Application Of Superfine Dry Powder Extinguishing Device In Shoe Industry Fire

As a pillar industry of local economic construction, the footwear industry in Zibo plays a very important role in solving the problem of labor employment and increasing fiscal revenue and so on. Therefore, the development of footwear industry has been encouraged and supported by the government.

According to incomplete statistics, there are more than two hundred factories in Zibo and nearly about 300000 employees.

But from the perspective of fire safety, there are many fire hazards in the footwear industry, which will bring certain impact on social economic development and people's lives and property. Once a fire breaks out, it will easily cause heavy casualties.

According to the situation of daily fire supervision and inspection, due to historical reasons, most shoe industry units have not been put into use without fire check and acceptance, resulting in fire hazards everywhere and shocking. Fire accidents caused by this happen frequently, seriously affecting the normal production of shoes industry, and threatening the safety of employees.

This paper starts with analyzing the hidden danger of fire in shoes industry, and puts forward the corresponding fire prevention and fire protection measures for readers' reference.

First, the fire characteristics of footwear industry, according to the production characteristics of shoes industry and the actual management level, the fire hazards of shoe industry units are mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1, flammable, flammable goods and fire loads are large.

In the production process, the footwear industry has used a large number of PVC leather, PU leather, non-woven fabrics, nylon cloth, paper products and other combustible materials, and toluene, solvents and other inflammable and explosive materials, which are very easy to cause fire when used.

Moreover, these articles will generate toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, cyanide, nitrogen oxides and so on, which will pose a great threat to their lives.

In addition, some shoe factories do not set up separate warehouses because of the smaller plant area, and the workshop is mixed with warehouses. Even shoes are stacked on the evacuation passageways. In the case of fire, it is very easy to cause the situation of burning and battalion.

2, personnel intensive, evacuation width is insufficient.

Shoe industry, as a labor-intensive enterprise, uses a large number of skilled workers in the process of sewing, semi-finished products, blanking, molding and so on.

In order to ensure fire safety, the workshop must have a certain evacuation width, but the actual situation is that the shoe factory's evacuation width is not enough enough to meet the specification requirements.

For example, a five storey factory building, with a single floor area of 2000 square meters, contains 800 workers in the five floor sewing machine shop. According to article 3.5.4 of the code for fire protection design of buildings, the index of evacuation of the five floor workshop is 1 meters, and the total evacuation width of 800 workers should be 8 meters. However, the actual evacuation width of the workshop is only 3.6 meters, reaching only the specified 45%.

Fire often causes evacuation difficulties, and most of these workers are not trained in fire safety training before they go to work. They lack the necessary knowledge of fire prevention and escape, and their ability to save themselves is poor. Once a fire breaks out, it will lead to serious casualties.

3, building fire facilities are inadequate.

A large part of shoe factories are leased by others' factories for production. The plants themselves have not been examined and checked by fire, and have not set up necessary fire pools, fire pump houses and indoor and outdoor hydrants, failing to meet the requirements of fire safety.

Some shoe factory fire extinguishing equipment is also used to extinguish the B and C fire extinguishers. There are some problems such as incorrect models and insufficient quantity. It is very difficult to use these extinguishing devices to effectively extinguish early fires after the fire, causing small fires to cause fires and create irreparable economic losses.

4, electrical wiring layout is not standardized, lighting type selection error.

The electrical equipment, lighting and distribution lines in the unit are numerous and widely distributed, but the electrical wiring and equipment of the workshop are mostly installed by non professional electricians. There are many problems such as the electrical line scrambling and scrambling, the switch section of the switch switch, the rated working current of the air switch too high, the operation of the electric machine running off, the flammable goods stacked under the switch switch, and the lighting of the fluorescent lamp in the warehouse. All these are the hidden dangers of electrical fire.

5, warehouse fire safety management confusion.

