Characteristics Of Listed High-Tech Enterprises
Investment Bankers are exposed to different types of customers every day. Some clients have some accounting background and experience. Customers of this type usually have a better understanding of the listing process and rules. efficiency 。 But as an investment banker, dealing with customers can not only look at the profit figures in accounting, but also understand the significance and reasons behind the figures.
“多賺一元,集資數元”的概念
Modern international capital market The company's valuation is based on the P / E ratio. Suppose that companies earn more than 1 yuan, such as the market earnings ratio is 10 times, the market value will increase by 10 yuan, and the issuance of 25% new shares can raise more than 2.5 yuan. If the price earnings ratio is 12 times, the market value will increase by 12 yuan, and in the same circumstances, it can raise more than 3 yuan.
Therefore, in the main board market, the profitability of the company is the key to raising funds, rather than packaging some vague concepts that can be listed. Some customers have asked me what way to pack the best. What should the company do before listing to increase the future fund-raising quota? I generally suggest that the company adopt a pragmatic attitude and enhance research with the production department. efficiency Research and develop customer resources with sales department.
讀百卷報表,不如行百里路
Customers who have been promoting their companies are high-tech and high growth enterprises, but I have always stressed the need to investigate the actual situation of enterprises. Often after investigation, it is found that it is only an ordinary factory, but not a high-tech enterprise at all.
To see the situation is that the degree of automation of the enterprise is very low, only a large number of workers are working at work, or the machine is old, which is operated by ordinary workers rather than by professionals. Or the company's environment is bad, there is no central computer monitoring room and closed-circuit television monitoring production process, the enterprise has not received ISO or other quality certification, the management system is incomplete, some production machines are idle and have not started operation.
高科技公司的特色
Generally speaking, High-tech company The growth rate is high, the gross profit is high, and the selling cost is low. There is a big difference between factories and high-tech companies. Factories can only earn meager gross profit and need to support profits with large quantities. Hi-tech enterprises have high value-added components and use software or technology to meet customer requirements.
Therefore, if the gross margin is only 10%, it usually belongs to the typical factory of production, and the gross profit of hi-tech enterprises can generally be increased to more than 30%. In principle, the factory mainly competes with its competitors in terms of price, compresses costs, and makes money in the form of small profits but quick turnover. High tech companies compete mainly in product technology, functions and services, and will not make money by small profits but quick turnover. For example, Microsoft's gross margin can be as high as 80%.
High tech enterprises must possess technology patent license, copyright and so on. If the enterprise only uses some expired open technology, that is, other factories can also use these technologies, and there is no limit for competitors to enter the market. But if an enterprise deliberately buys some licenses and copyrights of so-called new technologies before listing, investors must pay attention that these costs may be amortized in future profits, indirectly reducing the amount of fund-raising.
For example, the recent drop in profits announced by a number of telecom companies in Hongkong is due to the short period of amortization of 3G licences. The amortization cost has eaten most of the profits, resulting in a drop in profits and a fall in share prices. On the contrary, 2G companies did not apply for 3G licences, but their share prices increased.
High-tech enterprises The R & D cost will be high, and a lot of research and development will be needed to improve the company's product technology to support the continuous development of business. Some R & D fees can be amortized for a fraction of a year, and have less impact on earnings. However, some R & D fees can not be amortized, which will have a greater impact on the profit and loss statement of the current year. If these R & D fees are not properly arranged, the R & D fee will have a fatal impact on the profit and loss account.
High tech enterprises are generally low inventories. As the value-added components of products are relatively high, they are not operated by large quantities of stock. Moreover, products should also be matched with distribution agents. Sometimes products have to meet the unique requirements of customers, which makes the inventory of high-tech products not too high.
High tech enterprises have a unique account receivable period. The time required for products or services from production, delivery, acceptance, training, testing, application, maintenance and maintenance to each other will be longer than that of the general factory products. Therefore, the general payment period will also be paid in a phased way. The accounts receivable period is generally longer than that of the factory.
High tech companies have fewer fixed assets. High tech companies generally rely on people's intellectual property rights and technology, and do not need large quantities of production equipment and machinery as the general factories. Therefore, the fixed assets such as land and equipment are generally less. If necessary, they are usually leased to reduce unnecessary investment costs.
The contents of this edition are purely personal views of the author. They are for reference only to investors and do not constitute investment suggestions. Investors operate accordingly, at risk. )
Editor: vivi
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