How To Protect Embroidered Cultural Relics In Exhibitions

< p > > "Daqing Hua Hua", "a href=" www.91se91.com/news/index_f.asp in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, "dress < /a > Special Exhibition" brings together nearly 200 cultural relics in three units of the the Imperial Palace Museum, the Qufu cultural relics management committee and the Shandong Museum, which shows the charm of our country's clothing culture in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

In the preparation, layout and exhibition of the exhibition, the organizers of the the Imperial Palace Museum and the Shandong Museum of the organizer paid the utmost attention to the protection of weaving and embroidering cultural relics, and dealt well with the relationship between the collection and exhibition of cultural relics, the protection and utilization of cultural relics.

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< p > < strong > exhibition background > /strong > /p >

< p > textiles are organic relics, usually composed of plant fibers (cotton and linen) or animal fibers (silk and wool products).

Because cellulose in plant fiber is easy to hydrolyze, the protein in animal fiber is easy to undergo enzymatic hydrolysis and degradation. In addition, the textile is sensitive to ultraviolet rays. It will undergo photooxidative degradation and break it. The dye on the fabric will also oxidize and fade. Improper temperature and humidity may make the fabric mildew, so under normal circumstances, the textiles containing easily aged fibers are restricted to exhibit.

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In the past 20 years, the clothing of the Ming Dynasty in the Shandong Museum has been exhibited only once for 2 months. < p >

The Imperial Palace Museum rarely held costumes exhibition, only in 2008, held for 3 months "the crown of heaven - the Imperial Palace Museum Tibet Qing palace costumes exhibition."

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< p > because the evolution of costumes can best display the theme of "International Museum Day" ("memory + creativity) = social change", and there has not been a large-scale joint exhibition of Ming and Qing costumes in the whole country. Therefore, "Dahua Hua - Ming and Qing Dynasty" a href= "www.91se91.com/news/ index_z.asp" > clothing exhibition "/a" has been selected as an important part of the "International Museum Day" in Ji'nan's main city activities.

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< p > < strong > the choice of embroidered exhibits < /strong > < /p >

< p > > "Daqing Hua - Ming and Qing costumes special exhibition" selected 190 pieces (sets) of cultural relics, of which 75 pieces of clothing (set).

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< p > because of the fragile characteristics of clothing fabrics, the clothing of the Ming Dynasty was small, most of which were unearthed from tombs, and few clothes were handed down.

Because of the special status of the holy government, the preservation of a considerable number of objects in the Ming Dynasty, and the integrity and inheritance of its system are rare in the world.

The old Tibetan costume of Yan Sheng government office is mainly collected by the Shandong Museum and Qufu municipal heritage management committee. Most of the costumes are silk, many of which have been broken, broken, rotten, adhesions, faded, wrinkled, faded, and water stains.

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< p > the the Imperial Palace Imperial Palace has the most complete imperial crown. It is a model of the Qing Dynasty's costumes. Its silk brocade is gorgeous and embroidered, and it represents the ultimate of the costumes.

Although these clothes are much better than the old Tibetan costume, they are also widespread in fades and stains.

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< p > it should be noted that for severely damaged clothing, even if the content of the exhibition is needed, it is necessary to reluctantly give up.

For example, the Shandong Museum has four red robes and blue compass embroidered gowns. Its weaving techniques and decorative patterns are exceptionally beautiful. They are typical representatives of the Ming Dynasty. However, due to incomplete and serious breakage, they were not selected in this exhibition.

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< p > < strong > the protection of weaving and embroidering cultural relics < /strong > < /p >.

< p > embroidery fabrics are susceptible to light, dust, air pollutants and other factors.

During the handover of the exhibits, the silk cultural relics of the Shandong museum were stored in the drawer cabinets lined with camphor board, and the slide rails of the drawers were used with a cushioned buffer.

The width of the drawer is 150 centimeters, the depth is 80 centimeters, and the thickness is 15 centimeters. It is slightly larger than the body width of the general clothes.

In a drawer there is usually only one item of clothing to reduce the pressure on clothing.

The clothes are basically flat in the drawer and covered with acid free paper, with only a slightly folded sleeve.

If the cultural cabinet is not enough enough to fold the clothes, choose the middle seam of the back of the garment as the center line to fold the front part, so that the whole can reduce a fold, and there is a foil between the front of the clothes and the fabric is not easy to die.

