National Risk Analysis Report - Kazakhstan

　　 country risk Reference rating 5 (5/9) level

National risk outlook stable

Economic and trade risks

In 2012, Kazakhstan's nominal GDP1931.0 billion dollars, the actual growth rate was 5%, the per capita GDP was 11440 dollars, and foreign trade was 138 billion 730 million dollars.

Since 2010, Kazakhstan's economy has been growing steadily and its economic indicators are relatively good. Oil and gas resources are still the main driving force for economic growth. In the next two years, the steady growth of its national economy will continue. In 2012, under the influence of the global economic weakness, the economic growth rate dropped to 5%, but it still showed a basically stable growth trend. Oil and natural gas exports remain the main driving force for economic growth.

In 2012, Kazakhstan's inflation rate reached 5.1%, a sharp decrease compared with 2011. According to the prediction of the central bank, Kazakhstan, 2013 Inflation rate It will be in the interval of 6.2%~6.4%. On the other hand, from the data released by the government of Kazakhstan, the inflation rate in the first half of 2013 is only 2.7%, which is at a low level, which is conducive to the completion of the annual control target.

　　 business environment

Since independence, Kazakhstan has persisted in attracting foreign investment strategy, coupled with abundant natural resources, stable domestic politics and rapid economic growth. investment environment As a whole, the economy has been improving and the degree of economic exportability has been improving. In the 2013 business environment report released by the world bank, Kazakhstan ranked forty-ninth in 185 economies, ranking first in Central Asian countries.

The positive factors of Kazakhstan's investment environment include the government's welcome attitude towards foreign investment, stable domestic political situation and abundant natural resources. The negative factors that affect foreign investment in Kazakhstan include some laws and regulations are not sound enough, infrastructure construction is insufficient, the government lacks experience and enthusiasm in attracting investment, licenses are difficult to handle, taxes and fees are various, officials corrupt and corruption is serious, local enterprises are not reputable, and professional labor is scarce.

　 bilateral trade

Since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and Kazakhstan in the past 20 years, China Kazakhstan relations have always maintained a healthy and stable development momentum. Especially after the establishment of a strategic partnership in July 2005, bilateral relations have been developing rapidly. In September 2013, President Xi Jinping paid a state visit to Kazakhstan, which helped to further deepen the bilateral relations. Kazakhstan has become China's second largest trading partner after Russia in the CIS region. The two countries plan to increase bilateral trade volume to 40 billion US dollars in 2015. China's imports from Kazakhstan are mainly energy or raw materials, and the commodities exported to Kazakhstan are mainly garments and accessories, mechanical and electrical products and footwear.

In 2010, when Kazakhstan joined the customs union of Russia, Kazakhstan and Kazakhstan, the import cost was gradually increased according to the requirements of the customs union. In addition, in recent years, the "gray customs clearance" has been cleared up, and the intensity of the customs corruption has been intensified. The adjustment of these trade measures has increased the difficulty and cost of the clearance of goods between China and Kazakhstan.

　　 Overall risk assessment

Internally, we must constantly optimize the economic structure through vigorously developing resource intensive processing and non resource areas, and expanding international cooperation space by seeking balance between the East and West and joining the customs union. At the same time, the government has vigorously promoted economic diversification. The various development strategies already formulated are being implemented step by step, and the ability to resist external risks will gradually increase in the future.