Financial Crisis 9 Million Migrant Workers Return Home

At the moment, the financial tsunami is coming from the other side of the Pacific Ocean. The storm has spread to the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and even the whole country in the wake of the Dongguan earthquake.

The self-confidence of Chinese enterprises is facing a severe test. What is even more worrying is that migrant workers are becoming the weakest link in the economic chain. Facing unemployment and returning home, I am afraid that they will also cause new social problems.

Dongguan is China's "manufacturing capital". The local population is 1 million 680 thousand, but it absorbs about 10000000 foreign population, involving more than 1000 counties throughout the country.

Dongguan is known for its warmth and warmth.

The railway authorities issued authoritative data: the number of passengers sent to Guangzhou Railway Station in October was 2 million 249 thousand, an increase of 10.9% over the same period last year, an increase of more than that of the previous year. The situation of Dongguan East Railway Station is similar, sending 279 thousand people in October this year, an increase of 9% compared with the same period last year, while the increase was only 5.3% last year.

Guangzhou Railway Station is the biggest migrant worker huff and puff.

In November 19th, the iron railings had been erected outside the entrance of the waiting room for tens of meters, and the police were on guard. "Passengers who hold the tickets within 2 hours before the start of the train can wait in the station."

Li Jun, a 26 year old Nanyang native in Henan, is a member of a migrant worker who is waving his ticket and waiting for a security check.

A small leather shoe factory in Dongguan just went bankrupt, so he had to go home.

According to the random survey conducted by the Southern Metropolis Daily in Guangzhou Railway Station in mid November, 643 of the 944 visitors were returning home, mainly to North Guangdong, western Guangdong, Hunan, Sichuan and other places, of which 159 were the top 159 in Hunan.

Among those returning home, there were 181 people from Dongguan, 166 from Guangzhou, 83 from Shenzhen, 58 from Foshan, and the rest 155 from other parts of the Pearl River Delta.

The 468 travellers were working in small export enterprises such as hardware factories, garment factories, electronics factories and furniture factories.

According to media reports from the central and western regions, although the large number of migrant workers returning home in Sichuan has not yet appeared, the number of migrant workers returning home has been increasing month by month.

In November 8th, the labor and Social Security Department of Hubei province said that in the past two months, the number of migrant workers returning home in Hubei was nearly 300 thousand.

"Hunan online" announced that the phenomenon of Hunan's return to work in Hunan Province has quietly increased.

The labor and social security office of Anhui province introduced that since October, migrant workers in Anhui began to return, and migrant workers returned home in HeFei Railway Station.

Jiangxi labor and social security department revealed that since October, migrant workers in the province began to return, but the local employment situation is also not optimistic, and textile industry has already reduced orders.

A leaf knows the autumn.

Longan community, Humen Town, Dongguan, is one of the richest villages in Humen. There are more than 130 foreign processing trade enterprises at the peak. Zhang Zhihang, director of longan community external affairs office, said that over the past year, more than a dozen enterprises in the village have been closed down or relocated, basically foreign capital, and there are still plans to leave this year.

According to the statistics of the small and medium enterprises of the national development and Reform Commission, in the first half of 2008, there were over 6.7 SMEs in China.

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Commerce and industry, 1-9 months, the province's revocation enterprises increased by 37% over the same period last year.

In the Pearl River Delta, for example, nearly 50 Hongkong enterprises applied for bankruptcy and liquidation in early October.

Chen Zhenren, President of the Hongkong Federation of industry, recently predicted that 1/4 of the 7 Hong Kong funded enterprises in the Pearl River Delta may be closed at the end of the year, and that 500 people will be unemployed if a business closures, and 875 thousand of them will lose their jobs if 1.75 000 businesses fail.

According to the latest survey data from the relevant state departments, 130 million of the migrant workers in China now have 5-7% returning home in advance, that is, 650 to 9 million 100 thousand migrant workers return home early because of unemployment.

The farmers' rental income has dropped dramatically, the industry has closed down and the workers have withdrawn, which has cooled the hot rental economy in Dongguan rapidly.

According to statistics, the rental housing tax of Dongguan in 2007 amounted to nearly 50 million yuan.

Because of the rental of factories and houses, the average per capita income of urban and rural residents in Dongguan was the highest in the country.

Because of the high rental income, 100 thousand of the household registered labor force in Dongguan chose voluntary unemployment, accounting for 60% of the total number of unemployed people.

But this year is different.

According to the sample survey conducted in the first half of the year in Dongguan, the total number of vacancies in the 3200 92064 rental housing estates was 24887, with vacancy rate of 27% and vacancy rate of more than 30% (12), with the largest vacancy rate of Wanjiang Street reaching 58.5%.

In addition, the rental of rental housing is decreasing year by year.

In the 92064 rental housing sampled, 15 square meters were calculated: the average rent in 2006 was 200 yuan / room, and in 2007 it was reduced to 194 yuan / room, compared with 184 yuan / room this year.

Dalang town seeks Fu Road community. Last year, the occupancy rate of residents was around 85%, only 70% this year.

With the relocation of several wool weaving enterprises, the monthly rent of each rental housing in the town has fallen by more than 100 yuan.