The raw material and finished goods warehouse is an important part of the shoe production unit, but the owner often only attaches importance to the security measures, but neglects the fire safety, and there are more fire hazards. The main manifestations are: the warehouse is mixed with the workshop, and there is no effective fire separation; two, the stacking of goods in the warehouse is irregular, the stacking distance and the light distance are not in line with the requirements of the "warehouse fire safety management rules"; three, there is no establishment of specialized dangerous goods storehouse, no classified storage, and the storage of class A and B stores in the intermediate warehouse of the workshop exceeds the requirement of one day and night; four, the fire compartment with the open type cargo ladder to be destroyed in the warehouse, and the fire inspection area that destroys the warehouse. Five, the inspection and registration system for storage is not established, and the hidden danger is easily brought into the warehouse.

6, overload operation is easy to cause accidents.

Footwear industry is usually produced by order, with tight schedule and heavy task.

In order to complete the order task, the owners often require employees to work overtime, mechanical equipment overloaded for a long time, workers are not able to keep up with energy, and they are more prone to fire safety accidents when they are tired.

Two, preventive measures for fire hazards in shoe industry units, some owners lack of fire safety knowledge, do not know the risk of fire, while others have a fluke mentality, do not pay attention to fire, rectification of fire hazards attitude is not positive.

In order to effectively eliminate fire hazards in the footwear industry, protect the safety of life and property of owners, and ensure the smooth progress of local economic construction, the author believes that the fire safety work of shoe factories should be jointly handled by the government from three aspects, namely, strengthening the leadership of the fire safety work of footwear industry, strengthening supervision and inspection by public security fire agencies, and conscientiously performing the duties of fire safety in shoe factories.

1, strengthen the leadership of fire safety and ensure that leaders are in place.

The public security fire control institutions should report to the local governments the fire hazards of the footwear production units in time, and get the government's attention and support for the fire protection work.

The government earnestly strengthens the leadership of the fire safety work of footwear industry, organizes the relevant departments such as the economic and Trade Bureau, the township enterprise bureau, the Safety Production Supervision Bureau and the public security fire department, and carries out the special fire prevention and control work for the footwear industry. Through joint efforts and joint enforcement, the owners of the shoe factories are urged to take effective measures to rectify the fire hazards. At the same time, we should give full play to the public opinion supervision function of the news media such as television and newspapers, vigorously publicize the positive models of actively rectify the hidden dangers of fire, and resolutely expose the units of major fire hazards that have not been changed for a long time, so as to promote the purpose of encouraging advanced and pushing ahead, and promote the in-depth implementation of the special fire prevention work of shoe factories.

2, intensify fire supervision and ensure that law enforcement is in place.

While carrying out the special management of fire safety in footwear industry, public security fire agencies should organize serious supervision and inspection of footwear industry, issue legal documents in time for fire hazards, and inform owners to take measures to eliminate hidden dangers within a time limit.

At the same time, in line with the principle of "strict enforcement and enthusiastic service", we should actively help the owners to work out a feasible rectification plan according to the actual situation of shoe factories, which can reduce fire risks and make little impact on the normal production of enterprises.

For example, we should make use of natural lakes, rivers and underground wells to make fire pools for shoes factories, adjust the floor positions of the workshops, and try to make the densely packed needle trucks and punching workshop on the one or two floor of the workshop.

For those enterprises who refuse to rectify fire hazards, public security fire agencies should conscientiously perform their statutory duties and make good use of laws and regulations to seriously investigate and solve problems such as safe evacuation, storage of dangerous goods storehouses, fire separation of workshops and warehouses, fire fighting facilities, etc., and resolutely prevent and curb the occurrence of serious and serious fire accidents in shoes industry.

3, establish the system according to the requirements, and supervise the implementation of the system.

In the process of strengthening supervision and inspection, public security fire agencies should focus on publicizing the provisions of the sixty-first order of the Ministry of public security on fire safety management of organs, organizations, enterprises and public institutions, so as to help owners truly establish the consciousness of responsibility for fire safety responsibility.

In accordance with the provisions of order No. 61, the owners should conscientiously perform their duties of fire safety, cooperate with the fire departments to carry out fire prevention work, and establish a fire safety management mechanism within the enterprise, which is "safety self inspection, hidden danger self removal, responsibility conceit and supervision", and strive to improve the ability of self defense and self rescue of enterprises.

