What Matters Should We Pay Attention To To Ensure The Safety Of Tailings?

(1) tailings reservoir must have flood control facilities.

The tailings reservoir not only contains the water from the tailings pulp, but also the water in the tailing pond catchment area will enter the tailings reservoir through the surface runoff channel.

When designing tailings reservoir, flood volume should be calculated according to design specifications.

In order to prevent accidental accidents, due to the large amount of surface runoff in the flood season, a river closure should be constructed, and a part of the surface runoff will be taken out of the reservoir upstream.

In some old tailings reservoirs, some drainage wells are constructed along the longitudinal direction of the tailings pond, and the wells are connected, and the excess clear water is discharged outside the reservoir through underground drainage pipes or drainage ditches.

When the tailings pile reaches a certain height, the upstream drainage of the tailings dam ends to close the drainage well that has completed the task.

When designing and constructing such drainage facilities, we should give full consideration to the pressure of the drainage pipeline system to bear the accumulated tailings, so that the drainage and drainage system will be crushed, so as not to cause the whole drainage system to be scrapped.

A flood control channel is built at the beginning of the dam, and the main standby floating pump station is located in the middle and rear part of the tailings reservoir.

(2) ensure the stability of the sub dam.

No matter what kind of dam construction method is adopted, the size composition of tailings of the sub dam should be strictly controlled according to the test results.

Production practice has proved that when the proportion of fine tailings of less than 37 microns is too high, the stability of sub dam will be affected.

(3) tailings dam must have a certain safe height.

In the process of tailings production, the height of tailings dam is higher than the actual discharge of the tailings in the reservoir for more than 1-2 meters, so as to ensure the safety of tailings dam.

If the height of the tailings stacking surface is almost the same as that of the tailings dam, this is a risk factor. A rainstorm may cause the tailings to overflow the top of the dam, especially using the tailings to build the sub dam stage to ensure the safe height.

(4) tailings dam should be a permeable dam.

The water in the tailing pond is continuously discharged through the dam body (dam wall), and the dam below the drainage line is all water content or wetted by water, which is usually called the wetting curve.

The lower the wetting curve is, the more stable the dam is.

If the wetting curvature has risen to the top of the highest level of the sub dam, the tailings water has been submerged to the top of the sub dam. The tailings dam is already a sand pile immersed in water, and the dam may collapse at any time.

In order to ensure the safety of the dam, the discharge of tailings slurry should be discharged from the top of the dam to the upstream direction of the reservoir evenly, and the tailings water will be pressed into the reservoir as far as possible, so that the internal slope of the dam will have a considerable distance from the accumulated tailings water.

The length of the longitudinal slope of the tailings reservoir is usually 50-120 meters, and the small tailings can be shortened accordingly. The length of the dry slope (that is, the surface without water) is inversely proportional to the height of the wetting curve.