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Data Shows: Analysis On The Development Status And Trend Of Cross Border E-Commerce In China

2021/8/3 15:06:00 0

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　　 ? Cross border e-commerce refers to an international business activity in which the transaction subjects belonging to different customs areas reach transactions, conduct electronic payment settlement through e-commerce platform, and deliver goods through cross-border e-commerce logistics and remote warehousing, so as to complete the transaction. In short, it is to conduct foreign trade import and export business through cross-border e-commerce platform. This paper makes a brief analysis on the development status of cross-border e-commerce trade and the future development trend of cross-border e-commerce export. The cross-border e-commerce mainly includes B2B and B2C.

　　 Development of new cross border e-commerce formats

　　 Rapid development of cross border e-commerce trade

　　 In recent years, the scale of cross-border e-commerce in China has grown rapidly. According to the data of China Customs, in 2020, the import and export list checked and released by the customs cross-border e-commerce management platform will reach 2.45 billion, with a year-on-year increase of 63.3%, and the import and export volume will reach 1.7 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 31.1%. Compared with 2015, the import and export list has increased 10 times in five years. According to relevant information from the Ministry of Commerce, China's foreign trade comprehensive service enterprises have exceeded 1500, and the number of overseas warehouses exceeds 1900 (90% of which are in North America, Europe and Asia). From January to June 2021, China's cross-border e-commerce import and export volume reached 886.7 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 28.6%, including export of 603.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 44.1%, 5.5 percentage points higher than the growth rate of national goods trade export in the same period. Since 2015, the State Council has set up 105 cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zones in five batches, covering the whole country from a regional perspective, forming a cross-border e-commerce development pattern of land-based, domestic and overseas linkage and east-west two-way mutual aid.

　　 From the perspective of cross-border e-commerce structure, in the cross-border trade under customs supervision in 2019, B2B transaction scale accounts for about 80% and B2C accounts for about 20%; The eastern coastal areas are in the leading position, and the scale of Guangdong Province is far higher than that of other provinces and cities; The main body of cross-border export trade has gradually evolved from a large-scale e-commerce platform to a brand enterprise, paying more attention to consumers as the core and data flow as the driving force; Improve product quality and innovation, strengthen the rapid response ability of supply chain, and improve logistics efficiency and control.

　　 The export platform is in the transition stage of "growth period maturity period"

　　 The competition pattern of import cross-border e-commerce is relatively clear. In 2019, Taoxi platform (tmall global + Netease Koala) will occupy the absolute leading position with 52.1% market share. On the whole, the export cross-border e-commerce has not yet formed a stable development pattern. The main modes of platform e-commerce, independent station and three-party platform sellers are in full bloom with low concentration. They are in the transitional period of breeding various types of head e-commerce. There are many subjects participating in the competition, and a considerable part of them will be eliminated.

　　 Under the B2B mode of export e-commerce, platform e-commerce is in the leading position at this stage, providing online trading and negotiation platform for export enterprises and overseas purchasers to earn commission remuneration, such as Alibaba international station, Dunhuang website, etc. Under the B2C mode of export e-commerce, there are large-scale platforms such as Amazon and fastcom, sellers of tripartite platforms such as Anke innovation and Aoji technology, and independent station sellers relying on offline entities, e-commerce platforms and independent stations, and independent station sellers such as sheen and zaful. Each of the above models has its own advantages and disadvantages. If you stay in a large platform, you can enjoy the platform customer resources. However, if the product and brand advantages are not prominent, it is easy to be covered by other product information, and it is difficult to master the consumer information independently; The tripartite platform is similar to Omni channel operation, which can improve the product penetration rate and disperse the operation risk, but it needs to invest a lot of money and establish a professional team, so the return cycle is relatively long; Independent station can independently master and mine consumption data and control the marketing mode, but it needs professional network platform construction and operation ability. It is difficult to accumulate user traffic in the early stage, and it needs to improve user retention and transformation through brands and products.

　　 Export process and customs declaration method of cross border E-commerce

　　 B2B refers to that domestic enterprises directly export goods to overseas enterprises or overseas warehouses through cross-border logistics after entering into transactions with overseas enterprises through cross-border e-commerce platform. Enterprises can choose customs supervision mode code "9710" or "9810" to declare to the customs according to their business types. From July 1, 2021, the pilot project of cross-border e-commerce B2B export supervision will be replicated and promoted in the national customs. The customs supervision and declaration methods of B2B cross-border e-commerce are shown in the table below:

　　 B2C refers to that domestic enterprises enter into transactions with overseas consumers through cross-border e-commerce platforms, and deliver goods to overseas consumers or overseas warehouses through cross-border logistics. In terms of logistics, air parcel, mail and express delivery are mainly used, and less of them are included in customs registration. The main body of customs declaration is postal or express companies, According to the nature of the goods, customs supervision code "9610" or "1210" can be selected to declare to the customs. The customs supervision and declaration methods of B2C cross-border e-commerce are shown in the table below:

　　 Development trend of cross border e-commerce export

　　 Cross border e-commerce exports usher in historic development opportunities

　　 After the outbreak of new crown pneumonia, social isolation and physical retail channels are blocked, which makes global consumers more deeply feel the convenience of online shopping, and online shopping habits may be permanently retained in the post epidemic era. In 2020, the number of global e-commerce users will increase by 9.5% year-on-year, reaching 3.4 billion. According to Euromonitor and Deloitte data, in 2020, the penetration rates of e-commerce users in the United States and the European Union have reached 77% and 72%, respectively. The proportion of online sales of clothing and footwear goods in the United States has increased from 25% before the epidemic to 30% in 2021.

