Watch The World Expo&Nbsp; Experience The Shaping Of "Human Harmony" Space

The development of urban civilization is enough to make people proud, but it is also accompanied by all kinds of losses - higher and higher buildings, which accommodate the soaring population, but close the open heart; The increasingly independent private space has turned the former "friendship with neighbors" into "beggar with neighbors"; Wider and wider lanes bring convenient traffic, but cut off interpersonal communication, often across the road is already "looking at the ocean and sighing".

Modern urban planning must be at the expense of "human harmony" space? Wandering in the urban best practice area of the Expo Park, various cases have peeled off the cocoon, bringing new enlightenment to solve this "dilemma".

Return the urban space to the owner

Before the Madrid case, on the tall air tree, the blinds opened and closed freely and looked up. The 10 fan leaves with a diameter of 10 meters spun out in the cool wind. The visitors sat around the tree to rest, chat, and watch the performance. It was inexpressible pleasure.

Designer Belinda Tattle introduced the concept of air tree: to build a new public residential area, we should all set aside a comfortable public communication space for residents. Green shade is the first choice, but natural trees need some time to grow. We will first "plant" air trees, adjust the temperature through louvers and fans, and attract more residents out of the enclosed small space, Talk under the tree; Attract more children to come here to look for companions, swing, play and chase. When natural trees grow up, these air trees can be easily dismantled and re rooted in new residential areas.

"Return the urban space to the real master: people", which is the Madrid case's interpretation of urban planning. "If people really want to have a sense of belonging to the city, a broad community public space is indispensable." Professor Zhang Hong, Institute of Cultural Criticism, Tongji University, said that the division and establishment of private space and public space is one of the most remarkable signs of modern civilized life. Nowadays, in many residential areas in China, each family has a completely independent living space, which is obviously a huge progress compared with the past "seventy-two tenants". Citizens can ensure the convenience and privacy of private life; However, some places "overcorrect", and public places are very cramped. There are only narrow lawns and fitness spots among the dense buildings as decorations, and a few empty spaces are also occupied by parked vehicles. As a result, the community seems to be just a way to get to and from work, and the scope of home seems to be limited to one's own "humble residence". The neighborhood has not known its name for many years and does not communicate with each other.

In the urban best practice area, examples from around the world are quietly appealing to us: modern cities, please return to the attention of spiritual exchanges. In the case of Vancouver, after the 1986 World Expo, the planners purposely built three large parks on the original site for citizens to rest; In the Barcelona case, the concept of "the more buildings, the better" was abandoned, but "people are the first priority". In the limited space, people "crowded" into the football field and other large sports facilities, and many neighborhood centers were specially built

Speed and leisure

Modern cities are built on the basis of socialized mass production, the division of labor is increasingly developed and refined, and the requirements for people flow and logistics speed are increasing. As a result, in order to meet the needs of economic development, many cities have planned a large number of trunk roads. Cities have gradually become a "world of cars", and roads have become "dedicated to cars". "When the road is wide enough to cross once and wait for two green lights, you have to stop on the Leisure Island, which is not the ideal state of the city." Tang Zi, the chief planner of the Shanghai World Expo Urban Best Practice Area, said that there is nothing wrong with the city's speed increase, but if you only emphasize convenient high-speed, it may be that people's activity space is isolated.

In the case of Vancouver, we heard such a story. In the 1960s, the government planned to introduce a highway into the city center in order to speed up economic development. Unexpectedly, the residents asked to think twice after hearing the news and proposed that this would damage the original living environment. The final opinion was adopted, and the highway plan was put on hold. Many citizens believed that it was this key decision that led Vancouver to today's prosperous and livable development path. Since then, the urban construction planning has further determined to "reduce dependence on cars", for example, 2/3 of the city center can be directly reached by walking and public transportation.

In Odense, Denmark, half of the drivers are now cyclists. On the street, the air pump, speed indicator, luggage storage and other cycling services are complete and considerate. In the urban transportation planning, special doors are provided for bicycles to provide "safe routes for students to and from school", "landscape routes to urban scenic spots", "shortcuts to the business district"

"Looking at livable cities all over the world, who said that you can't have both the convenience of large passenger flow and the stroll of pedestrians?" said Tang Zi.

Make the city a "solution to problems"

In recent years, many cities in China have begun to pay attention to the shaping of public space, but there are still many misunderstandings in the specific implementation.

"Square disease" can be called a prominent performance. In the originally crowded city, many huge squares suddenly appeared. In contrast to the space of hundreds of thousands of square meters, there are buildings with high lobbies around. Sculptures and fountains with the same shape are rare, but they are "built" as neat as a row of trees. In summer, the sun shines directly on the cement floor or marble brick, making the square an oven, while in winter, it becomes a huge air vent.

"The construction of public space is not simply equivalent to 'an empty space' or 'a huge square', but to truly achieve the harmony between space and people." For Tangzi, if the sense of hierarchy and sequence is not formed through the mutual combination of various buildings, the huge space will lead to the sense of smallness of people, and have a negative effect on crowd gathering and communication. On the other hand, the distance between space and citizens' daily life is also the key to determine whether "people are harmonious". Zhang Hong said that with the increasing scale of the city and unreasonable planning, the distance between living and other activities has become more and more remote, which exceeds the normal distance between psychology and experience. The result is that although beautiful "landmark" buildings continue to emerge, these spaces are "floating" outside the real life of urban residents, unable to leave "memory and emotion", and just become the scenery of tourists.

How to solve many problems? The Urban Best Practice Area gives excellent answers.

For example, at present, many cities have entered the "blind pursuit of large" misunderstanding, believing that the larger the unipolar volume of cities, the better the economic development. However, the neglect of the "Dahulung" city may lead to unclear development context, on the contrary, more haste means less progress, and may also squeeze interpersonal space. At the entrance of the case in Roa, France, there is a beautiful "eight petal flower" sign. Reading it, we can see a different urban development path. It turns out that each "petal" represents an industrial center in the region. Since 2004, the government has combed the original "Dahulung" urban area, summarized and scattered eight scientific research industrial clusters, including aerospace, to form unique economic growth unipoles, which are independent of each other and rely on each other, with green leisure squares in the middle to divert the huge pressure of unipolar cities. Today, it has the reputation of "one of the four engines in Europe". Economic development and interpersonal integration are "win-win".

On the first panel of the case of Lua Region, there is a saying: "The growing statistical data makes people panic? The contradiction of urban development is puzzling? To explore in another direction, the city is not a problem, but also a solution to the problem." The solution is to plan a truly practical public space in science, Let "harmony" become one of the main themes of urban development.