The Basic Materials People Should Learn When Buying New Shoes.

< p > > a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > shoes < /a > materials are mainly made of natural fiber fabric and a target= "_blank" href= "leather", "leather".

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< p > according to the structure of shoes, it can be divided into 4 categories: fabric (upper material), lining material, bottom material and accessories.

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< p > < strong > fabric > /strong > /p >

< p > mainly leather, synthetic leather, < a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > textile < /a > objects, rubber and plastics.

Leather shoes are mainly made from tanned cattle, pigs, sheepskin, soft leather or soft leather, and synthetic leather. High grade shoes also have crocodile skin, snake skin and chicken feet skin.

Cloth shoes and rubber shoes are usually made of cotton cloth and woollen cloth with strong, wearable, heat preservation and hygroscopicity, such as canvas, velvet, thread, corduroy, canvas and Hua Dane, tweed, Navy cloth, coat and so on.

All kinds of synthetic resins and natural rubber are the main materials for plastic shoes and rubber shoes.

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< p > < strong > lining > /strong > /p >

< p > mainly cotton, mountain (cotton) sheepskin, cotton wool, felt, artificial wool, elastic velvet and so on.

The latter half of leather shoes is mostly made of soft leather of mountain and sheep, and the canvas is used in the first half. The cloth shoes are mostly made of natural white cloth or bleached cloth, and rubber shoes are made of canvas.

Winter cold leather shoes are made of felt or made of fur made of nitrite for shoes. Cotton boots (shoes) are usually gathered into cotton and then made with a layer of cotton cloth, and can be made of felt or elastic velvet.

At present, some shoes also use resin foam composite or artificial wool as shoes.

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< p > < strong > bottom material < /strong > /p >

< p > mainly consists of hard leather, soft leather, imitation leather, cloth, rubber, plastic, rubber and plastic, rubber and plastic foam materials, etc.

Hard leather is made from cattle and pigskin. It is mainly used for leather shoes, and a small amount is used for making leather shoes.

In addition, leather shoes are widely used in imitation leather.

Cloth is the main material of the bottom of traditional cloth shoes.

Using old cloth as raw material, it can be processed into mash or filler to form billet, and a rope or rope can be made into a thousand layers or a cloth base by hand or machine.

Plastic is mainly PVC resin, and it is mainly used for plastic shoes and cloth shoes.

Rubber has natural rubber and synthetic rubber, used for rubber shoes and cloth shoes.

Soft leather has two kinds of artificial leather and natural leather, and it is mainly used for cloth slippers and soft bottom cloth shoes.

Rubber and plastic foam materials are mainly used for leather shoes and cloth shoes.

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< p > < strong > excipients < /strong > /p >

< p > mainly include shoe eye (ring, drill), shoelace, rubber band, Velcro, zipper, silk, cotton, hemp suture (rope), nails, rivets, non-woven fabrics, cardboard, leather and decorations, support, adhesives and paste for Baotou and main heel.

Shoemaking technology in China has been using manual sewing technology for a long time.

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Since P, since twentieth Century, advanced technology and special equipment have been imported from abroad. Shoemaking technology has developed rapidly. It can be roughly divided into sewing process, injection molding process, molding process, adhesion process, assembly process and so on.

Sewing is mainly done by sewing the upper and sole by hand or machine.

It is the traditional molding method of leather shoes and cloth shoes.

This kind of technology has two kinds: hand sewing and machine sewing.

The traditional methods of cloth shoes are the reverse, the bright and the upright, which are the traditional methods of leather shoes.

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< p > < strong > injection molding process has 4 ways.

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< p > < strong > 1. Injection molding: < /strong > injection of synthetic resin into the mold with medium injection pressure and higher barrel temperature. Once the soles are solidified and the bottom is bonded together.

It's mostly used for cloth shoes.

Now, leather shoes, plastic shoes and rubber shoes are also used in this kind of craft.

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< p > < strong > > glue injection: < /strong > plasticizing the rubber through the cylinder, injecting the mould into the mould with higher injection pressure, and completing the bottom making and backing molding.

For cloth shoes, rubber shoes.

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< p > < strong > casting method: < /strong > the A and B components of the quantitative reaction raw material (such as polyurethane, polyamide, etc.) are mixed at high speed in the mixing head and then poured into the mold cavity, so that it can be solidified and formed under constant (high) pressure.

It is now used for producing rubber shoes and a few cloth shoes.

