Marshal Xie Jianying, Upright And Upright

In October 1921, Xie Jianying visited Guangxi with President Sun Zhongshan of the Republic of China.

Devote oneself to the revolution, be wise and resourceful, turn the tide, and make good plans.

Xie Jianying (1897-1986), founder and leader of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, marshal of the Republic and strategist.

Following Sun Zhongshan's early involvement in the bourgeois revolution, Jiang Jieshi turned against the Chiang Kai Shek after he betrayed the revolution and soon joined the Communist Party of China.

Organized the Guangzhou uprising and participated in the military struggle in the Central Soviet area.

On the Long March, we fought resolutely against separatism of Zhang Guoqin.

In the war of resistance against Japan, he served as chief of staff of the Eight Route Army and became chief of staff of the PLA during the war of liberation.

After the founding of the PRC, he was appointed commander of the Southern China military region, Minister of supervision, vice chairman and Secretary General of the Military Commission, Secretary of defense, standing committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

1. save the nation and save the people from joining the revolution.

Xie Jianying was born in a small family in Yanyang fort, Meixian, Guangdong province.

In 1912, Xie Jianying went to middle school in Mei County. He was influenced by the revolution of 1911 and devoted himself to the struggle against feudalism and oppression.

Xie Jianying had little ambition. He worked hard to study, and worked hard to build a great cause for the country and the people.

Xie Jianying was elected chairman of student autonomy association because of his excellent academic and high prestige.

After graduating from high school, Xie Jianying went to live in the South Asia with his father. They came to Malaysia to work for a living, and were despised by the rich. This situation enhanced Xie Jianying's consciousness of making efforts.

In 1919, Tang Jiyao, a Yunnan superintend, sent his personnel to Nanyang to recruit students from overseas Chinese to study in Yunnan's lecture hall. In order to enrich their troops, Xie Jianying was unwilling to accept the white eyes of the capitalists again.

During his training in the lecture hall, Xie Jianying was interested not only in new knowledge, but also in his attention.

After graduating from Yunnan's lecture hall, Xie Jianying was bent on finding the way to save the nation and the people. He admired Sun Zhongshan and followed Sun Zhongshan.

In 1921, after the founding of the Republic of China, Xie Jianying became a subordinate to Sun Zhongshan and was appointed commander of the Marine Corps.

In June 16, 1922, Chen Jiongming defected and attacked the presidential palace. Xie Jianying took part in protecting Sun Zhongshan and his wife from escaping from danger.

During Sun Zhongshan's distress,

In 1924, Sun Zhongshan rose again with the support of the Communist Party.

In order to catch up with the army, he organized the Whampoa Military Academy in Guangzhou. Xie Jianying was appointed to be responsible for recruiting and selecting teachers.

In the struggle against Chen Jiongming, Xie Jianying served as chief of staff of the second division of Guangdong army.

His army is one of the most resolute fighting teams.

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At the beginning of the northern expedition, Xie Jianying was the chief of staff of the general reserve team of the first army of the revolutionary army.

Later appointed by Jiang Jieshi, he served as the new division second division division commander.

In the ranks of the bourgeois democratic revolution, Xie Jianying's official career is smooth.

In just six years, he was promoted to teacher by a student who had just left the lecture hall.

2. uprising against Jiang's riots

In April 12, 1927, Jiang Jieshi launched a counter revolutionary coup in Shanghai.

The revolutionary situation is turning rapidly and the rightist forces are extremely rampant.

In the great turning point of history, Xie Jianying, who was deeply appreciated by Jiang Jieshi, could be promoted if he followed Jiang Jieshi. If he were to oppose Chiang Kai Shek, he might turn around.

However, in the choice of revolution and reactionary, Xie Jianying resolutely chose the way to oppose Chiang Kai Shek without any personal gain. He openly communicated with Jiang to oppose Chiang Kai Shek.

The reason for this is that he "only seeks for the people in his life, but he does not love black gauze and does not want money."

Just as the counter revolutionaries raised their knives and knives to the Communists, and the whole country was enveloped in white terror and full of blood and blood, Xie Jianying once again put forward the requirement of joining the party.

In early July 1927, the Party Organization formally approved Xie Jianying's accession to the Communist Party of China.

One of the main reasons for the failure of the great revolution and the massacre of Communists is not to grasp the guns.

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to organize revolutionary insurrection and establish its own armed forces.

While the Communist Party was secretly engaged in activities, the reactionary forces were also actively engaged in the attempt to wipe out the Communists.

When Wang Jingwei planned to get rid of Ye Ting and He Long and encircled their troops, Xie Jianying got the news in time and immediately informed Yeh and he to ensure that the two troops took part in the Nanchang uprising.

