Spinning And Weaving Industry Upgrading And Transformation Into A Core

According to the national policy, China will enter a well-off society in 2020. In the process of developing a well-off society, the transformation and upgrading of many industries will be a key task in this period. Yao Mu, honorary president of the Chinese Academy of engineering and Xi'an Polytechnic University, said that in the process of industrial transformation and upgrading, Scientific Outlook on Development must first be subordinated to the sustainable development. At the same time, we must adhere to the innovative development path of combining politics, production, learning, research and Application.

Cost forced to stimulate a new round of industrial transfer

Yao Mu said that with the accelerated pace of economic globalization, the international industrial transfer has seen three major climaxes: the first was in 50s twentieth Century, the United States shifted the traditional industries such as steel and textile to Japan and West Germany; the second was in 70s twentieth Century, and Japan and West Germany moved the labor-intensive and resource intensive industries with low added value to the newly industrialized countries and regions such as "four dragons" in Asia. The third time since twentieth Century twentieth Century, the newly industrialized countries such as Europe, Japan and other developed countries and Asian "four dragons" moved their industries which did not have competitive advantages to developing countries represented by China. At this time, the focus of industrial transfer is low middle grade clothing Household and domestic textiles, as well as some garments and home textiles.

In 2003, low-grade textile and garment products began to shift from China to South Asia and Southeast Asia. Although the number of transfers began to slow down at the beginning, the trend of acceleration was obvious in recent years. During this period, the most advanced textile products of the economically developed textile giants continue to shift to China, which is the general trend of international industrial transfer.

At home, the textile industry from eastern to central and Western gradient transfer is mainly in two situations. One is the low-grade products consumed in the Midwest, which are closely related to the consumption characteristics of the region. The brand still uses the traditional brand in the eastern region, relying on the advantages of the raw material producing areas, reducing the transportation cost of raw materials, the transportation cost and labor cost of the products, and the other is relying on the processing of the industrial chain in the central and western parts of China to produce semi-finished products, and the terminal of the industrial chain still stays in the eastern region, and the products are mainly sold to the Eastern market and the foreign market. In this regard, the cotton spinning industry, cotton lint processing viscose fiber industry in Xinjiang, the cashmere combing industry in Ningxia and some mid and low grade cashmere products processing industries in recent years, the silk industry, the cotton spinning industry in Chongqing, the textile processing industry in Anhui, the ramie in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi are introduced in this regard. Spin The processing industry, Guangxi's mulberry silk industry and so on are quite distinctive.

Compared with the previous industrial transfer, the cause of the transfer of the textile industry is more complicated. Yao Mu told reporters that the international shift of the textile industry last century was mainly due to the difference in labor costs. Today's industrial transfer, on the one hand, is affected by the rising cost of labor, transportation, land and energy. Enterprises in the eastern region will continue to produce low-grade products and will not be able to continue. Therefore, the processing of low-grade textile products will be transferred from the east to the central and Western Regions, while low-grade products can only be transferred to Southeast Asia and South Asia.

On the other hand, textile materials (including natural fibers and chemical fibers) will have a severe development in the future. Due to the global population explosion, the state stipulates that the existing cultivated land is mainly used for growing grain, and natural fiber planting will not be used as much as possible, but the raw materials of chemical fiber are mainly raw materials such as oil and natural gas. But oil and natural gas are expected to be depleted in the world in 2050. Therefore, synthetic fiber will also find alternative materials and make full use of biomass resources that can be regenerated, degraded, recycled and environmentally friendly. "These textile raw material resources have greater limitations in the eastern region and have to be transferred to the central and western regions." {page_break}

Raw materials restrict Industrial Development

In the process of industrial transfer, Yao Mu advocated that under the guidance of the combination of "politics, production, learning, research and application", we should develop in a planned way under the premise of giving full play to the leading role of local governments.

First, local governments should be careful and clear when formulating development plans. Because planning is not only a matter of one or two years, it should co-ordinate with all aspects of local planning, including land use, transportation, energy and power, sewage treatment, and circulation market.

The two is systematic planning, including fiber supply system, electric energy system, sewage treatment system, transportation system, financial information and so on. We should pay special attention to the raw material supply system.

In Yao Mu's view, in the past ten years, the most serious problem restricting the development of the industry is Textile fiber raw materials 。

First of all, we must plan and plan the production plan, balance of efficacy, price fluctuation and state reserve plan of textile fiber raw materials. Although China is an important textile producing country in the world, it is also the most serious gap in the supply gap of textile fiber raw materials. According to statistics, in recent ten years, China's cotton fiber 30% depends on imports, sheep wool 85% depends on imports, viscose fiber pulp 65% relies on imports, synthetic fiber chemical raw materials 90% rely on imports. Therefore, in the process of industrial development, production scale, fiber consumption and so on are important planning contents.

Secondly, the quality of China's textile fiber raw materials has deteriorated seriously in recent years. After the cotton fiber transgenic insect resistant varieties were widely promoted, the fibers became coarse and could not adapt to the high and soft requirements of cotton type clothing textiles. After the introduction of Liaoning cashmere goats, although the yield increased, the fineness index decreased seriously, not only could not produce high-grade cashmere products, but also could not use normal cashmere products; ramie fiber varieties were thicker and itchy, which led to a sharp decrease of 40% in product sales in recent five years, and it was largely discontinued in the international market, especially in the United States.

The reason for these problems is that when we promote new varieties, we only care about output and quality. "Nowadays, most of the leading enterprises in China's textile industry are producing their own fiber raw materials, but the problem of raw materials is not resolved, so the production of high-end products is just empty talk." Yao Muru said.

The core of transformation is industrial upgrading and transformation.

Facing the new stage of international industrial transfer, Yao Mu believes that the core of industrial transfer at this stage is the upgrading and transformation of industries. In his view, the core of transformation and upgrading of textile industry includes: the production of raw materials from textile production, the production of textile dyeing and finishing technology, equipment, equipment, auxiliaries, accessories, textile products processing technology, equipment, technology, production chain, accessories, accessories, and the complete production and processing and sales system of the final product market and sales system; vigorously developing technological innovation, producing high-grade products with new functions, forming a complete design, processing and market research and innovation system; paying close attention to the pollution discharge problems in the textile processing process; and making the best efforts to solve the technological innovation work of energy saving, emission reduction, water saving and consumption reduction. Top grade clothes We must attach importance to standardization work, formulate reasonable standards and correct labels, attach importance to the issue of "carbon footprint" and "water footprint" in the production of textile products, and form a reasonable management system to prepare for the arrival of the new international threshold; effectively build a reasonable system and enterprise self-management system, fundamentally solve the problem of corporate integrity, overcome the problem of disorderly competition, blindly overcapacity development, change the vision and attach importance to the development of industrial textiles, and form a stable and complete financial support system.