Under The New Situation Of Labor Shortage: The Wages Of Migrant Workers Are Directly Catching Up With The North.

　 The company is suffering from the escalation of labor pains, and the workers pay directly to the north.

　 Guangdong Dalang Town: "labor shortage" enterprise transformation anxiety

" Just listen to the sound of machine. "Push up production costs."

"Before the manual loom, 1 workers could only operate 1 machines. Six months ago, we changed half automata. 1 workers were able to see 2 machines. Now we have all changed to computer, 1 computers are equivalent to 8 manual machines, and 1 workers are now able to see 6 computers at the same time. That is to say, 1 workers are now equivalent to the productivity of 48 workers in the past. Wei Yingyu, the administrative manager of Guangdong Dongguan and Dalang, told the economic reference daily.

Wei Yingyu also told reporters that the factory's production conditions are all normal this year. The boss has been flying to Brazil in recent days, hoping to open up new export markets and reduce dependence on European and American markets in order to resist the impact of external economic turbulence.

stay Recruitment difficulties The reality is that enterprises are still expanding their production. What is the bottom line? Reporters came to Yuhe garment production workshop, but were surprised to find that the production workshop like football field was full of old machines, covered with dust on the rain cloth, and the loom of the looms came from the new cars not far away. The new production workshop can be described as "only the sound of machine, not the human figure". Apart from one or two workers visiting the machine, 16 computer looms are running continuously.

In the production workshop, enterprises that only listen to machines and do not see human beings are more than Yu and one garment manufacturer. Dalang town enterprises, known as "the world's woollen capital", have invested funds to upgrade equipment and improve production efficiency, trying to reduce dependence on labor. Small businesses like Yuhe have experienced a further upgrade after six months of equipment renewal. The large scale enterprises are more in step, and imported German CNC looms worth nearly 1 million yuan, including not only weaving technology but also sewing operation.

As the traditional production base of Chinese woolen sweaters, Dalang has more than 3000 wool weaving enterprises, and its dependence on manual products has reached 90%. However, with the increasingly thin population dividend, enterprises have invested funds to upgrade equipment, improve production efficiency and reduce labor dependence. The total number of CNC looms used in the whole town has increased from less than 1000 units in 2005 to nearly 30 thousand units now. Dalang has become a distributing center for numerical control looms. In 2011, the gross domestic product exceeded 14 billion 400 million yuan, an increase of 5% over the same period last year. The total industrial output value exceeded 30 billion 500 million yuan, an increase of 4.7%, and the total export volume was 1 billion 620 million US dollars, an increase of 1%.

According to the investigation by the relevant departments of Dongguan at the end of 2011, the operating costs of enterprises are rising rapidly in the short run due to various factors. The composite average increased by 11.5%, and the operating cost of micro export enterprises increased by 18%. Among them, the increase in raw material prices is the main reason, accounting for 64.4% of the increase in the cost of enterprises, an average increase of 14%; followed by rising labor costs, accounting for 14.9% of the increase in enterprise costs, an average increase of 14.4%; third is the appreciation of the renminbi and other factors, since 2011, the renminbi has appreciated more than 4%, which is close to the breakeven point of small and medium-sized enterprises. The profit margins of enterprises have been further squeezed, and the profit margins of enterprises have generally been reduced by 2 to 3 percentage points.

However, Transformation and upgrading It's not easy. Dalang city leading wool weaving enterprise Ying Qi Industrial Co., Ltd. is only one of the equipment renewal, the enterprise has invested 3 hundred million. Ceng Tianren, chief executive officer of the company, said that the cost of equipment renewal can be recovered less than 3 years before 2007, and that it will take 5 years from 2008 to 2010, but it will take 7 years in today's economic operation.

In addition, the problem of population aging has begun to emerge in traditional labor intensive enterprises. Reporters in many wool textile enterprises on the assembly line to see, the workers who work here are mostly middle-aged women, especially in small and medium enterprises, it is hard to find young people's figure. He Yaping, a woman worker from the Xianyang rural area of Shaanxi, said that young people are unwilling to do these laborious needlework. They can get started in less than half a month in the factory, but they need at least 3 months for their handicraft, and they can not bear the quality and the quality of the products is not good.

Whether it is transformation and upgrading or transfer, the labor dilemma has made the manufacturing industry relying on cheap workers develop deep anxiety and breakout has become the consensus of enterprises. Wei Yingyu said that although the cost of equipment renewal is very high, even if the domestic machine needs 100 thousand yuan per unit, our semiautomatic loom will be eliminated for half a year, but this is also necessary. Because the reality is that fewer and fewer workers, and higher wages, enterprises can not wait to upgrade. Although numerically controlled looms are expensive, their production efficiency is high, and many complex patterns can not be woven manually. They can reduce labor dependence while reducing labor intensity. Nowadays, workers only need to watch the machine change their stitches and replace wires. They are not as nervous as they used to be.

Under the pressure of employment, Dalang town The productivity of local residents has also been excavated. Some families have put out semi automatic looms which are eliminated by factories and opened small workshops at home. In the town of Dou Dou street in the central town of Dalang, there is such a family. They have provided 2 semi-automatic looms, and the women of the family are responsible for taking care of them. The hostess said that looms did not need to stare at all times. They could buy vegetables, cook and take care of children as usual, and had more than 1 thousand yuan of extra income.