Thinking On The Path Of County Industrial Cluster Construction

I. The basic economic functions of industrial clusters

The economic functions of industrial clusters are mainly embodied in the "four effects": the first is the resource intensive effect.

Specialization and social collaboration are the basic characteristics of industrial clusters.

The two is the technology spillover effect.

On the one hand, the competition pressure within the cluster can stimulate entrepreneurs' innovation motivation; on the other hand, the geographical concentration of a large number of related enterprises will help to flow and spillover technology information.

The three is the regional brand effect.

Once the industrial cluster is formed, the group advertising effect will emerge.

The four is the institutional norm effect.

The relationship between clusters is very high, and the relationship between them is always "you have me and you are strong."

Therefore, it is easy to form a culture of integrity and cooperation within the cluster.

Two. Experience of industrial cluster construction at home and abroad

Internationally, industrial clusters have been developing rapidly in many developed countries.

For example, the Silicon Valley high-tech industrial cluster and Hollywood entertainment cluster, Italy's martrata leather shoes and leather industry cluster and Platt wool textile industrial cluster, Japan's TOYOTA automobile industrial cluster, India's Bangalore electronic software industry cluster and so on.

From the domestic developed areas, all regions are grasping opportunities and accelerating the development of industrial clusters.

For example, Zhejiang, based on the regional block economic advantages, has vigorously promoted the construction of 42 modern industrial clusters, such as Wenzhou footwear industry, Haining leather industry and Shaoxing textile industry. Shanghai has seized the great opportunity of building a free trade area, and has made efforts to build five leading industries, such as international trade, financial services, shipping services, professional services and high-end manufacturing. Jiangsu has promoted the brand building of industrial clusters and the establishment of special industrial clusters. Industrial clusters have become the advantages and highlights of Jiangsu's industry.

Although there are different ways to promote cluster development both at home and abroad, there are still many common experiences for reference: first, adhere to local conditions.

We should formulate strategies and policies for developing industrial clusters according to local conditions, analyze the industrial foundation and characteristics of different regions, carry out different and targeted development policies for different types and clusters of different growth stages, strengthen and expand the uniqueness of industrial clusters, gather and develop advantageous industries, and tap endogenous clusters.

Two, we must adhere to chain development.

We should establish a policy supporting service system with small and medium-sized enterprises as the main service objects and industry associations as the links, and promote the networked links and cooperation innovation among various entities and institutions in the same industry chain, such as enterprises, government and intermediary organizations, so as to promote the industrial chain expansion.

The three is to persist in innovation driven.

Taking technological innovation as the soul of industrial clusters, we must combine the introduction of technology with independent innovation, vigorously improve the scientific and technological content of the industry, and accelerate the upgrading of industrial clusters to high-tech, high value-added, innovative and advanced stages.

Four, we must adhere to the cooperation between government and enterprises.

Combining the government's "visible hand" with the "invisible hand" of the market, improving the supporting system of the public domain, strengthening the education and training of the workforce, improving the infrastructure, organically combining the industrial cluster policy with other policies, establishing policy guarantee and supporting system, and forming a series of flexible policies.

Three, the specific path to promote the construction of county industrial clusters.

As a component unit of the national economy, the county economy has the advantages of high degree of spatial aggregation, free flow of elements, and close economic activities. It has a good soil environment for cultivating industrial clusters. From the perspective of Zhejiang, the industrial cluster basically takes the county or even the town as the spatial unit, forming the industrial development pattern of "one town, one product, one county, one industry".

However, the county economy also has its natural defects, for example, the limited resources integration capability and the high level factor gathering ability.

How to foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and better promote the construction of industrial clusters in the county area, I think we should highlight ten key points:

One is to highlight the planning first.

Planning is the leader in development and an effective means to promote the optimal allocation of resources.

The planning system of "1+N" should be scientifically formulated according to the factors such as location characteristics, industry status, comparative advantage, functional orientation and other factors.

Among them, "1" is the overall development plan of county industrial clusters, and "N" is a number of leading industrial cluster development plans.

Through the formulation of a series of planning, we should actively guide the rational industrial agglomeration and scientific layout, promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, and provide guidance for enhancing the core competitiveness of industrial clusters and enhancing the support and driving ability.

The two is to highlight policy guidance.

Policy is an important means for the government to play an important role in regulating and controlling. It is necessary to vigorously integrate financial special funds, explore special funds for the development of industrial clusters, adopt loan discount, special subsidy, capital investment and other ways to support industrial cluster backbone enterprises, public service platform and information construction, common technology tackling, and industrial chain extension.

