Small And Medium Sized Cotton Textile Enterprises Should Adjust Their Market And Maintain Flexible Planting Area.

The current situation of cotton industry is both joyful and worrying. Happily, despite the recent years of cotton Spin The industry is experiencing the most ups and downs of the market, the pressure of competition is increasing, but the quality of cotton has gradually improved, and the overall efficiency of cotton textile enterprises has been growing.

The worry is that cotton growers are slow to grow in efficiency and cotton planting will not be strong at the source. Cotton textile enterprises are facing the double test of market and policy, and many small and medium-sized enterprises are struggling.

Regulating the market should be flexible

In 2011, in order to stabilize the cotton market with severe price fluctuations, the national multi department jointly issued a preliminary plan for temporary storage and purchase of cotton. The storage price of that year was 19800 yuan per ton of lint cotton, 20400 yuan in 2012, and that price was maintained in 2013. But the international cotton price dropped rapidly after 2011, which was 6000 yuan lower than the domestic storage price per ton, and it is still 3000 yuan to 4000 yuan at present. Because of the fixed price of purchasing and storage, from the source of planting to the processing of textile enterprises, there is no need to worry about price fluctuations, but they also encounter different worries.

Chen Helin, a cotton grower in the main producing area of cotton in Nanxian, Hunan, said that it is convenient to sell cotton now, but seed cotton can only be sold from 3.8 yuan to 4 yuan per catty.

Xiong Shuan, general manager of Shu An cotton purchasing department, Anxiang County, is also worried. He told reporters that his general manager was a cotton trader who gathered the seed cotton and rolled the leather roller. Leather roller is a technology to be eliminated, so his lint can only be sold to small and medium-sized textile mills.

Hunan Hengsheng Cotton Industry Co., Ltd., a large company, is also worried. Hang Seng company is a 400 type enterprise. The NDRC requires that every 400 type production line have a minimum processing lint 5000 tons, but in 2012, the enterprise only processed 2000 tons, because the cotton could not be collected. Originally, there were 9 400 type processing enterprises in Anxiang County, plus more than 30 200 type enterprises and leather roller enterprises, which exceeded Anxiang's annual output of 40 thousand tons of lint cotton.

Gao Fang, vice president of the China Cotton Association, believes that temporary cotton storage has played a role in protecting cotton farmers, stabilizing cotton planting and promoting the healthy development of the industry. However, the temporary measures have been going on for a long time. Only one cotton store in the central store has been sold and one sold, the market effect has been discounted, and more efforts have been made in the pertinence and flexibility.

From the source point, the price of temporary storage and purchase is announced as the price of leather cotton. The price of seed cotton is very clear, but the middle processing enterprise must calculate the processing fee of 1000 yuan per ton, which gives the buyer the space to bargain and lower the price. Cotton grower Chen Helin said that no matter whether the reserve price or the bottom price was set, it would be better if it was priced directly with seed cotton.

For textile enterprises, many textile enterprises have had a "cold winter" in the past few years due to the continued weakness of the international market, the rise in domestic labor costs, the appreciation of the renminbi, and the import quota of cotton. Xu Huaibin, deputy director of the Ministry of industry of the China Textile Industry Association, believes that the temporary policy of stabilizing the market must continue to reflect flexibility in accordance with market changes in order to play its due role.

The planting area should be stable.

Stabilizing cotton industry is first in planting area. In 2007, cotton cultivation in China reached a record high of 88 million 890 thousand mu and 7 million 620 thousand tons, and then decreased year by year, down to 70 million mu in 2013. If the domestic demand is the bottom line, the planting area should be 80 million mu and 7 million tons of lint yield. "How to stabilize the area, simply speaking, is that farmers are willing to grow cotton at the source." Wang Ge, director of the planting department, said.

"Cotton is still dependent on weather, technical constraints, lots of labor and weak infrastructure are the weaknesses of planting links. If farming methods do not change, let alone stable area, who will grow cotton will be a problem. Mao Yong, deputy director of the Agricultural Bureau of Anxiang County, Hunan, said that Anxiang is a big cotton producing county. In 2010, the cotton field reached 450 thousand mu, but the growth is weak now. One of the reasons is that the cotton planting is too "locked up". It takes more than 25 yuan to produce one mu. For this reason, Anxiang county has mainly explored the technology of increasing production and reducing labor in recent years, such as changing rape seedlings and transplanting for rapeseed direct seeding, promoting early sowing of cotton, and applying nitrogen fertilizer as formula slow release fertilizer for many times.

