Sheyang Cotton Association: &Nbsp; Sheyang Cotton Planting Intention Survey In 2011

First, the whole county

January 28th hearing

The reason for the continuous reduction of cotton planting area is that the county cotton association has made many investigations, mainly in six aspects: first, the long growth period of cotton and the large number of workers; two, the low level of mechanized operation and heavy labor load; three, the low number of national subsidies and the low standard; four, the poor resistance, the low output and the instability; five, the income from high efficiency agricultural projects; and six, the high cost of cotton planting.

Among them, the most important thing is the low and unstable income of cotton planting, the obvious decrease of comparative benefit, and the enthusiasm of farmers to plant cotton.

In 2010, since the launch of new cotton, due to various reasons, the purchase price of cotton rose all the way.

At the initial stage, the price suddenly appeared to be amazing. In late September, the price of the grey cotton which had been stripped from Huang Lao Tao was 6.80 yuan per kilogram (the same below), which was 0.20 yuan higher than the average price of 2009 cotton in the year of 6.60 yuan.

The price of 329 grade seed cotton, which is 36% in clothing and 13% in water, rises from 10.80 yuan in early October to 11.50 yuan in the middle, and 12 yuan in the last ten days.

In early November, it reached a maximum of 14.20 yuan (the highest price was 15 yuan).

Since mid November, although prices have dropped, they are still around 11 yuan.

By December 20th, the sale of cotton farmers was basically over. The average price of cotton farmers in the county was 10.84 yuan, an increase of 4.24 yuan over the previous year of 6.60 yuan, an increase of 64.2%.

The direct income of cotton growers and cotton farmers, including government subsidy, is up to 2319.76 yuan. After excluding the total cost of 1218.50 yuan, the net income is 1113.36 yuan, which is 4.74 times that of 234.80 yuan last year.

Cotton yields have exceeded grain crops such as rice and corn harvested in autumn for the first time in 10 years.

Regardless of the factors of price rise, it is also the most profitable year for cotton planting in history.

In the case of the increase in cotton prices and cotton planting income, what is the cotton planting intention of the county cotton farmers in the coming year? Can the cotton planting area increase substantially? What do cotton growers think now? What are the requirements and suggestions for stabilizing cotton production? The county cotton association and the county planting station last year, during the autumn sowing and in the middle and the first part of this year, organized 8 towns, 12 villages and 70 cotton growers in the county to investigate cotton planting intentions in 2011.

Cotton planting intentions in two and 2011

The survey results show that: in 2011, the cotton planting area of the whole county will rise somewhat, but the extent of cotton planting will not be too large; the area of late crop cotton will be significantly reduced, and crop rotation arrangements have basically been in place; the cotton farmers' enthusiasm for planting cotton generally shows a high trend, and the cotton seed purchase trend is better.

1, cotton planting area has increased, but the rate is not very large.

The 70 cotton farmers surveyed in 2010 actually planted 541.41 mu of cotton in 2010, and planted 608.61 mu in 2011, an increase of 67.2 mu, an increase of 12.41%.

There were 33 households in the same level last year, accounting for 47.14% of the total number of households surveyed.

The total number of households increased by 34, accounting for 48.57% of the total number of households surveyed and the total area increased by 74.2 mu.

There were also 3 households, accounting for 4.29% of the total number of households surveyed, with a total reduction of 7 mu.

Accordingly, according to the County Cotton Association's speculation, in 2011 the county's cotton planting area will rise to more than 500 thousand acres, reaching 505 thousand and 800 acres.

However, in contrast to 2003-2007 years, the county has a large gap in the area of 700 thousand mu in ensuring that the grain planting area is not reduced.

2, late stubble cotton will be reduced, stubble reserve has been basically in place.

According to statistics, in 2010, about 15% of the more than 450 thousand mu of cotton planted in the whole county were pplanted after harvest of wheat, rape and other summer maturing crops. Due to late pplanting, the growth and development process obviously lagged behind, which belonged to typical late stubble cotton.