　　 Thanks to a stable economic and political environment, a complete industrial system and a fast response supply chain, China provides a wide range of goods with high cost performance for the world, which is favored by overseas consumers. According to the statistics of PayPal, the main payment institution of cross-border e-commerce in the world, China has become the largest B2C cross-border e-commerce trading market in the world. About 26% of the global payment transactions take place in the mainland, with the United States accounting for 21% ranking second, followed by the United Kingdom, Germany and Japan. A global think tank Survey (5005 questionnaires from the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain and France) shows that clothing, shoes and socks are the most frequently purchased cross-border category, and they are also the first choice for consumers to experience online shopping for the first time, and 75% of the respondents said that they will continue to buy clothes, shoes and socks online after the epidemic.

　　 The formation of online consumption habits collides with China's strong supply capacity of consumer goods, making cross-border e-commerce a new mode of "going out to sea" for Chinese enterprises. Enterprises have accelerated the construction of global digital channels. In addition, customs declaration and investment facilitation measures such as "tax-free without ticket", "list verification and declaration", etc, As well as encouraging the construction of overseas warehouses, a series of policies supporting the improvement of cross-border e-commerce have been introduced, and the popularity of cross-border e-commerce in the capital market has also increased rapidly. From January to June 2021, a total of 7 cross-border e-commerce platforms have obtained 1.25 billion yuan of financing, including 4 fast fashion consumer goods export e-commerce, including original clothing, swimsuit, silk clothing, household products, etc.

　　 Three directions of attention in the future

　　 Independent station will become the choice for more brand enterprises to implement digital operation. Under the external factors of the rising operating costs of the third-party platform and the internal factors of further mining consumer data, self built independent station has become the first choice for brand enterprises to deeply precipitate traffic, mine consumption big data and use social media. According to the survey report on cross border e-commerce industry in the second quarter of 2020, 26% of foreign trade enterprises choose to build their own independent stations. In addition, with the increase of SaaS service platforms represented by Shopify, the threshold for the construction of independent stations is greatly reduced. Small and medium-sized sellers can choose to open independent stations synchronously, especially those facing emerging e-commerce markets such as Southeast Asia, the Middle East, India, Russia and so on, which may become a hot spot in the stage. Although independent stations are more convenient for sellers to make accurate marketing, increase consumption stickiness and implement digital transformation, enterprises need to continuously improve the level of business differentiation, product innovation activity and efficiency and experience of logistics services in order to survive in the competitive environment with increasing concentration.

　　 Cross border logistics efficiency has been paid more and more attention. Cross border logistics is not only an important support for the development of cross-border e-commerce, but also a key link to improve the consumption experience. According to a report jointly released by Ipsos and PayPal, nearly a quarter of the global online shopping consumers believe that delivery speed is the key factor affecting their choice of platform. In addition, e-commerce enterprises will choose logistics providers that meet their own needs based on comprehensive consideration of logistics costs, delivery speed, distribution efficiency and abnormal situation handling ability. The construction of high-level overseas warehouse is an effective way to improve the quality of logistics service. With the dividend of policy support, the enthusiasm of traditional logistics enterprises, cross-border e-commerce platforms and independent station sellers to build overseas warehouses and improve the cross-border logistics management system will be improved, and the industry competition will become more intense.

　　 Compliance requirements are accelerated《 E-commerce law has been implemented in 2019. The national e-commerce quality management standardization committee has reviewed and approved five national standards, including the exchange guide of cross-border e-commerce product quality evaluation results, the guide of product traceability information sharing, the online dispute resolution document specification, the export commodity information description specification, and the export business entity information description specification. A series of cross-border e-commerce laws and regulations have made clear provisions in terms of commodity safety, taxation, logistics, after-sales, etc., and strengthened the standardized information communication among sellers, logistics enterprises and customs in customs clearance, tax refund and foreign exchange settlement. The application of blockchain technology will also help traceability of product sources and accountability, make enterprises have rules to follow, and strengthen the protection of consumers' rights and interests, Promote the standardized development of cross-border e-commerce industry. In addition, in the economic and trade agreement signed between China and the United States in 2020, there are corresponding provisions on the infringement of intellectual property rights involved in e-commerce. The agreement requires both parties to take effective actions (including effective notification and delisting system) on major e-commerce platforms with intellectual property infringement problems, and also makes detailed provisions on the production, export, destruction and border enforcement actions of pirated (counterfeit) products. In the future, driven by domestic and international forces, China's cross-border e-commerce market compliance process will be significantly accelerated.

　　 Source: China Textile Industry Economic Research Institute