In Hunan Huarong, a big cotton growing County, an important tool for promoting technological progress is farmers' cotton professional cooperatives. Huarong County League Zhou Village is "10000 mu yield cotton township", cotton farmers Li Lixin said that last year, his 20 acres of cotton fields average yield of more than 600 Jin, higher than ordinary cotton farmers, thanks to Yinhua run agricultural cotton professional cooperatives. Yinhua nunnong Cotton Cooperative provides a unified supply of fertilizer for prenatal production, technical training for production, and purchase of postpartum orders. Li Lixin said that cotton is known as "medicine jar". Before life, insects were used to fight drugs. Now the cooperatives have unified prevention and control. Wu Ruoyun, a senior agronomist of the Hunan Provincial Department of agriculture, said that the fundamental problem of solving the cotton growing link is intensification, scale and mechanization. "In recent years, the cotton planting area in Hunan has not risen and fallen, and it has been inseparable from the role of the cooperative organization".

The key to stable planting area is efficiency. Yi Xianliang, a large cotton grower in Anxiang County, said that as long as the price is good, cotton planting has always been a common idea of cotton farmers. The director of the Department of crop cultivation of the Ministry of agriculture believes that the main difficulties in stabilizing the planting area are: first, the comparative efficiency of cotton has declined; in recent years, the price of cotton and wheat has been lower than the normal level of 1:8; two, the cost of labor has gone up, and the labor cost has risen from the past 20 yuan and 30 yuan to the current 80 yuan to 150 yuan; three is the weakening of cotton policy support, and cotton has been subsidized by 15 yuan per mu since 2007.

In this regard, Gao Fang, vice president of the China Cotton Association, thinks that cotton is a drought resistant crop and can be planted directly in light saline alkali soil. It is not difficult to compete with grain for the land and maintain the basic planting area. For example, on the one hand, on the one hand, we should increase the subsidy of cotton varieties, and we can introduce the minimum purchase protection price as food. On the other hand, we should reward cotton counties, improve the enthusiasm of local cotton producers, and consider cotton direct subsidy.

Supporting policies need to be comprehensive

Promoting industrial upgrading is a real challenge for cotton industry. Gao Fang, vice president of China Cotton Association, said that the cotton temporary purchase and storage plan has set a standard for the package specification, cotton quality and safety management of cotton bags, which has promoted the quality of domestic cotton and promoted the international competitive position. However, the original standard of collecting and storing has not been fully integrated with international standards, and this driving effect has also been discounted. For example, picking cotton should have been done separately, separately, separately and separately. However, because the quality cotton has no corresponding good price, the cotton and inferior cotton are mixed together when picking cotton.

The plan for temporary storage and purchase of cotton in 2013 provides that the "color level physical standards" will be adopted to store and store lint, which will be fully integrated with international standards. Lu Yang, director of China Fiber Inspection Bureau, said that this is conducive to improving the efficiency of cotton industry and promoting the upgrading of cotton industry and technological progress. It will have a direct impact on more than 5000 qualified cotton processing enterprises, more than 1000 circulation enterprises and more than 10000 textile enterprises.

Wu Ruoyun, a senior agronomist in Hunan, said the new standard will promote varieties optimization from the source. Nowadays, there are dozens or even hundreds of varieties in a county. Some cotton farmers have a few varieties in one household, and the quality is mixed. In the processing part, the new standard divides the quality of the rolling mill into three grades: good, medium and poor. At present, some enterprises in the cotton area have planned to overhaul the equipment as early as possible and replace the important parts of the machine so as to improve the quality of the lint mill.

Industrial upgrading is imminent. At the source of planting, it is very difficult to stabilize the area, and the ability of professional cooperative organizations is limited. Many enterprises are trying to "climb up" in the acquisition of textile links. Some enterprises reflect that in addition to facing the low price of cotton and low labor cost, they also have to bear the difficulty of financing and the increase of financing cost, as well as the influence of high electricity price and high levy and low tax deduction.

How to solve these problems, Hu Yaolong, director of the Hunan agricultural department, said that the solution to the problem of cotton industry first needs a clear positioning of the industry, and at the same time, it is clear whether domestic cotton demand depends on foreign resources or domestic self-sufficiency. To solve these two problems, the focus of policy is clear. From the perspective of industrial upgrading, the role of temporary storage and purchase of cotton is obvious, but when the market price presents a huge contrast to the extrusion of non market factors, it is necessary to adjust and improve in time. Enterprises are afraid of unfair competition. For example, the contrast between domestic and foreign cotton prices is huge over the past two years. Some textile enterprises can get the quota of imported cotton, some enterprises can not get it, and the enterprises that can not get the quota will lose from the starting point. Therefore, the industrial policy should be more comprehensive, corresponding measures should be put in place, and a fair competition market environment for enterprises should be provided. Any enterprise can be bigger and stronger.