Three is to highlight the team support.

To promote the construction of industrial clusters, we should not only make good use of the invisible hand of the market, but also make good use of the visible hand of the government.

According to the requirements of "one industry and one team", we should set up a special team of work and define their respective responsibilities, and work together to coordinate and solve the difficulties and problems in the construction of industrial clusters, so as to form a resultant force.

Four is outstanding.

Support.

Compared with the traditional comprehensive park, the professional Park (also can be "garden Central Park") has obvious advantages in promoting industrial agglomeration, integration of factors and resource intensification.

In line with the "1+N" industrial cluster development plan, starting from the regional economic synergy, spatial layout rationality and economic function integrity, we should clarify the functional orientation and industrial matching of the park construction, take leading enterprises and core enterprises as the leading role, take the rational industrial layout and the long production chain as the main line, and strive to introduce and cultivate major projects in the industrial chain, and cultivate and build an industrial cluster platform with large enterprises as the backbone, medium and small enterprises as supporting enterprises and highly affiliated enterprises.

Five is outstanding.

Drive.

The cultivation and growth of an industry ultimately depends on one project.

In order to improve the industrial chain and reduce the overall operation cost of the industry, we should decide on the investment guidance catalogue and guide the investment direction of the industry around the vertical and horizontal direction of the industry, the upstream and downstream industries and the complementary industries.

According to the idea of "grasping the big and not letting the small" and "paying equal attention to both internal and external sources", we should attach great importance to the construction of large projects with obvious driving effects, and attach importance to the construction of small projects with outstanding functions. We should attach importance to the growth of local enterprises and attach importance to the introduction of foreign projects, so as to continuously improve and optimize the industrial chain.

The six is to highlight the leading enterprises.

The growth of large enterprises is the key to enhance the driving power of industrial clusters.

On the one hand, we should give key support to the backbone enterprises in terms of land use, energy, financing, labor and so on, and guide them to increase investment, expand the scale, expand the total quantity, strengthen and make good use, play a leading role in leading enterprises and core enterprises; on the other hand, we should guide large enterprises to strengthen cooperation with local SMEs, play the basic advantages of local industries, and form a complete industrial value chain, which can not only provide the market for local enterprises, but also reduce the purchasing costs of large enterprises, so as to realize the common prosperity of large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises.

The seven is to highlight the construction of trade associations.

We should give full play to the role of industry associations in the development and upgrading of modern industrial clusters, actively carry out industry activities, formulate regulations on contracts, establish self-discipline mechanisms, curb disorderly competition, expand service areas, make them become self-discipline and rights protection institutions, study platforms, communicate bridges between governments and departments, entrepreneurs' clubs and institutions for external learning and communication, thus forming the overall competitive advantage of the industry.

Eight is outstanding.

Cultivation.

Regional brand has strong absorption function on capital, technology and talents, and is a powerful support for the development of industrial cluster.

Since this year, the Ministry of industry and information technology has launched the pilot project of regional brand building for industrial clusters, and plans to build 50 regional brand cultivation demonstration zones in the whole country by 2015.

We should actively promote regional brand building, unify technical specifications and unify product standards in accordance with the idea of "government guidance, industry associations' specific grasp, and leading enterprises' choice".

The brand can be shared within the cluster and protected by law. The specific operation is carried out through brand management and authorized use.

The nine is to highlight the construction of the professional market.

The development of industrial clusters is closely related to the development of the professional market.

According to the idea of "online and offline" synchronization, we should vigorously promote the construction of the physical market and the online market, realize the combination of tangible market and invisible market, and from the single commodity paction function to multi-functional evolution, such as information release, conference exhibition, brand cultivation, logistics distribution and so on, converge the flow of people, logistics, information flow and capital flow, and create a platform for the development of industrial clusters, and cultivate the vitality of industrial clusters.

The ten is to highlight public service matching.

Perfect public service plays a very important role in reducing the cost of the entire industrial chain, improving the sensitivity of market reaction, and enhancing the scale effect of clusters.

We should focus on the key links of R & D, design, marketing, procurement, logistics, information, finance and other industrial chains, and adopt government guidance and market operation mode to promote the establishment of public R & D centers, testing centers, purchasing centers, logistics centers, information centers and other public service platforms, so as to provide socialized, specialized and standardized services for industrial cluster development and consolidate the support ability of industrial clusters.