we are more concerned about is the power restriction measures for the summer peak."

Pan Axiang said.

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< p > data show that in 2013, the maximum load demand of Zhejiang electric calling was about 56 million kilowatts. Under extreme high temperature, Zhejiang power grid had a maximum power shortage of 3 million kilowatts, of which 1 billion 58 million kilowatt hours of electricity in July 4, 2013 reached a record high, equivalent to 2.5 days of generating capacity of Three Gorges power station.

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< p > Pan Axiang said that although the replacement of machines has solved the problem of labor shortage, it is too dependent on power resources.

"There are a few large and medium-sized enterprises that have the ability to carry out machine substitutions. For more small and medium micro a href=" http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp "> Enterprise < /a >, they are constrained by the cost of equipment investment, maintenance and electricity consumption, and can only hope for the best.

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