Looking At The Development Prospect Of Cotton Mechanization From The Present Situation Of Cotton Industry In China
China's cotton is the highest in the world regardless of its planting area or output.
However, compared with the advanced cotton growing countries, our cotton production mode is backward, the scale of operation is small, the labor productivity is low, and the production cost is relatively high.
This paper analyzes the development prospects of cotton mechanization in the light of the current situation of cotton industry in China.
Current situation of cotton industry in China
Cotton planting in China has a long history and is one of the most important cash crops in China.
China's cotton production area is basically stable, mainly concentrated in three main cotton producing areas of Xinjiang, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River Basin.
Due to many historical and national factors, China's cotton mechanization level is very low, and is still in its infancy.
Many cotton plants in the Yellow River and Yangtze river basins are still in the whole artificial stage, and the mechanization level of machine sowing and machine harvesting is very low, which wastes a lot of manpower and material resources.
And the mechanization level of Xinjiang cotton producing area is now at the leading level of the whole country, basically close to the world advanced level. Xinjiang cotton region is located in the hinterland of Eurasian continent, and its heat condition is better.
Cotton region
The average temperature of the hottest month is more than 25 degrees Celsius. In the cotton growing period, the solar radiation is sufficient, the total sunshine hours are about 2600h, the rainfall is small, and the light and hot water resources are very rich.
At present, the comprehensive mechanization degree of agricultural production in Xinjiang Corps is 82%, and the degree of mechanization of cotton production is 43%. Besides the cotton harvest needs to rely entirely on manual completion, other production links basically have realized the mechanized operation.
Compared with the fierce competition in the domestic and international market, the international challenge of cotton production is becoming more and more serious.
Therefore, there are many problems that should not be overlooked: the quality of cotton varieties in China is not good enough to meet the needs of the international market.
Our country
cotton
The yield is very low, and cotton growers have low efficiency in planting cotton.
China's cotton production is low in mechanization, low in production efficiency and high in cost.
The cotton production of cotton growers in China is basically based on traditional manual farming and picking, with low mechanization, low production efficiency and high cost. It is at the expense of profit, and even loses money in the cotton market.
Development prospect of cotton industry in China
In recent years, cotton prices have gradually changed from market to market, which poses some challenges to cotton production in China.
It requires cotton production to reduce planting costs and increase the output per unit area, especially the level of mechanization of cotton. Agricultural mechanization is the inevitable trend of agricultural development. Similarly, mechanization of cotton is also an inevitable trend in cotton production. Replacing manpower with heavy labor by machine will be the only way for cotton production in China in the future.
Therefore, the application of production mechanization technology is particularly important, for example, cotton production.
Mechanics
Chemical technology.
The mechanization technology of cotton production includes mechanical tillage, mechanical film mulching, mechanical seedling raising, mechanical pplanting, mechanical plant protection, mechanical ploughing and topdressing, mechanical harvesting, mechanical pulling wood and cottonseed mechanical develping.
The core contents are sowing, potting, seedling raising, pplanting, planting and topdressing, plant protection and harvesting.
At present, mechanization operations have been basically realized in cotton production, such as cotton field cultivation, seeding (direct seeding), plant protection, irrigation and drainage, etc. many links have been developed for mechanical bowl making, mechanical pplanting and mechanical cotton pulling.
Again, cotton field mechanized arable land and soil preparation.
It can achieve the quality (such as the depth of cultivated land) which is difficult to achieve by human and animal forces, and can be combined with many processes to improve work efficiency and operation quality.
There are ploughs, deep ploughing ploughs, rakes, crushing ditching machines, ridging machines, etc. the cotton fields with green manure in southern China's cotton growing areas, as well as the burying machine for overturning green manure, etc.
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Through large area mechanized planting and picking, we can fundamentally solve the current situation of picking up flower workers in the picking season, increasing labor wages and increasing the cost of cotton planting, effectively improving labor productivity, reducing the cost of value cotton, raising the value of cotton, maximizing the interests of cotton farmers, and developing the cotton industry healthily.
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