When the Nanchang uprising forces pferred to Guangdong and Fujian, Zhang Fakui was in hot pursuit. Xie Jianying was then the chief of staff of the Zhang Fakui forces, and his status as a Communist was not exposed.

Xie Jianying tactfully discouraged Zhang Fakui from giving up the rebellion against the rebel army, so that the new revolutionary army was protected from the enemy.

In September 1927, Xie Jianying responded to the call of the party to prepare for armed uprising in Guangzhou.

At this time, Xie Jianying carried out the instructions of our party's "87" meeting, separated from the Kuomintang troops and was secretly organizing the uprising force.

Not long after, Zhang Fakui was stationed in Guangzhou. When he saw Xie Jianying, he still trusted him and appointed him as chief of staff of the Fourth Army.

In order to make use of legal status to organize riots, Xie Jianying accepted the post.

Xie Jianying took advantage of his duty to cover up the Communist Party members in the Fourth Armies and actively develop their own forces. He also used Zhang Fei to strengthen the defense opportunities in Guangzhou, facilitated the expansion of the security corps, headed by the underground party members of the CPC, arranged for a group of Communists to serve as officers, and took hundreds of workers to join the provincial and Hong Kong general strike to compile into a battalion. In the morning of December 11, 1927, Xie Jianying and Zhang Tailei organized the Guangzhou riots, and the uprising forces captured the Guangzhou Public Security Bureau. The rebel forces kept fighting in Guangzhou City, but because of the anti revolutionary forces Yu Qiangda, the uprising failed several days later.

Part of the rebel forces moved out of Guangzhou to Lufeng.

Xie Jianying sneaked into Hongkong.

In order to sum up the lessons of failure and learn the experience of revolution, he went to the Soviet Union to seek the truth of Marx doctrine.

3. great courage and great danger, meritorious service

In the second half of 1930, Xie Jianying returned from the Soviet Union and was ordered to work in the Central Soviet area.

He assisted Mao Zedong in directing and winning the second, third anti encirclement and suppression campaign, and established his respect and trust in Mao Zedong in his cooperation.

At the end of 1931, Xie Jianying served as a member of the Central Military Commission and chief of the general staff.

Under his leadership, the Red Army General Staff Headquarters has established operations, pportation, mobilization, reconnaissance and other organs.

Later, due to the full implementation of the "left" wrong line, Xie Jianying was pferred from the General Staff Headquarters to the president and political commissar of the Red Army military school.

In the Long March, Xie Jianying was commander of the first column. He was shot by enemy planes in Guangxi. He was seriously injured, and his coat was dozens of holes. But he sat on stretchers and continued to command operations in spite of his pain.

After the Zunyi meeting, Xie Jianying served as chief of staff of the Red Army.

In June 1935, the red front army and the red front army joined forces in Magong area, Northwest Sichuan.

The Political Bureau of the Central Committee held a meeting to decide that the main force should go north and create the Sichuan Sichuan revolutionary base area.

Zhang Guotao did not agree with the central government's decision. He took the means of procrastination to disrupt the central operational deployment, stir up relations between the troops, and destroy unity and try to prevent the troops from going north.

The central leadership carried on the persuasion work and made it the general political commissar of the Red Army. Zhang Guotao reluctantly agreed to go to the north, but still, he had to go all the way to stop.

Relying on his own army, he tried to coerce the Central Committee of the party to make the Central Committee obey his will.

In order to prevent Zhang Guotao's conspiracy, the Central Committee decided to take organizational means to take the former Red front army headquarters as the Red Army's front enemy general headquarters and Xu Xiangqian as commander in chief.

Chen Changhao served as political commissar and Xie Jianying served as chief of staff.

Xie Jianying resolutely implemented the instructions from the central authorities and insisted on solidarity with the red Fourth Army comrades.

But Chen Changhao was obedient to Zhang Guotao.

In order to fight for Chen Changhao, Mao Zedong himself came forward to do Chen's work, trying to make him take the overall situation as the key, obey the Central Committee, and move the Department northward.

In September 8, 1935, Zhang Guotao ordered the right army to stop North and prepare to go down south. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and others jointly called Zhang Guotao to explain the harm of South China in detail and promote it to the north.

But Zhang Guotao not only did not follow, but instead ordered Chen Changhao to go south.

When the telegram arrived in Xie Jianying's hands, Chen Changhao was speaking. Xie Jianying saw the telegram and knew that it was a matter of great importance. He immediately sent the telegram to Mao Zedong when he saw the name of the toilet, and told him to leave the place immediately and go to the Red Army.

When Mao Zedong saw the telegram, he knew that the situation was very serious. He immediately discussed with Wang Jiaxiang and Zhou Enlai, and decided decisively that the rate of red one and the three regiments should go north alone.