In addition, there is a more practical method, that is, lining the clothes with a cushion, similar to the shoulder pads of the suit, will make the outline of the folded parts of the fabric more smooth and avoid new creases.

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< p > for the collection of silk garments, the the Imperial Palace Museum has a more standardized operation procedure.

First of all, absolutely prohibit pulling and pulling clothes.

When you need to turn over the clothes to check the back, two people carry the upper and lower corners of the clothes at the same time.

If the clothes are facing upwards and need to turn to the back, turn them clockwise; if the clothes are upside down and need to turn to the front, turn them in counterclockwise direction.

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< p > in the storage and utilization of weaving and embroidering cultural relics, we have an experience: in each drawer, a piece of plate smaller than the drawer should be lined up, and the textile will be laid on the board. When the garment is used, the plate will be directly carried to the needs place, and the textiles will be kept on board for appreciation or operation.

At the end of the application, the plate is sent back to the drawer, which reduces the number of times it touches the fabric itself.

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< p > < strong > cultural relic protection in packing and pportation < /strong > < /p >

< p > the packing method of Silk Museum relics used in the Imperial Palace museum is: < /p >

< p > 1. each coat is lined with acid free paper. The edge of acid free paper is more than 3 cm above the edge of the garment, and the original white pure cotton cloth is wrapped outside.

2. put 3 boxes of corrugated boxes lined with PE composite boards, each with two cartons of one carton.

The carton is 160 centimeters long, 90 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters high.

The box is opened on top, and the box is covered with a cotton cloth tape after closing it.

3. put the carton horizontally into the wooden box on the side opening, and the wooden box is also surrounded by PE composite panels.

4. all cartons should be packed into wooden cases, and the boxes will be marked up and down and sealed.

The bottom of the box should be reserved for forklift inserts and cushioning pads.

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< p > the exhibits of the Imperial Palace Museum and Qufu Heritage Management Committee are all pported by way of highway to Ji'nan, Shandong.

Because road pportation is easy to realize door to door pportation, compared with railway pportation or shipping, the handling of packing boxes is less, lighter, easier to separate pportation and shock absorption on the road, and is more conducive to safety.

In pportation, the temperature in the box is between 17 and 22 degrees Celsius.

After arriving at the Shandong Museum, the wooden box was placed in the warehouse for 24 hours before the exhibition hall was opened in order to avoid the influence of external environment and prevent condensation water.

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< p > after the construction of the showroom is completed, cultural relics can only be arranged when all the display panels are installed.

According to the stereoscopic effect map, the layout should be arranged one by one from inside to outside, so as to avoid duplication of cultural relics.

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< p > above is the basic principle to pay attention to the exhibition of all cultural relics.

In addition to following the basic order of the above exhibition, we should also pay attention to the choice of exhibition tools.

Silk cultural relics are usually worn on fashion models to make viewers understand the special styles and functions of clothing more intuitively, but the present situation of such textiles must be very good.

Good clothing can also be displayed across the sleeves with poles, but the poles must be polished and covered with cloth or tissue paper.

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< p > ordinary textile use inclined surface booth is more reliable.

The surface is covered with iron plates, wrapped on cotton or wool fabrics, and then spread onto the surface of the exhibition, and then adsorbed onto the display board with small and thin magnets.

The magnet is wrapped or tied with cloth. One is to avoid the dirt on the magnet from polluting the fabric. The two is to avoid damage to the silk fabric caused by the strong attraction of the magnet, while avoiding the misunderstanding of the audience.

Because in previous exhibitions, there were spectators who thought the magnet was a nail, and some viewers mistook it for buttons.

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< p > for the badly damaged clothing, do not consider the exhibition effect too much. Instead, we should use the tiling method to display it from the angle of protecting the cultural relics.

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< p > clothes in the Ming Dynasty were mostly linked by ribbons to dress (< a href= "www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > skirts < /a >).

These loops and buttons are the most vulnerable parts of clothing.

In daily storage and exhibition, do not use these loop belts and buttons to fasten the garments, because the process of lacing, unwinding and fastener and tripping is harmful to silk cultural relics.

You can use a small clip to connect the part of the garment that needs to be connected. Note that there should be no teeth on the clip, and the bite force should not be too big.

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