Jia Shulin, a cotton grower in Hongxing Village, Xingqiao Town, said that last year he planted more than 2 acres of cotton after wheat. The yield of the final harvest was about 20% lower than that of the planted cotton, and the proportion of cotton after frost was large, and the price could not be bought. The income of the Mu was about 500 yuan, so it was no longer planted this year.

As far as the whole county is concerned, most cotton growers have adjusted the cotton stubble in the next year when the autumn sowing.

We see in the farmers' contracted land that the intention of planting cotton is the wheat, garlic and so on.

3, cotton planting enthusiasm is generally bullish, cotton seed purchase momentum is better.

Judging from the survey, cotton farmers' enthusiasm for cotton planting is generally rising this year, and they are planning how to grow them.

At present, besides the cotton field water conservancy in winter, improving the facilities in the cotton area, and completing the cotton nutrition bowl, the cotton seed purchase has a good momentum.

We learned from the survey that there are two main characteristics of cotton seed purchase this year.

First, the time is ahead.

In late December, the cotton sale has just ended, that is, cotton farmers to the town agricultural technology center or cotton seed supply station consultation, the new varieties of fertility characteristics, prices and when the seeds they want to arrive.

After entering the yuan month, they began to purchase, and the total time was one month earlier than last year.

Two, speed up progress.

The sale of cotton seeds in previous years was available before the Spring Festival, but sales were not large, mainly in the 2 and March of next year.

After entering the first month of this year, sales increased significantly.

According to the director of Tazhong seed industry, which has a large sale of cotton seeds in the county, the total sales volume of the company last year was only 45 thousand barrels (bags), and this year to January 20, the sales volume has reached 60 thousand barrels (bags), of which 70% have been bought back by cotton growers.

The county seed company sold less than 25 thousand barrels (bags) last year. So far this year, the total sales volume has exceeded 15 thousand barrels (bags).

Even in the Shengfeng seed industry with a smaller sales volume, sales increased significantly. Last year, the total sales volume before the Spring Festival was only 3 boxes (120 Bags), and this year has exceeded 10 boxes.

Three, the main reason why the area is difficult to recover sharply

Despite the fact that cotton yields were better in 2010, cotton farmers did not want to increase their planting area more.

First, cotton prices are unstable.

The cotton grower Hu Yi of Dongming village in Qian Qiu town said that in 2010, 5 mu of cotton was planted. Because of the drought and drought rotation, the cotton field disease was less, plus the management method, the output was higher, the yield of seed cotton was 255 kilograms, the direct income of cotton sales was 2800 yuan, and the income of the former crop was 3500 yuan, although the rice and wheat fields were nearly 1000 yuan, but because of the instability of cotton prices, it was not ready to expand cotton planting.

The relevant information collected by the county cotton association also confirms Lao Hu's view. Since 2003, the cotton purchase price of the county has been one year high and low one year except 2009.

The average price of 03 years reached 7.30 yuan, an increase of 2.94 yuan over the 02 yuan of 4.36 yuan, an increase of 67.43%. However, in the 04 year, it dropped only 4.60 yuan, compared with 03 years, and the decline was as high as 37%.

It reached 6.07 yuan in 07 years, and reduced to 4.75 yuan in 08 years.

Many cotton farmers worry that cotton prices will be very high in 2010, but it will be difficult to predict in 2011 whether they are stable or falling.

Therefore, we do not want to substantially increase cotton planting and increase our risk to market prices.

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The two is less government subsidies.

In the current policy of benefiting farmers, subsidies to conventional economic crops are relatively small.

Cotton has been classified as an economic crop in the traditional classification and qualitative analysis. However, with the adjustment of planting structure and the change of market demand, the basic characteristics of relatively high yield of economic crops have been completely changed.

Since 2010, Jiangsu has also abolished comprehensive subsidies for the production of economic crops, including cotton, which makes it less expensive and less standard than grain crops, and only 15 yuan of cotton seed subsidy is available.

Even so, some cotton growers have been able to grow cotton by subcontracting fields, buying fields or non-agricultural land, and even 15 yuan of good seed subsidies are not yet available.