Xie Jianying's tactful action made the Party Central Committee out of danger in time.

Mao Zedong was very aware of the interests of this matter. He once touched his head with humor and said: "Comrade Xie Jianying has made great achievements in the crucial moment.

Without him, there would be no such thing.

He saved the party, saved the Red Army, and saved our people.

Zhou Enlai also said, "that is a thrilling situation. It is a comrade at a critical moment."

4. unity and anti Japanese United Front.

After the red army arrived in Northern Shaanxi, the Northeast Army and the northwest army gave the Red Army "encirclement and suppression" according to Jiang Jieshi's fate.

At that time, the Japanese had encroached on the whole territory of Northeast China.

In order to facilitate the formation of the unity and anti Japanese situation, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Xie Jianying to the United Front work.

He went deep into the frontiers of the two armies, and after many contacts and active propaganda, the Northeast Army, the seventeen Route Army and the Red Army changed from enemy to friendly force.

After the Xi'an incident, Xie Jianying and Zhou Enlai went to Xi'an to negotiate.

My party, I delivered a speech on the issue of war and friction against Japan, gave merciless revelations against the negative actions of the Kuomintang die hards, and actively combating communism, and gave a reasonable reply to the anti Communist views of the die hards.

Dong Biwu called Xie Jianying's speech "tongue tied".

After the Wannan incident, Xie Jianying organized the "truth of the New Fourth Army, the Wannan troops to be surrounded and annihilated" all night. They were printed as leaflets, widely distributed, exposing the crimes committed by the Kuomintang reactionaries to slaughter the Anti Japanese patriotic forces, so that our party was further supported by progressives and made the Kuomintang die hards more notorious.

In the most brutal era of the war of resistance against Japan, Xie Jianying returned to Yanan to serve as the chief of staff of the Central Military Commission.

After he came to power, he caught the construction of the political, ideological, military and working style of the staff organs on the one hand, and actively provided materials for the Central Military Commission's strategy and campaign decisions on the other hand, and put forward some reliable opinions or suggestions.

In short, during the war of resistance against Japan, whether in the work of Anti Japanese united front or in the work of the staff, Xie Jianying used all the ingenuity and wisdom to make great efforts in the war of resistance against Japan.

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5. strategizing and winning

After the outbreak of the full-scale civil war, Xie Jianying served as the chief of staff of the Chinese people's Liberation Army and helped Mao Zedong command the national liberation war.

The Central Military Commission is the supreme command organ of the war of liberation.

Xie Jianying led the General Staff Headquarters to provide information for the Central Military Commission's decision on war, responsible for communication and liaison, convey the operational orders of the Military Commission, summarize the situation and situation report of each war zone, put forward the necessary suggestions and opinions, formulate operational plans, plans and so on.

It is precisely because of the efficient work of the General Staff Department that the Central Military Commission in the valley of the rear area is well-informed, accurate and timely. After the army set up the Liaison Office of the Red Army in the west, Xie Jianying took the lead here.

He actively carried out solidarity and anti Japanese work and contributed to the formation of the second Kuomintang communist cooperation.

After the Lugou Bridge incident, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China called on the whole country to call on the Chinese people, the government and the army to unite and fight against Japan together.

Under pressure, Jiang Jieshi agreed to resist Japan and invited Zhu and Mao to attend the National Defense Conference in Nanjing.

According to Jiang Jieshi's character, Xie Jianying resolutely pressed the Central Committee, and put forward the suggestion that Mao did not have to go and Zhu had to go.

After the approval of the Central Committee, Xie Jianying went to Nanjing with Zhou Enlai and Zhu De to attend the meeting. At the meeting, Xie Jianying made a speech on "strategy and strategy".

After the "813" incident, Jiang Jieshi had to declare the national war of resistance against Japan.

After many rounds of negotiations between the two sides, the agreement was finally reached and the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was realized.

The Red Army was reorganized as the Eighth Route Army of the national revolutionary army. Xie Jianying was appointed to the Eight Route Army chief of staff.

After the full-scale war of resistance against Japan came into being, Xie Jianying was ordered to serve as the representative of the Eight Route Army in Nanjing. He used all kinds of opportunities to rescue a large number of revolutionary comrades held by the Kuomintang along with Zhou Enlai.

In order to develop our party's Anti Japanese forces, Xie Jianying promoted the establishment of the New Fourth Army with the Red Army guerrillas as the backbone in the eight provinces of the south, and invited Ye Ting to serve as commander in chief.

Xie Jianying used his legal status to publicize the Anti Japanese United Front in Wuhan, Changsha, Guilin and other places, and do everything possible to fight for more anti Japanese forces.

