Wenling Shoe Industry Credit Risk Is Valued

Whether the credit funds of the rural cooperative banks are safe depends largely on the changes of the local leading industries. Because of the rapid changes of the market economy, the fluctuation of the industry is unavoidable, which may lead to the risk of loans from the farmers' cooperative banks.

Therefore, the credit officers of NCIC must establish a scientific view of credit. They should neither blindly throw in nor take a broad brush. They should pay close attention to changes in the situation, pay close attention to capital movements, strengthen credit management and prevent credit risks.

The author investigates the current situation of Wenling shipbuilding industry, footwear industry and these two industries, and puts forward the countermeasures to prevent the risk of loans caused by industry fluctuations.

First, the "shipbuilding industry loan" is worth paying attention to. In recent years, the development of Wenling's shipbuilding industry can be described by "two words".

Last year, the output value of the shipbuilding industry in the city exceeded 5 billion yuan, while in 2003, the output value was 1 billion 200 million yuan, and it was more than 4 times in 4 years.

Of the 32 shipbuilding enterprises in Wenling, 17 of them are pine doors.

In recent years, the construction of 50 thousand tons of container ships, bulk carriers, finished oil tankers, general cargo ships and all kinds of ships has been initially formed in the town of song men, which has formed a complete system of ship building, ship repair, marine parts manufacturing and ship trading.

1, shipbuilding industry has large demand for capital.

As the shipbuilding industry is developing, it has become the focus of competition among financial institutions.

Because of the high cost of shipbuilding and the large amount of capital to be invested, financial institutions are competing for support for the shipbuilding industry.

According to statistics, only the loose door branch in the stock loans, involving the industry accounted for about 45%, or about 180 million yuan.

Therefore, it is necessary for NCB to pay attention to the impact of the current economic situation on shipbuilding industry, and strive to prevent credit risks caused by fluctuations in shipbuilding industry.

2, the difficulties faced by shipbuilding industry.

Due to rising prices of raw materials such as steel, shipbuilding costs continue to rise, profit margins shrink; exchange rate changes, export ships are difficult to maintain value.

The global recession will affect shipping demand and trigger a fall in ship prices.

According to the insiders, there will be an inflection point in the second half of 2009.

According to the forecast results of the new world ship demand announced by the European shipbuilding industry association (CESA), the world's new ship building capacity will reach 31 million 200 thousand tons in 2010, while the world's annual average annual demand for new ships is only 24 million tons.

CESA believes that over the next few years, there will be a surplus of products in the world's shipbuilding market.

Now is the rush hour. The old and new shipyards are building a shipyard like a swarm of ships, expanding their shipbuilding capacity, and rushing to the top so easily that the surplus capacity will easily arise.

3, countermeasures for credit risk prevention in shipbuilding industry.

In view of this situation, in the process of credit issuance, Nong Hang Bank should constantly strengthen its investigation and research, grasp the industry dynamics and analyze its business risk points.

First, strict access to customers.

In choosing loan customers, in addition to the general pre loan survey, we need to know the years of customers engaged in this industry, so as to infer the accumulation of their capital.

We must strictly control the new customers who have no original accumulation in the shipbuilding industry, understand the guaranty situation of customers for others, prevent the compensatory risks caused by large guarantee, understand the sources of deposits accumulated by customers according to their loans, and prevent the use of other deposits to be used, real loans, false deposits, and avoid credit risks.

Two is to strengthen daily research.

Nong Hang Bank credit personnel should regularly conduct business research to grasp the latest information in this industry and grasp the latest developments.

Especially after the loan is issued, we should strengthen the monitoring of the production of shipbuilding enterprises or shipowners, and follow up their safety production, management level, natural disaster prevention measures and insurance conditions, so as to provide first-hand information for credit decisions.

At the same time, monitor its daily capital flow to prevent misappropriation of funds or invest separately.

The three is to learn to give up and quit at the right time.

In the process of supporting shipbuilding industry, NCB loan personnel should enhance their risk awareness. Based on the investigation and research, we should comprehensively analyze the overall development and risk situation of the shipbuilding industry, carefully select customers, and learn to abandon some blind customers who have no original accumulation, and further eliminate hidden risks in the abandonment so as to improve the quality of credit assets.

Two, the "going to the bottom" of the shoe-making industry loans need to strengthen the management of the footwear industry in Wenling is one of the leading industries in Wenling, north of the city, Hengfeng and Ze Guo and other towns (streets) are mainly footwear industry.

According to the investigation of Chengbei street, there are more than 1000 enterprises, and more than 95% are related to footwear industry, such as shoe factories, recycling plants, carton factories, high frequency printing processes, etc.

1, the footwear industry is volatile.

The shoemaking industry in Wenling has a long history, and the footwear industry in the north of the city has a history of more than 10 years.

It is understood that the footwear industry has been developing rapidly, but the shoe industry once suffered a heavy blow in 1997. In that year, due to various reasons, the shoes were not salable, and most enterprises were in deficit.

After 1998, the shoe industry has been in good condition until last year.

This year, due to changes in the situation, many shoemaking enterprises are in a semi shutdown state. Only a few enterprises are in a better position than before, or there is a certain profit.