(1) implement the responsibility system for fire safety.

According to the characteristics of shoe production, we should establish and improve the fire safety organization, identify the fire safety responsibility persons from factories, workshops, warehouses to teams and groups, clarify the responsibilities of fire safety, implement fire safety responsibility system, and organize fire safety management systems including fire prevention inspection, inspection, safety evacuation management, fire hazard rectification, fire and electricity management, inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and premises, fire and explosion prevention, warehouse fire safety management, fire fighting emergency evacuation drills, and electrical equipment inspection and management, etc., and formulate operating procedures for all kinds of shoemaking equipment to ensure fire safety. Enterprise

(2) earnestly carry out fire prevention inspection.

Enterprises should conduct fire prevention inspections at least once a month, focusing on the operation of indoor and outdoor fire extinguishing systems, the configuration and effectiveness of fire extinguishing equipment, whether there is any violation of fire and electricity, the situation of safe evacuation facilities, the fire safety management of storehouses, and the fire and explosion prevention measures of inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and places. We also confirm that the fire management personnel, hydropower workers and security personnel of enterprises should strengthen the night fire prevention inspections of workshops and warehouses, timely correct violations of the regulations, properly handle fire hazards, and ensure the safety of enterprises, especially at night during the overtime booking.

(3) increase the risk of rectification.

In case of fire hazards discovered by fire prevention inspection of enterprises or fire hazards ordered by public security fire agencies to make corrections within a prescribed time limit, owners should ensure the implementation of rectification measures from funds and personnel, ensure fire separation between workshop and warehouse, inflammable and explosive dangerous goods storehouse, safe evacuation facilities, indoor and outdoor hydrant system, laying of electrical circuits, installation of electrical equipment, fire safety management of storehouses, lighting of lamps and lanterns, and installation of cargo staircases, etc., in line with fire safety technical regulations.

(4) strengthen staff fire training.

Enterprises should organize new posts and staff entering new posts to carry out fire safety training before taking up posts, take frequent and close publicity and education on fire safety in a colorful and close to factory form, and raise staff's awareness of fire safety and basic fire safety knowledge and fire skills while actively guiding employees to start from the actual situation of shoe factories, seriously considering the fire prevention measures and extinguishing methods of footwear positions, and vigorously improving the effectiveness of publicity and education and training.

(5) organize fire fighting exercises.

According to the characteristics of footwear industry, we should make timely plans for fire fighting and emergency evacuation in shoe factories, and organize the factory's volunteer fire brigade consisting of the backbone of the team and the security personnel, organize a fire drill and emergency evacuation plan every year, and constantly improve the fire fighting and emergency evacuation plans by testing the procedures and measures of fire fighting organization command, alarm and alarm disposal procedures, emergency evacuation, fire fighting, and fire protection and emergency rescue, so as to enhance the psychological quality of employees and enhance their ability to resist fire.

Four, the selection of fire fighting design and fire extinguishing equipment for shoes production enterprises should be based on the fire condition and fire protection requirements of the shoemaking industry. We must have strong pertinence in selecting and matching fire fighting equipment before we can really play the role of fire fighting.

From the perspective of extinguishing agents, dry powder extinguishing agents should be selected; from the perspective of fire extinguishing efficiency, it is advisable to use automatic fire extinguishing equipment equipped with the fastest start-up and high extinguishing efficiency; compared with water mist, foam and carbon dioxide, the ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent is far superior to the latter in three aspects, namely, the efficiency of fire extinguishing, the area of fire extinguishment and the cost of equivalent unit fire extinguishment.

Its advantages include: fast fire extinguishing efficiency, wide use of temperature range, no special requirements for the environment; installation, maintenance, simple and convenient; no external power, water.

At the same time, it also has the advantages of innocuity, no pollution and safety.

It can be said that it is the most suitable fire extinguishing product for shoemaking industry.

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