Haitong town Tongxing neighborhood committee three groups of Shi Han Bing rented the original camp garrison land, planting more than 10 acres of cotton per year, because not in the collective land area of the residence statistics, for many years has never enjoyed the government's penniless subsidies.

Three is the high cost of cotton planting.

In recent years, the cost of cotton planting by cotton growers has increased year by year. In 2010, the cost of cotton planting has exceeded 1200 yuan, of which the physicochemical cost is close to 350 yuan, and some cotton farmers have exceeded 400 yuan.

According to the price and market trend of some production data needed for cotton planting, the cost of physical and chemical and labor costs will increase in 2011.

The first is the price of means of production.

Cotton seed: 14 cotton seeds survey, 21 cotton seeds in the cotton seed market, the average weight density is 302.86 grams, the price is 56.19 yuan, an increase of about 9 yuan over the previous year, and the increase is about 19%. 2. Urea: at present, it belongs to the off-season use of fertilizer, and the retail price is 105 yuan per 50 kg, although it is 5-10 yuan lower than that of autumn sowing fertilizer peak, but it is 15 yuan higher than the same period last year. The increase is 16.7%.

According to industry analysis, as the international crude oil prices have experienced a short period of adjustment, the recent wave of rising again.

After the Spring Festival, the prices of urea and diesel will also rise and will be pmitted to other kinds of means of production.

The two is labor cost.

According to the County Cotton Association's conversion method, because the county's per capita net income increased in 2010, the unit price of labor day from 2011 will rise to 35 yuan, an increase of 4 yuan over 2010, an increase of 12.9%.

All of these will indicate that the cost of cotton planting in 2011 will also increase considerably.

Four, we should reduce the resources of cotton fields.

In recent years, with the development of the county's economy and society, the adjustment of the rural economic structure, the implementation of efficient agricultural projects, the reconstruction and expansion of public roads, the upgrading of villages and towns, the acceleration of the pace of urbanization in rural areas and so on, some of the land suitable for cotton cultivation has been pferred.

Although the government adopted a number of measures such as "reclaiming tidal flat, saline soil improvement and flat field preparation", it ensured the stability of cultivated land in the county, but the land needed to be reclaimed should be improved.

In addition, the land used for reclamation is currently used for farming or other agricultural projects, and the income is much higher than that of cotton cultivation.

Therefore, in recent years, it is difficult to restore the land resources suitable for cotton cultivation.

Four, several suggestions for stabilizing cotton production.

China is not only a big country of cotton production, but also a big consumer of cotton.

In recent years, influenced by many factors at home and abroad, the production and consumption of cotton inside are running backward.

The development of the cotton textile industry has increased the demand for cotton. Cotton consumption has increased year by year, while cotton production has shrunk, reducing the effective supply of raw cotton. The country has to balance consumption through imports every year.

In some international cotton exporting countries, the government has repeatedly proposed restrictions on the export of raw cotton to the government.

It will not only affect the import of cotton in China, but also greatly increase the international cotton price, which directly restricts the output benefit of the domestic textile industry.

Therefore, it is an important basis for promoting the stable development of cotton spinning economy to increase and stabilize domestic cotton planting area from a long-term perspective.

Cotton farmers are convinced that stabilizing cotton production requires more and better policy support from the state.

1, the minimum purchase price policy should be issued as soon as possible.

Cotton purchasing prices fluctuate and fluctuate, making cotton parties, especially cotton farmers, at a loss.

It not only increases market risk, but also affects the stability of cotton industry. It is not good for cotton growers, purchasing processing and circulation enterprises and cotton producing units.

Relatively stable annual cotton prices are crucial to the overall development of the cotton industry.

Cotton farmers urgently hope that the state will support cotton production as support for grain production. For the cotton growing areas such as the Yangtze River Valley, which is mainly cultivated with nutrient bowl pplanting, when the Cotton Cropping arrangement (Qiu Bo) is established next year, the state can introduce a cotton purchase minimum purchase price plan, and clearly inform cotton farmers the basic price of cotton in the coming year.

