Upgrading Of China'S Shoe Enterprises Under "Machine Changing Crowd"

Frequent occurrence in recent years

It is understood that footwear exports in the footwear industry has been a considerable proportion.

Last year, the export volume of the whole industry has shrunk considerably. Since the first quarter of this year, orders for shoes have increased significantly.

In fact, as early as the end of last year, many shoemaking enterprises began to think about retaining workers, especially skilled technicians.

During the Spring Festival every year, many workers who work in the southeastern coastal cities begin to return to the countryside. After the festival, they relocate their jobs and jobs.

According to the author's understanding, in Jinjiang, Fujian, which is known as "shoes capital", in order to enable workers to work on time, some shoemaking shoemaking enterprises adopted the way of playing the "tender card" and "friendship card". Before the Spring Festival, they put the year-end bonus and welfare to the workers, hoping that they could have a sense of belonging to the factories that had been working for several years, and would come back voluntarily in the coming year.

Other enterprises adopted the opposite strategy. In order to avoid the loss of workers, they were required to issue bonuses only after the Spring Festival, and the amount of bonuses increased correspondingly.

Even so, after the Spring Festival, the flow of workers to the three largest footwear manufacturing bases in Fujian, Guangdong and Wenzhou is still less and less. With the improvement of the construction of inland two or three line cities, living standards and wage structure, the attractiveness of the entire manufacturing sector to the workers is decreasing.

A deep adjustment of the internal structure of shoemaking industry is inevitable.

Many enterprises have thought of a relatively simple and direct way: industrial pfer and enterprise relocation.

However, Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang, which are relatively concentrated in the footwear industry, are the frontiers of reform and opening up. After nearly 30 years of development, the industrial chain has been very perfect. Some characteristic industrial areas and special products have enjoyed a high reputation in the global market.

These industrial regional advantages, which have been formed after decades of accumulation, must also take considerable risks.

Industry experts told the author that first of all, the natural advantages of existing industrial clusters in pportation, pportation, especially exports, will be lost once they are pferred to the mainland.

Secondly, there are complete supporting systems within the industrial cluster from raw materials, processing, equipment, packaging and so on. Now, some large scale and high standard leading enterprises have begun to concentrate their efforts on making brands and marketing, giving production links to the capable partners in the industrial chain. It is also the peers who have the quality and capacity guaranteed to do OEM for themselves.

Moreover, the industrial clusters are located in economically developed areas, the government's economic strength is relatively strong, the support and policy support for enterprises are bigger than that in the inland areas, especially in the face of the international financial crisis.

The expert also said, "if we are just going to reduce labor and pfer, with the development of urbanization in the mainland, the wages and consumption level of workers will increase year by year. If it takes less than a few years after relocating, it will be close to the coastal areas, and it will be totally useless."

Upgrading of equipment technology, more manpower and quality.

Since the passive industrial pfer is "unfeasible", it is an industry choice to improve the productivity by accelerating the automation of production through technological pformation.

According to the head of a shoe enterprise, "for a company with thousands of employees, the monthly wage and welfare expenses increase by 100 yuan per person. The cost per year is millions of dollars or even tens of millions of dollars. For any enterprise, it is a huge investment. It is better to invest such a huge amount of money into technology and equipment upgrading. Once a one-time investment is made, the proceeds will continue to flow.

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At the beginning of this year, industry experts have suggested that the footwear industry should take the pressure of labor shortage as the driving force and accelerate the pformation and upgrading from labor-intensive to technology intensive.

Some well-known enterprises in developed countries rely on advanced equipment and technology, and labor efficiency is 2~3 times that of Chinese enterprises. Therefore, although their labor costs are much higher, their products are still competitive in the international market.

Enterprises in the industry have also indicated that the development of the industry has relied on cheap labour and extensive production to gain profits. The industry has to move towards intensification, technology and automation.

The author also learned that upgrading the industry should not only improve labor productivity based on "machine instead of labor", but also increase profits through improving product quality and added value, thereby enhancing the overall competitiveness of the industry.

A pair of women's shoes that are also made of genuine leather, the price of brand shoes in Italy is RMB 10000 yuan, which is several times or even tens of times the price of similar products in China.

Forming such a huge gap, our enterprises are not just losing in brand and marketing. How to improve the technology level and improve the quality of products will be the most important task for Chinese shoe enterprises at this stage.