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< p > < strong > > enamel molding method: < /strong > pour the plastic sol into the boot and shoe cavity, and then heat the edge, rotate the mold, so that a part of the plastic sol is attached to the mold cavity wall under the centrifugal force to form the green body, pour out the excess plastic sol liquid, continue heating, make the green body mature, and then put it into the shoe lining.

For rubber shoes and plastic shoes.

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< p > molding process is done at the foot of the shoe that has been stretched under the last shoe (the lower part of the upper part of the shoe) is bonded to the sole and the round bar (used for rubber shoes), and the rubber blank is put into the mold for heating and pressing, and then vulcanized.

It is mainly used for rubber shoes, leather shoes and cloth shoes.

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< p > bonding process has 3 ways: (1) thermal vulcanization: all parts of the shoe are sent to the vulcanizing tank after being pasted, heated indirectly by steam or heated directly by air and steam, while the rubber parts are vulcanized, so that the bottom of the rubber can be bonded to form.

Among them, the outer bottom, bottom heel and other parts are pre molded and then pasted into other parts and sent to the vulcanizing tank for heating and vulcanizing. The two vulcanization is the traditional process of rubber shoes production.

Some cloth shoes are also being used.

Cold adhesive method: upper and sole soles are glued and molded at room temperature.

It is mainly used for leather shoes, cloth shoes and rubber shoes.

3. Sticky stitching: after the upper and sole are sticky, the edges of the soles are stitched to enhance the fastness between the bottom and the sides.

The assembly process assembles shoes molded, molded or punched into shoes.

It is now used in plastic slippers and rubber slippers.

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< p > shoes category < /p >

< p > shoes have various classification methods.

According to the wearing objects, there are shoes for men, women and children.

2. According to the season, there are shoes such as single, clip, cotton and cool.

3. According to the material, there are leather shoes, cloth shoes, rubber shoes and plastic shoes.

(4) according to the process, there are shoes such as seams, injection, injection, molding, vulcanization, cold bonding, sticky joints, enameling and assembling.

5. According to the style, the head has square head, square head, round head, sharp round head and pointed head; heel has flat heel, half high heel, high heel, and slope heel; the upper is high, low, medium and high.

According to usage, there are daily life shoes, labor protection shoes, sports shoes, travel shoes and so on.

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< p > labor protection shoes < /p >

< p > shoes with protective functions on special occasions.

Such as steel-making shoes, usually used with cowhide skin, sole with cattle bottom leather or tires, shoes with steel lining in front of Baotou, electric shoes, usually rubber insulation with good electrical insulation properties; miners' boots and paddy field boots (also known as paddy field hosiery), usually made of rubber boots, and boots are thicker than ordinary rain boots (boots) and can be waterproof.

Paddy boots and pants.

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< p > sports shoes include mountaineering boots, gym shoes, track shoes and all kinds of sports shoes.

Shoe upper basket, volleyball shoes should be used canvas, the rest uses soft leather, canvas, nylon cloth and so on.

The shoe's head, middle waist and heel are covered with soft leather to increase the strength of the upper.

The sole is rubber, which increases elasticity.

The shoe is equipped with composite foam to protect the ankle.

The soles of rugby shoes and football shoes are made of plastic or rubber studs, which can be worn on soft or hard ground.

Because of the impact of frequent jump, the middle and bottom of the volleyball shoes are cushioning, and the ridges on the bottom surface have convex ridges to enhance their friction braking force; the bottom edges have prominent lines, which have better supporting effect.

Skates and ski shoes are mostly leather.

Roller skates are equipped with wheels at the bottom and can slide on land.

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< p > tourist shoes are named after being suitable for hiking.

The characteristics are light, soft and fit.

The upper is usually made of leather or textile, and can be used together with the two parts. The leather covers around the upper and back are decorated with decorative strips, and the sole is light and wear-resistant, and has anti-skid effect.

Tourist shoes can be produced by various techniques. There are generally two kinds of shoes, which are low and high.

The shoe will be developed in the direction of production automation, process assembly, function diversification and fashion fashion.

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< p > Computer Aided Design (CAD) and computer aided production (CAM) have been widely applied.

Leather, cloth, glue, plastic 4 kinds of shoes infiltrate into the process, and the materials and styles will learn from each other and continue to develop.

New materials, new technologies and new equipment will continue to emerge, thus promoting the gradual pition from shoal industry to technology intensive industry.

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