Knowledge Of Leather Identification Before Purchase Of Soft Furniture

The first one is classified according to the type of animal skin, such as cow leather, pig leather, sheepskin leather, etc.

The second one is to divide according to use, such as shoe leather, industrial leather and so on.

The third one is divided according to the processing method, such as light leather, heavy leather, suede leather and so on.

From the appearance, there are small patterns on the surface of cattle hide, with a good handle and deep patterns, and the pattern on the top of the leather is still not worn out with fingers on the back of the leather, but artificial leather or synthetic leather will change obviously.

On the surface of pig leather, there are fish scales from the side, deep pores, through the fiber layer, and the reverse side of the leather has clear pores and patterns.

Sheepskin leather has light, soft and comfortable handle characteristics. Its surface patterns are small and clear. The selection and identification methods are the same as cowhide.

Real leather and imitation leather can also be identified from the surface section. The real leather section has reticular fiber layer and dermis.

From the appearance, there are small patterns on the surface of cattle hide, with a good handle and deep patterns, and the pattern on the top of the leather is still not worn out with fingers on the back of the leather, but artificial leather or synthetic leather will change obviously.

On the surface of pig leather, there are fish scales from the side, deep pores, through the fiber layer, and the reverse side of the leather has clear pores and patterns.

Sheepskin leather has light, soft and comfortable handle characteristics. Its surface patterns are small and clear. The selection and identification methods are the same as cowhide.

Real leather and imitation leather can also be identified from the surface section. The real leather section has reticular fiber layer and dermis.

Imitation leather has sole base and foam layer.

Characteristics and differences of leather materials

Head skin and two layers of skin:

According to the leather layer, there are two kinds of leather, including the first layer and the second layer. The top layer leather consists of grain leather, shaving leather, embossed leather, special effect leather and embossed leather. The two layer leather is divided into two layers of pig and two layers of leather.

Grain leather: in many leather varieties, full grain leather tops the list, because it is made from the superior raw material of less damaged skin. The leather surface is kept in good natural condition, and the coating is thin, which can show the natural flower pattern of animal skin.

It is not only wearable, but also has good air permeability.

The leather products of Tian Hu series are made of high quality leather products using this kind of leather as raw material.

Shaving leather:

It is made by using a leather grinding machine to coat the surface and then press the corresponding patterns.

In fact, it is "cosmetic" for the natural leather surface with disability or roughness.

This kind of leather almost lost its original surface state.

Full grain leather characteristics:

It is divided into soft leather, wrinkled leather, front leather and so on.

It is characterized by complete retention of granules, clear pores, fine, tight, irregular arrangement, plump and delicate surface, elastic and good air permeability. It is a high-grade leather.

Leather products made from this cowhide are comfortable, durable and beautiful.

Properties of semi grain leather:

During the production process, only half of the grain is processed and grinded, so it is called half grain leather.

It keeps some of the natural leather's style. The pores are flat and oval, irregular in arrangement, and hard in hand. Generally, the raw materials with poor grades are chosen.

So it belongs to mid-range leather.

Due to the particularity of the process, its surface has no disability and scars, and its utilization rate is high. Its finished products are not easy to deform, so they are generally used in large box products.

Characteristics of shaving cowhide:

Also known as "smooth cowhide", the market is also known as fog surface, bright surface cowhide.

It is characterized by smooth, smooth surface, no pores and skin veins. In the process of making, the surface of the surface is slightly grind and modified, and a coloured resin is sprayed on the leather to hide the surface texture of the leather, and then spray the waterborne light penetrating resin, so it is a high-grade leather.

In particular, the bright, elegant and gorgeous style of bright leather is the popular leather of fashion leather.

Special effects cowhide characteristics:

The production process requires the same finishing cowhide. Only the coloured resin is coated with beads, metal aluminum or metallic copper without any ingredients to spray the leather synthetically, and then roll a layer of waterborne pparent resin. The finished products have various luster, bright colors, and elegant appearance.

Characteristics of embossed cowhide: use patterned flower plates (aluminum and copper) to warm the leather surface to suppress various patterns and make them into a style of leather.

At present, the market is popular with "litchi pattern cowhide", which is to use a flower plate with a litchi pattern, and the name is also called "litchi pattern cowhide".

Two layers of leather:

It is thick skinned with a leather machine. The top layer is used to make full grain leather or shaving leather. The two layer is made of two layers of leather after finishing or laminating. Its fastness and wear resistance are poor. It is the cheapest kind of leather.

Two layers of cowhide characteristics:

The reverse is cowhide's second layer leather, which is coated with a layer of PU resin, so it is also called the film skin.

Its price is cheaper and its utilization rate is high.

