Private Banks Pilot The Way Forward

Private banks have recently won a quasi birth certificate. 5 private-owned enterprises Bank The dust of the pilot scheme has been settled. It is understood that the pilot will adopt a co sponsors system, each pilot bank has at least 2 sponsors, while observing the single shareholder equity ratio, respectively, by participating in the design of the pilot program Alibaba, Wanxiang, Tencent, Bai Ye yuan, Jun Yao, Fosun, Shang Hui, North China, CHINT, Huafeng and other private capital to participate in the pilot work.

　 Why are these five families?

There are many private enterprises applying for the establishment of private banks. Why are these selected? Yang Jiacai, assistant chairman of the CBRC, said that the choice of the 5 companies is due to several considerations: geographical distribution is extensive (including Shanghai, Zhejiang, Tianjin and other places), the mode is different, the governance perfection and continuous operation of shareholders company are good, and shareholders' own assets are abundant, so that they are easy to control risks.

When the first private bank will open, Yang Jiacai said that it depends on the completeness of the declared materials and the maturity of financial strength and talents. "The stage has been set up, when to sing, depends on whether the main character is ready."

According to the relevant person in charge of the CBRC, the choice of the pilot scheme is not the allocation of indicators under the plan mode, nor the regional division under the administration. It is entirely the best selection of the pilot scheme. The selection criteria mainly take into account 5 factors: first, institutional arrangements with independent risks. Banks have risk spillovers, so we should take into account that once risks occur, they can prevent risk spillovers and prevent the depositors from losing their legitimate rights and interests. Two, we must have a good qualification and risk tolerance ability of banks. For example, the net capital is sufficient, the main business is outstanding, and there are good records in the past. Three, there are specific provisions for shareholders to accept supervision. Four, we should have differentiated market positioning and specific strategies. Fifthly, there must be a "living will", that is, a legally feasible risk disposal and recovery plan.

Pilot test what

"Why should we launch a pilot project? Because we still lack experience in setting up private banks, so we need to accumulate experience through pilot projects and gradually push them forward." Hu Jianzhong, a professor at Central University of Finance and Economics, said that private capital entering the banking industry has no obstacle in the law. In practice, it has become more common, mainly through mergers and acquisitions and in the process of banking restructuring. But the real private capital is still relatively small, and there are not many real risks.

It is understood that the main test of the pilot two aspects:

Try a new mechanism at risk. Specifically, corporate governance mechanisms that allow capital to speak are allowed to allow capital owners to assume the market restraining mechanism of risk loss by capital decision-making management mechanism.

Two trial business mode. There are mainly 4 modes of operation of private banks: "small savings and small loans" (limited deposit ceiling, setting the lower limit of wealth); "big savings and small loans" (the lower limit of deposit limits, the upper limit of loan limits); "public deposit and public loan" (only for the legal person is not personal); "special area deposit and loan" (limited business scope, regional scope).

It is understood that Alibaba The intention to apply is the "small deposit and small loan" mode. The Tencent is the mode of "big savings and small loans". The Tianjin merchants exchange and North China group sponsors apply for the pilot project as "public deposit and public loan" mode, and the other two applications are specific regional models to serve the local small and micro enterprises.

The CBRC responsible person said that on the basis of the above "two tests", a mature one will be approved by a pilot project to explore the path for private banks to grow and expand.

　 Supervision of pre risk

"Outside people often have a misunderstanding about running banks with private capital, and feel that running banks and the general enterprises they run are easy to finance has the final say." Hu Jianzhong said, in fact, banks are a special industry. They are franchises in any country. They need strict qualification examination and supervision. Because private banks run towards the public, although the shares are private, business risks are spillover, to a certain extent, they are public. Therefore, relevant institutions and systems need to be protected.

It can be seen that pre regulation is very important for the standardized operation of private banks. The relevant person in charge of the CBRC said that the private banks would apply the same national treatment and accept the same supervision and management, and should be supervised according to the principle of territoriality. Where the pilot is conducted, the local banking regulatory bureau will bear the pilot responsibility, strengthen communication, coordination, service and follow up supervision, find problems timely report, strictly enforce corporate governance, and highlight the decisive role of market mechanism. Establish a corporate governance mechanism that is fully capitals. Banks shall establish board of directors, board of supervisors, business groups and conduct business in accordance with the law, so as to protect the autonomy of business decision-making.

At the same time, private banks are also very important at their own risk. To highlight the business principles of risk and profit, the key point is to make good arrangements for risk management and loss control according to law, that is, to make a "living will" to prevent infringement of the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, depositors and taxpayers after the failure of banking operation; to highlight the characteristic business and differentiated operation, and to embody the functional characteristics of service micro and service communities in order to improve the multi-level banking financial service system.

In addition, private banks should also highlight the supervision of shareholders' behavior, focusing on supervising banks. Shareholder Related transactions, shareholder's ability to continue capital injection and risk taking ability to prevent banks from becoming a shareholder's financing tool.