For the friction made by the Kuomintang die hards, Xie Jianying grasps the opportunity and resolutely counterattack according to Mao Zedong's principles of reasonability, benefit and integrity.

In March 1940, he used the opportunity of attending the conference of chief of staff held by Jiang Jieshi to know the national war situation well, and the operational decisions were in line with the reality and the order of operations was timely.

All these are the achievements created by Xie Jianying's leading organs.

With the pformation of our army from strategic retreat to strategic counterattack, the number of our army has increased dramatically, and the training of cadres has become a very prominent problem.

In the summer of 1948, according to the instructions of the Party Central Committee, Xie Jianying founded the North China military and Political University in Shijiazhuang. He was the principal and political commissar.

He personally selected teachers.

In the absence of teachers, we dare to hire those who are truly talented and willing to work for the Communist Party to be instructors from the enemy camp.

In the war environment, the lack of teaching materials is a very practical problem. He personally organized faculty members to collect all the materials available for military education at home and abroad, and combined with the actual conditions of our army, he compiled more than 50 teaching materials in about half a year.

Under the leadership of Xie Jianying, the Hubei military and political university soon took up the task of pporting talents to the PLA.

After the battle of Ping Jin, Xie Jianying was ordered to be appointed director and mayor of the military management committee of Beiping city. He participated in the negotiation of the peaceful liberation of Beiping and led the heavy work of taking over Beiping's organs, enterprises and institutions.

When Beiping's work was formal and the CPC Central Committee began preparations for the founding of the people's Republic of China, Xie Jianying was ordered to serve as the first Secretary of the newly established Southern China branch. He was ordered to go down south and coordinate all aspects of relations to prepare for the liberation of Guangdong and the South China Sea Islands.

Beginning at the end of September 1949, under the command of generals such as Xie Jianying and Chen Geng, the campaign to liberate the Guangdong and Guangxi was launched, and Guangzhou was liberated in October 14th.

Then he entered Guangxi and destroyed the remnants and bandits of the Kuomintang.

After the basic liberation of land, Xie Jianying joined in organizing and commanding the landing operation of Hainan Island, liberating Hainan Island and eliminating the reactionary forces in the coastal areas.

6., pay attention to education and build national defense.

After 1954, Xie Jianying served as vice chairman of the Military Commission, Minister of supervision, training director and acting minister.

He was appointed president and political commissar of the Academy of Military Sciences in 1958.

During this period, he devoted his energies to the normalization and modernization of our army.

As early as 1956, Xie Jianying made clear the major issues such as "the characteristics of the operation of the army under the condition of atomic weapons and the training of the army in the night".

Xie Jianying personally organized the Liaodong Peninsula anti landing exercise, simulated the use of atomic weapons and chemical weapons under the conditions of the anti landing campaign.

Xie Jianying paid attention to military education. In the summer of 1956, he held a military academy work conference. At the meeting, he put forward that the central task of the army in peacetime is training, and training focuses on the thought of cadres.

It puts forward the "three level system" in military academies, emphasizing that the promotion officers must be trained by corresponding institutions.

Xie Jianying paid particular attention to military training in peacetime.

In the autumn of 1963, he met Guo Xingfu's teaching method in a briefing on military training.

In December, he went to the Nanjing military region to watch the live performance of Guo Xingfu's teaching method.

After watching the performance, he not only gave high praise, but also made a summary in person, which made Guo Xingfu's teaching method more systematized and organized.

He put forward the idea that soldiers should be trained like "a tiger like a tiger". Mao Zedong was sure of it. Mao Zedong said, "I am most interested in this one."

Under the efforts of Xie Jianying, the Central Military Commission issued instructions to call on the whole army to launch a campaign to learn Guo Xingfu's teaching methods. Soon, a whole army's mass training campaign was vigorously launched in full swing.

Xie Jianying made outstanding contributions to our army's peacetime construction work and opened up a new prospect for military education and training in the new era.

During the "Cultural Revolution", Xie Jianying fought resolutely against Lin Biao and Jiang Qing's anti party groups.

In such extreme and exceptional circumstances, he will do his best to do his job well if he is to be presided over.

In order to uphold justice, he dares to fight tit for tat with Lin Biao and the gang of four, regardless of his personal safety.

In October 1976, in the struggle to smash the gang of four, Xie Jianying played a key role in saving the country from danger.

After the "Cultural Revolution" ended, Xie Jianying served as chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission and Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

His works enrich Mao Zedong's military thought, and the main works have been paid to "the anthology of Xie Jianying".

He is a scholar and a scholar, a master of Confucianism, a master of poetry and the seven laws of particular work. In 1983, he was published in the anthology of Xie Jianying's poems.