Cleaner Production Technology And Application In Dyeing And Finishing Industry

1, current situation

After joining the WTO, China's textile industry is a good industry with more than 19 million 600 thousand employees, plus 100 million of the raw material producing areas (cotton, wool and hemp production), about 120 million.

The export surplus of textiles is 2.5 times the total surplus of the whole country. If there is no surplus of textiles, China's foreign trade will be in deficit.

Therefore, it is still in the process of development.

2, the main environmental problems.

Waste water is the main problem - exhaust gas (coating, stereotype)

China is a water shortage country (2200 tons per person per ton -1900 tons).

The printing and dyeing industry is a large water user (1 billion 600 million -20 100 million tons).

Handling situation

Due to overconcentration (Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Guangdong), even if the water quality is up to standard, the water environment capacity has been saturated. There are 40 printing and dyeing factories in the 4 square kilometers, and tens of thousands of tons of wastewater are discharged on the day.

3. Wastewater treatment in printing and dyeing industry abroad

Developing countries have not yet formed climate.

The scale of individual enterprises in developed countries is large, while the quantity in the region is far lower than that in China. After the pretreatment, the proportion of urban sewage treatment plants is small, which is not a serious threat.

4, main problems

The printing and dyeing industry in China is too large and concentrated. Even if the printing and dyeing wastewater treatment in some areas is up to the standard, it is also more than the environmental capacity. The synchronization of development and environment is a special problem in China.

Environmental protection legislation and law enforcement are different, product grades are different, profits are different, so environmental protection inputs are different; dyeing 1 meters of cloth from 0.2-0.5 yuan to 16-20 yuan, of course, the treatment of waste water is very different.

To solve the problem, we must rely mainly on ourselves, not superstition, foreign technology, and the reality of our country.

Two, how to solve this "neck problem"?

1, adjust the industrial structure and product mix, and eliminate products with low consumption and large quantity of water.

2, develop and adopt new printing and dyeing technology to reduce water consumption (pfer printing, computer inkjet printing, steam jet dyeing, liquid dyestuff, pigment continuous dyeing, microcapsule dyeing, etc.), and the characteristics and application scope of various technologies.

3. New technology from development to practicality

4, reform the source of technology and save water.

5. Vigorously carry out reuse after waste water treatment.

The R & D investment of China's textile enterprises is only 0.25%, and chemical fiber is only 0.47%, while that of developed countries is 5%.

One of the reasons is that the scale of enterprises is small. At present, even in R & D investment, it is basically product development and technological reform, and the proportion of environmental protection is very low.

Terms of settlement?

Three, cleaner production and cleaner production evaluation index system.

1. Compilation process and explanation of cleaner production evaluation index system

There are two parts: quantitative evaluation and qualitative requirement.

The selection of quantitative evaluation index is representative, which can reflect the targets of the final goal of cleaner production, such as "energy saving", "reducing consumption", "reducing pollution" and "increasing efficiency".

By calculating and grading the actual value, the benchmark value and the weight of the index, we can comprehensively evaluate the situation of cleaner production and the level of cleaner production.

Grade 1 and two.

Qualitative evaluation indicators are mainly selected according to the state's policies on industrial development and technological progress in promoting cleaner production, resource and environmental protection policies, and industry development plans, which are used to qualitatively assess the compliance of enterprises with relevant policies and regulations and the implementation of cleaner production.

Energy index

resource consumption

Production technology index

Comprehensive utilization index

Pollutant index

2. General situation

The general energy consumption is as follows:

Water consumption: 250-350 tons / ton product;

Electricity consumption: 1700-2100 degree / ton product;

Steam: 18-25 tons / ton product;

Coal consumption: 25-30 tons / ton product.

(coal = standard coal)

Four, ways to save water

1, counter flow rinse: progressive use (examples and problems);

2, turbidity and diversion: advantages and existing factory pformation (concepts and habits);

3. Separate water (pretreatment, dyeing, finishing, soaping and softening).

4, reduce bath ratio: at present, 8 to 1 and below are required.

5, about cold pad batch: in time for energy consumption and quality;

6. Regarding the "cleaner production evaluation index system of printing and dyeing industry" and the conversion of water consumption of tons of products, the appendix B weight correction system of "printing and dyeing enterprise comprehensive energy consumption calculation guidelines" (FZ:T01002-91) can be found.