2, the footwear industry is facing four difficulties.

Compared with shoes produced in Fujian, Wenzhou and other places, Wenling shoes have the advantages of low cost and low price. Most enterprises produce low-grade shoes of about 20 yuan, but in the current economic situation, this advantage is gradually replaced by some provinces with low labor costs, such as Jiangxi. The shoe making enterprises are faced with four major difficulties, and the footwear industry is facing a shuffle.

A substantial increase in raw materials.

At present, raw materials such as leather used for shoemaking average increase by about 8%, and the increase of glue and some chemical raw materials is about 20%-30%.

If the sales contract of a shoemaking enterprise has already been signed, the selling price of the product has been fixed, and the price of raw materials will rise, and the profits will be reduced or even deficit. Even if the contract is not signed, because of the competition of the same industry, it is impossible to pfer all the prices of raw materials to old customers at once, and only step by step.

All of these results in the reduction of profit margins.

The two is the rising labor costs.

Because of the shortage of migrant workers in recent years, shoemaking enterprises generally carry out minimum wage in order to retain their employees. The bottom wage is generally 200 yuan higher than that of last year.

The footwear industry is a labor-intensive enterprise with a large number of working staff and a substantial increase in wages.

After the implementation of the new labor law, the employment system of enterprises is standardized, and the cost of employing labor is increased.

Three, the export situation is not optimistic.

Due to the devaluation of the dollar and the instability of the exchange rate, a part of the order will flow to the cheaper countries such as Vietnam and India; the changes in the international situation make the uncertainty factors increase, such as the decrease of the demand for shoe consumption caused by the American subprime crisis; on the eve of the Chinese Olympic Games, the control of the country's visa has been reduced by nearly 2/3, the flow of traffic is reduced, the orders are reduced, the customer's credit consciousness is not strong in some countries, and the phenomenon of the old customers' credit has occurred, causing the loss of the exporter's capital loss.

The four is the influence of national macroeconomic regulation and control.

In order to prevent China's economic growth from overheating to overheating, the state has implemented a tight monetary policy, and customers need more capital for a series of reasons, such as rising raw materials, backlog of products, and difficulty in payment of materials. The growth of credit scale can not meet the customers' demand for credit funds, and the customers are operating difficultly.

In view of the current situation of footwear industry, the footwear industry in Wenling is generally aware that improving the quality and creating brand is the most difficult way for the shoe industry. Although the situation of the shoe industry is grim, there are also opportunities. For example, employment by labor law can make production standardized, and the industry downturn will give energetic and powerful enterprises the opportunity to integrate and gather. By shuffling cards, it can promote industrial upgrading, product innovation and so on.

3, the management of credit funds for shoemaking industry.

Because of the recession of the shoe industry, the rural cooperative banks, which have the largest number of local loan households and the largest investment in supporting the footwear industry, are facing the potential threat of credit risk.

Therefore, Nong ho bank should pay close attention to enterprises that have invested in equipment and factories in recent years, and have invested a certain amount of money but have been running poorly.

We should pay close attention to the previous generation of enterprises that are better managed, the next generation will take over the paternal industry, but because they are young and expensive, and do not know how to calculate carefully, they may eat up their old books and have a credit crisis.

We should pay close attention to the fact that industrial parks in the last few years are generally in debt and have credit relations with many banks. Now they may be in a state of being unable to make ends meet. If a bank is unwilling to continue to support, the capital chain may break up.

To pay attention to the production plant has been rented, equipment can not be worth a few dollars, if there is a risk of corporate law slip away, thereby evading bank debt enterprises.

In the current economic environment, in order to prevent the risk of industrial fluctuations and trigger the chain reaction of dominoes, we must proceed from the following five aspects and strictly control credit risks.

First, strengthen the investigation.

For borrowers who often collect loans frequently, it is easy to ignore the pre loan investigation and make a good job of pre loan investigation. Because the situation has changed too fast in recent years, the borrower's situation may change greatly.

The pre loan survey can survey the shoe processing manufacturer, understand the payment of the goods, and understand the current situation of the customers from the same production colleagues, because they know different situations in making shoes for shoes, making shoes for children and making them. They can learn from their neighbors about their current production status, whether they are working normally or working overtime frequently.

The two is the deposit and loan hook.

For new loans, it is necessary to implement the method of deposit and loan linked to accumulated loans. Under the current situation of tight funds, it will provide timely help to the accumulated customers and reduce the risk of loans.

Three, we should adjust the credit policy appropriately.

In order to promote the loan optimization of agricultural cooperative loans, some of the customers who are not left behind by the savings and loan clients who have been left behind by history have promoted loan optimization. However, under the present circumstances, in order to prevent more customers from escaping or overdue loans, a temporary stable credit policy is adopted.

The four is to strengthen security.

Even if borrowers are in a better position, they can not relax the guarantee; some customers guarantee too much or the number of guarantee households is too high; they should be reduced appropriately; the three parties should try their best to avoid environmental protection; large loans should investigate their guarantor's Guaranty in other banks, and avoid interbank mutual protection as far as possible.

Five is to increase the supervision of credit personnel.

Check the implementation of various systems, prevent the moral hazard of credit personnel, and prevent credit risks from the source.