Technical Guidance For Cotton Production Management In Late 2019

Ministry of agriculture and rural cotton expert guidance group

National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center

At present, China's cotton has gradually entered the maturity period. In order to enhance the cotton field's late field management guidance and promote cotton production quality and efficiency, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, together with the Ministry of agriculture and rural cotton expert guidance group, put forward the following technical guidance according to the current cotton growth and climate characteristics and different planting patterns in different cotton regions.

1. Spring sowing cotton fields in one season

(1) field management. In the later stage of early senescence cotton field, there are two times of growth. Late stubble and long cotton fields advocate removing empty branches and old leaves to prevent field loss. For cotton fields with slight lodging, it is possible to push plants and ridges to improve ventilation and light transmittance in the field. Meanwhile, weed such as tall weeds and Cuscuta should be removed in time.

(two) spraying fertilizer on the leaf surface. The cotton fields with the effect of flooding or waterlogging and signs of premature aging can be sprayed with foliar fertilizer, with commercial foliar fertilizer or 3% urea solution plus 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, sprayed once every 5-7 days for 2-3 times. It is necessary not to spray fertilizer on the leaves of cotton fields with defoliation, ripening and mechanical harvesting. The spraying time should be cloudy or dusk in order to avoid burning leaves. In order to reduce labor, foliar spraying fertilizer can be combined with spraying chemical pesticides.

(three) pest control. Efforts should be made to prevent and control pests in the cotton field, such as cotton planthoppers, cotton bugs, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua, and so on.

(four) cotton growing area in Xinjiang. The canopy structure prevents the cotton fields from being overgrown by Yu Bi. Two is to strengthen the comprehensive management of disaster prevention and reduction, focusing on the prevention and control of cotton bollworm, cotton bug, spider mite and boll disease, especially in the extreme disaster weather such as hail and rain. The three is to strengthen the management of defoliation and ripening. According to the cotton bolting rate and climatic conditions, spraying the defoliation ripener at the right time; four, strengthening harvesting management, clearing field litter, residual film and drip irrigation fittings before harvesting, harvesting the cotton field with a leaf removal rate of more than 93%, and bolting at a rate of 95% or more. First, we should strengthen the management of fertilizer and water based on the promotion of early maturing. After topping, we can shape the reasonable yield structure and population in cotton fields through chemical control.

Two. Seedling transplanting cotton fields

(1) timely control. In late maturing cotton fields, when most bolls reach 70%-80% (i.e. more than 45 days), and the highest temperature of 3-5 days is above 20 C (usually around mid October), they should be promptly ripened and treated with 40% ethephon water of 200 ml / mu, spraying 40-50 kg / mu of water, so that the upper and lower leaves of cotton plants are evenly distributed.

(two) prevention and control of diseases and pests. Measures such as increasing potash fertilizer, draining waterlogging, reducing foliage and applying foliar fertilizer to prevent the occurrence of "two wilt"; for the cotton fields with serious disease and serious diseases, the measures of root irrigation and dissection of plants were adopted. Enhance field ventilation, light, drainage and stain to prevent rotten bells. Boll disease during boll opening period is easy to cause rotten bolls. It can be sprayed with 200 times of Bordeaux or 50% times of zinc wettable powder 600 times, spraying 1 times every l0-15 days for 3-4 consecutive times. We should focus on the prevention and control of Spodoptera litura and Bemisia tabaci, and use adult sex attractant to trap and kill them. The occurrence period of larvae can be controlled by biological agents such as nuclear polyhedrosis virus insecticides and so on. The best control period should be selected in the 2 instar larvae which have not yet been dispersed, and carry out low volume spraying. Besides the plants should be evenly distributed, the ground near the rhizosphere of plants should also be sprayed to prevent the larvae from falling to the ground to leak. When the amount of Bemisia tabaci was larger than 3 head / square centimeter, spray with 50% times of 50% eneniac soluble granula.

(three) disaster reduction and recovery. We should pay close attention to the impact of typhoons and other meteorological disasters, and take effective measures to prevent and reduce disasters. After typhoon rainstorm, it is necessary to timely drainage, reduce and soak the cotton plants and fix the roots properly. According to the situation of post disaster cotton plants, we can combine with the root topdressing to restore growth. At the same time, it is timely harvesting that the best harvest time is about 1 weeks after the boll shell cracking.

Three. Direct seeding cotton field after wheat (oil).

(1) nutrient supply. After cotton (oil), there were more bolls in the upper part of direct seeding cotton. In the middle of September, the foliar fertilizer should be sprayed in the middle of September, and 2% of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate could be sprayed directly.

(two) scientific control. After the wheat (oil), the direct seeding cotton was concentrated in flowering and boll setting. In the first ten days of October, a fine and dry weather was selected. The whole field was sprayed with 40-50 kg / mu of water and 200-300 g / mu of 40% ethephon water and 30-40 g / mu of tirphon powder. The defoliation ripener is ready for use now, and should be sprayed 8 hours after spraying. Spray should be evenly sprayed, so that the upper and lower leaves of the cotton plant will be evenly distributed to the whole cotton plant. For cotton fields with late maturity or delayed spraying, appropriate dosage should be increased. After defoliation and ripening treatment, concentrate on 15-20 days in general.

(three) disaster prevention and reduction. Drought cotton fields should be irrigated timely. In case of heavy rain caused by typhoon rainstorms, reinforcement and restoration management should be strengthened. Later, we should focus on prevention and control of pests and diseases such as red spider and Helicoverpa armigera.