With the change of technology, it has also been made into various grades, such as imported two layers of cowhide. Because of its unique technology, stable quality and novel varieties, the price and grade of the top grade leather are no less than that of the top layer of leather.

Leather maintenance

1, leather clothing should be hung on a wide coat hanger, as for ventilation.

Plastic products should be avoided to prevent leather from drying.

2. Leather products should be dried naturally after being wet by rain.

Heating will damage the leather.

3, leather wrinkles usually need ironing.

When ironing, store a thick layer of paper between the garment and the iron, and the iron must be placed in a steam free cryogenic stall.

4, at home to repair the hem, preferably with a drop of rubber adhesive.

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5, leather clothing can not contact with hair gel and perfume, nor can it wear badges and other things with needle tip, all of which will bring irreparable damage to leather.

6, dust can be wiped away with a soft, dry sponge or cloth.

The dusty leather can be dusting.

The meaning of dermis

"Genuine leather" is a common term in the leather products market. It is a customary way for people to distinguish synthetic leather from natural leather.

In the consumer's concept, "real leather" also has a non false meaning.

It is mainly made of animal skin.

There are many kinds of dermis, different varieties, different structures, different quality and different prices.

Therefore, the dermis is not only a general name for all natural leather, but also an ambiguous sign on the commodity market.

According to the physiological point of view, any animal skin has hair, epidermis and dermis.

Because there are small mesh bundles in the dermis, they are quite strong and breathable.

The epidermis is located under the hair and is closely attached to the upper part of the dermis, and is composed of different epidermal cells.

The thickness of the epidermis varies from animal to animal, for example, the thickness of the skin of the cowhide is 0.5 to 1.5% of the total thickness, and that of sheep skins and goat skins is 2 to 3%, while that of pigskin is 2 to 5%.

The dermis is located under the epidermis, between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissue, and is the main part of the skin.

Its weight or thickness accounts for more than 90% of raw skins.

Identification of genuine and fake leather

1. leather noodles: natural leather has its own special natural pattern, leather face gloss is natural. When hand pressing or kneading leather, there are no dead wrinkles or dead wrinkles and no cracks on the leather surface. The leather surface of artificial leather is very similar to natural leather. However, careful look at the pattern is not natural, the luster is brighter than natural leather, and the color is more bright.

2. leather: natural leather, especially garment leather, feels soft and tough, while imitation leather is soft, but tough. It is hard to wear when the weather is cold.

When the leather is tortuous by hand, the natural leather will return to the natural and the elasticity is better, while the imitation leather is stiff and elastic.

3. incision: the color of natural leather is uniform and the fiber is clear and visible.

The cut of imitation leather has no sense of natural leather fiber, or the fiber and resin at the bottom can be seen, or the two layers of the base cloth and resin are seen from the incision.

4. inner leather: natural leather is smooth, smooth with pores and patterns.

The reverse side of the leather has obvious fiber bundles, which are plush and even.

In the imitation leather products, some of the synthetic leather is the same with the opposite side. The gloss inside and outside the leather is good and smooth. Some artificial leather is also different from the reverse side, and the leather can see the obvious bottom cloth. However, some leather faces are similar to natural leather, and the leather has the natural like leather fluff, so we should carefully observe the difference between the genuine and the fake varieties.

Sheep leather:

Its characteristic is that the pores of the granules are oblate, deeper into the leather, and the pores are arranged in a group, which are arranged like scales or serrated.

The features of the pattern are "water ripples".

Sheep leather is also divided into sheep leather and goat leather.

Sheepskin leather:

The content of fat in the cortex is more, the fiber structure of the leather is slack, very soft, the grain is fine and the elongation is large, but it is not strong.

Goat leather:

The content of fat in the cortex is less, and fiber structure is more plump and durable than sheep leather.

The difference between the two is that sheep leather is smooth and smooth, and the pores of goat leather are clear and elastic.

* no matter what the garment made of sheep leather has beautiful pattern, it is soft and natural, light and soft, and elastic, but its strength is not as good as cow leather and pig leather.

Leather identification knowledge

1. How to identify dermis

Hand touch: that is to say, the leather surface is touched by hand. If it feels smooth, soft, plump and elastic, it is genuine leather. Generally, synthetic leather surface is harsh, rigid and soft.

It is seen that the leather has a clearer coat and pattern, and the yellow cattle skin has more symmetrical pores. The yak skin has coarse and sparse pores, and the goats have scaly pores.

Smell: all leather has the smell of leather, and artificial leather has strong odor of plastic.

Ignite: a little fiber is torn off from the back of genuine leather and artificial leather. After burning, pungent smell is formed, and artificial leather is formed.

2. Identify synthetic leather and synthetic leather.