When new cotton comes into the market, according to the cost of cotton production and market supply and demand, the annual minimum cotton purchase price implementation plan is introduced.

The annual price index and market situation will be adjusted accordingly every year.

This will not only enhance the cotton growers' confidence in cotton production, arrange the annual cotton planting plan, but also avoid the "chaotic market" caused by the sharp rise and fall of cotton prices.

2, increase investment in "dry to water" funds in old cotton growing areas.

Sheyang is an old cotton area. Many cotton fields are lack of supporting facilities for water conservancy facilities. For a long time, continuous cropping of cotton and dry crops leads to serious soil borne bacteria, and the poor resistance of cotton to cotton, and the increasing incidence of cotton diseases.

Practice has proved that in the cotton area, the rotation of paddy fields and upland crops in the severe disease fields can effectively prevent the occurrence of cotton diseases such as withering and Verticillium wilt, promote the healthy growth of cotton, increase the yield per unit area and increase the yield of cotton planting.

Qian Qiu town has a hundred years of cotton planting experience, and is a high incidence of cotton diseases. In recent years, cotton production has been wandering at a low level, while the western Dongming village is in the artesian irrigation area. Cotton and rice have been planted in rotation. In 2010, the average yield of cotton in the whole village was 510 Jin left and right, which was 18.6% higher than that of the town's average yield of 430 Jin.

The county fine breed breeding farm is a county agricultural and forestry farm, located in the territory of Chen Yang town. It is also a system of water and drought rotation. In 2010, the average yield of 1500 mu of cotton reached 550 Jin, which was 25% higher than that of the surrounding cotton farmers.

Therefore, speeding up the pace of water improvement in the old cotton area is imminent.

Cotton farmers hope that after the completion of the task of organizing the farmland infrastructure in town and village, the state and governments at all levels will increase capital investment in the facilities for Dryland and water improvement so as to speed up the pace of water improvement and achieve the goal of stable production, high yield and high efficiency in cotton production.

3, improve Cotton Subsidy and improve the subsidy way.

Compared with other major agricultural products, cotton production has lower efficiency in most years, and the national subsidy is less than that of grain, and the standard is low.

Therefore, cotton farmers all hope that the state can increase the subsidy for cotton planting, while improving the way of subsidy so that cotton farmers can get more benefits.

First, increase subsidies.

The cotton production is removed from the economic crops and listed in the list of major agricultural products. The same as grain production, the comprehensive subsidy for production data is implemented.

The two is to raise the subsidy standard.

In recent years, the state has implemented good seed subsidies for cotton production. From a phenomenal point of view, this has played a role in reducing cotton production and increasing efficiency and stabilizing cotton planting. However, the cotton farmers really get only a small part of it, but the big head has been set up by the increase in cotton seed prices for many years.

For this reason, cotton growers hope that the state will appropriately increase the subsidy amount for fine seeds or other aspects. On the other hand, the government should strengthen supervision over seed production and price regulation.

The three is to improve the way of subsidy.

The subsidy for the existing seed in the country is changed to subsidize the amount of seed cotton actually sold by cotton farmers.

With such subsidies, although a series of relatively complete measures need to be established from the confirmation of the qualification of the acquiring enterprises to the unified printing, issuance and use of the purchase vouchers, it will, after all, be more conducive to comprehensively improving the quality of cotton and the stability of the market order.

It is more advantageous to mobilize cotton farmers' initiative in attacking the yield per unit area and actively participate in "high yield creation".

By selecting the improved varieties, adopting advanced cotton planting technology and high yield cultivation mode, we should do everything possible to increase the yield per unit area instead of competing with the grain planting area and endangering national food security.

More conducive to better solve the current non-standard behavior in the area of cotton seed subsidy statistics, improve the impartiality and pparency of subsidies, and truly reflect the cotton production in all parts of the country, avoid violations in the process of data statistics, and provide a more credible basis for government decision-making.

It is more advantageous to enable farmers who have cotton planting to receive state subsidies to better stabilize and appropriately increase cotton planting area and improve domestic cotton self-sufficiency.