The adjacent vacancy rate of Yang Wu village increased by 10%.

In order to retain a factory of more than 4000 people, Ding Shan village, Houjie Town, recently convened a village meeting, and decided to reduce the monthly rent from about 600000 to about 500000.

The village of Chung Kou, the same town, also decided that from October 1st, the rent of the Wei Teng hardware factory in the village was reduced from 61185 yuan per month to 51185 yuan.

The only shopping mall in houhoujie town is laoxia 2 village.

There are mostly single buildings, ranging from three or four to eight or nine floors, which are further divided into dove cage units. The building is very compact between the building and the building. Many pavilions are posted with "notices for rent".

The rent of these rooms has fallen to around 100 yuan, but there are still few people to rent.

Lin Sheng, a villager in the second village of laoxia village, said he now receives less than 6000 to 7000 yuan monthly rent.

Lin Sheng was a real farmer. In the 90s of last century, shoemaking enterprises gathered in thick streets. He learned that others built a 5 storey building and lived a life of "Charter Public".

In peacetime, he mainly focused on mahjong. "Our influence on children may not be very good.

I graduated from primary school, but I didn't get enough money to get rich, so I could not convince two children to study hard.

I can't help them. "

Located in Zhangmu head, Zhangmu, Dongguan, zhanghejun toy factory is only 200 meters short, but there are hundreds of small and medium-sized shops. It has been booming for 10 years.

In October 15th, the "Jun Jun" and "Junjun" of the Hongkong Hejun group, known as the "global toy giant", suddenly declared bankruptcy, and nearly 7000 employees lost their jobs, and thousands of frequent customers who lived on these shops disappeared.

Under the circumstance of being caught unprepared, some shops posted the "pfer" sign, and someone took the little boy back to his hometown to farm.

The "Jingchu flavor snack" stalls outside the warehouse is the most expensive monthly rent of 5000 yuan, and now it is empty.

The telephone supermarket opposite the Hejun toy factory has no one to ask for. The former handsome workers call here and have to queue up. Now the boss has to watch TV and kill time.

A grocery store in the town has been posted on the banner of the "economic crisis open sale" for a long time, but the daily necessities are still unsold.

Some experts pointed out that the collapse of a large number of enterprises in the Pearl River Delta has seriously damaged the Pearl River Delta's rural economy, which is an important source of rental income. The latter has faced difficulties in pformation.

Unemployment and shortage of migrant workers are in the same breath. Information from Guangzhou city center talent market, Dongguan Zhitong talent market and Houjie service market shows that since October, the supply of posts in these three markets has shrunk compared with previous years, compared with the same period last year, the number of job seekers this year increased by 10%.

Due to the weak external demand, in order to circumvent the new labor contract law, there are a variety of layoffs in Dongguan.

Xu Zhonglian is an old worker who has worked for 10 years in the Guangxi (offset) printing paper mill. He used to work late in the factory, but this time he did not work.

In the evening of October 27th, because of boredom, he and his three colleagues played cards together in the dormitory, and the company was ordered to leave from October 29th.

In the academic circles, even the voice of "supporting small and medium enterprises with high quality" and postponed the implementation of the new labor contract law in response to the financial crisis has even appeared.

Dongguan Labor Bureau statistics show that labor dispute arbitration cases have risen sharply this year, and the pressure of labor supervision and arbitration has increased significantly.

Since the beginning of this year, the number of cases settled by the labor dispute arbitration tribunal has reached 12 thousand. The number of cases settled, the number of mediation cases and the number of arbitration cases are 3 times, 3.4 times and 2.9 times of the same period last year.

The group incidents caused by arrears of wages are everywhere.

A rough calculation. Last year and this year, there were 10 large numbers of employers who lost their jobs in Dongguan, and some said that they had become "fashionable".

The government departments have greeted every village in the area, "set up a team to supervise some unusual factories to prevent the equipment from being quietly moved away".

It is paradoxical that there is also a shortage of migrant workers in Guangdong.

But some experts think this is not lucky. The reason is the change in the age structure of the workers. On the one hand, the age of the old worker is 35 years old, and the age conditions of the majority of the workers are under the age of 35.

On the other hand, the majority of new workers are 80 years old, and young people can not eat bitterness and job hopping frequently.

If migrant workers continue to return home, some problems may not arise in the near future.

In China's rural income structure, 45% is non farm income for migrant workers, and 70% of the farmers' new income comes from non-agricultural workers' income increase.

Therefore, the unfavorable situation of migrant workers' employment situation will bring great difficulties to farmers' income increase next year.

It is obvious that the real income of farmers will shrink, which will affect rural consumption.

Such a huge market has only been launched in recent years, and has not yet formed a climate.

In this way, the country's expansion of domestic demand will be put into the empty pockets of farmers.

It is predicted that after the Spring Festival next year, the employment rate of migrant workers will have a turning point in the situation of maintaining high growth for many years, showing a downward trend.

A large number of migrant workers who have to go out to stay in rural areas are likely to lead to land disputes and social problems such as children returning to school in rural areas.

Yang Jing: editor in charge