Xinjiang Needs To Speed Up Machine Picking Cotton And Step Up Its Demand.

China is a big textile country with annual consumption of more than 7 million tons.

Nevertheless, cotton production in China is far from enough to meet consumer demand, especially for high-quality cotton. The domestic cotton market is far from meeting the production demand.

Although cotton consumption is mainly domestic, most products still need to be imported.

With China

With the adjustment of the structure, the low-end market has gradually been released, and the quality of domestic cotton textile products has been constantly improving, and the demand for high-quality cotton is increasing.

At the same time, with the continuous rise of domestic labor costs, the use of artificial cotton picking in China is becoming less and less. Especially as the main cotton producing area, Xinjiang is gradually popularizing cotton picking.

High quality products require high quality cotton. However, due to the fact that Xinjiang's machine picked cotton is in its infancy, some of its technology is not yet mature. The quality of its machine picked cotton has a certain gap compared with the quality of cotton in the United States and Australia.

In order to promote the use of machine picked cotton in China, the China Cotton Textile Industry Association has conducted several in-depth investigations, consulting the textile enterprises for the use of machine picked cotton, and has consulted relevant opinions.

Although at present

There are still some problems, but cotton textile enterprises have high expectations for improving the quality of Xinjiang machine picked cotton. We hope to promote the quality of machine picked cotton and the use of textile enterprises through joint efforts.

In China's imports of cotton, the United States and cotton accounted for about 25%, in recent years, the import of Australian cotton is also increasing year by year, is approaching the United States cotton.

Therefore, taking the United States and Australia cotton as an example, it is of great practical significance to correctly evaluate the international status of China's raw cotton and guide cotton enterprises to use cotton as an example.

Basic situation

The first and the postnatal conditions are indispensable.

The cotton producing areas in the United States are mainly distributed in the southeastern, central, southern, and western regions of the United States, involving 17 states.

The best quality cotton is produced in the western part of California because of its good climatic conditions, large proportion of high-grade cotton and good quality. The yield of cotton in the central and southern parts of the country accounts for about 32% of the total output of the United States, and the average fiber length is over 27.78mm.

The cotton in the central and southern part of the United States is GM (Advanced), SM (sub high) and Mid (intermediate) cotton, corresponding to our old standard 1~3 grade cotton.

The United States is the first country to adopt machine cotton picking in the world, and the machine picked cotton technology is the world leader.

Compared with China's machine picked cotton, its large-scale farm management and full mechanical picking make its cotton quality stability and consistency much better.

Australian cotton has a total of 1500 farms and has a large scale of production.

Because of the high labor cost in China, the whole process of cotton production is highly mechanized and its production efficiency is fast.

The average yield per unit area of Australia cotton is above 100 kg / mu. The same production mode is adopted for planting the same species in a large area, so the quality is very consistent.

Needs, has the very strong market competitive power.

Many of the cotton producers in Australia are privately operated, and are integrated entities in production, processing and marketing. They operate in a highly standardized market and have a strong ability to withstand market risks.

More than 95% of Australia's cotton is used for export. It is the third largest cotton exporter in the world after the US and Uzbekistan.

The quality of Australian cotton fiber is white, strong and high quality.

Xinjiang machine picked cotton (hereinafter referred to as "Xinjian cotton" refers to the Xinjiang cotton picking machine), which is mainly distributed in Xinjiang production and Construction Corps. The farm planting mode and management of the corps are more conducive to the popularization of machine driven cotton, and the mechanized operation and the reduction of employment are also the development way of modern agriculture.

In order to adapt to the development of the new situation, Xinjiang Corps speeded up the research and popularization of machine picked cotton.

First of all, the Corps promotes the promotion of machine picked cotton technology into the financial budget of the Corps, and gradually increases capital investment in the promotion of machine picked cotton technology, especially in high-quality cotton base construction projects. Secondly, it strengthens technical management from various aspects such as seed selection, site preparation, sowing, watering, fertilization, spraying, collecting, pportation, processing, packaging and so on. Thirdly, it gradually improves the cultivation and cultivation technology of machine picked cotton, adopts domestic and foreign advanced cotton pickers, and trains cotton pickers to accelerate the popularization of machine picked cotton.

In 2014, the whole Corps realized the mechanized picking of cotton reached 75%.

It can be said that the development of machine picked cotton in Xinjiang is closely related to the production of Chinese spinning enterprises.

Contrast between inside and outside

Where is the difference between Xinjiang's machine picked cotton?

In the 2014/2015 cotton year, the sales progress of Xinjiang cotton is slow, but the cotton picking cotton with better quality is very sought after, and has been sought after by the enterprises.

In order to reduce the cost of raw materials, many enterprises are very concerned about the quality and price of machine picked cotton in Xinjiang this year. Many enterprises are working hard to choose machine picked cotton and improve spinning technology.

Some enterprises say that the development of machine picked cotton is the general trend. Enterprises will try their best to adapt to the use of machine picked cotton. If the quality is good, even if it is a little more expensive, the enterprises are willing to pay the bill.

Although the HVI detection equipment in cotton spinning enterprises can not carry out comparison among enterprises such as short fiber rate and impurity rate, it can also fully explain that there are some problems such as poor consistency, high impurity rate, more foreign fiber, short short fiber rate and short length in Xinjiang machine picked cotton.

Because of the simultaneous harvest of cotton with different maturity in Xinjiang machine cotton, the consistency of cotton is poor. Compared with the cotton and cotton in the United States, the impurity content is more than 2%, and the number of impurity particles is much higher. The impurity area of Xinjiang cotton picking cotton is more than 150% of that of Australia cotton and American cotton.

Most enterprises reflect that compared with the United States cotton, the cotton spinning rate of Xinjiang's cotton harvester is far higher than that of imported cotton, and even individual enterprises reach 10%, while the cotton dropping rate is only around 5%.

In addition, Xinjiang cotton has many neps and silk grains after spinning, most of which are 350 ~450 / g.

There are a lot of debris in the process of cotton production in Xinjiang. It is difficult to clear up the cotton textile enterprises, and the total fiber content is much higher than that of the United States and Australia cotton.

Although there is not much difference in the data of the short staple rate in the table, there is no comparability between the HVI test for short fiber rate and the general situation of the enterprises. The short fiber rate of Xinjiang cotton picking machine is much higher than that of the Australian cotton and American cotton. It is more than 16%, and the length of the cotton picking machine in Xinjiang is shorter, the uniformity is not enough, the length is more than 27 millimeters, the strength of the single fiber is low, the quality of the medium and high count yarn is low, and the cost of cotton blending is higher.

Usage situation

Difficult to meet the needs of high-end products

The process of improper management of machine picked cotton in Xinjiang made the number of neps, impurities, fibrous seed chips and soft seed skins increased and became smaller, and the defects were generally more than 5 times that of cotton picked manually.

Many defects appear in the form of fibrous seed chips. They are small and light in weight. They are difficult to be removed in the process of opening and cleaning. They are easily pferred to the next process with fiber, which aggravates the burden of loosening, removing impurities and combing carding process.

The effective way to solve this problem is to improve the cotton gin technology, shorten the processing flow of seed cotton, and prevent the increase and decrease of defects, so as to reduce the pressure of blowing, removing impurities and carding in blowing carding process.

There are a lot of yarn defects in machine picked cotton in Xinjiang, especially neps and short knots, and these defects are difficult to be eliminated in spinning process, which not only increases the cost of spinning production, but also improves the yarn neps significantly.

Under the condition that the technology is basically unchanged, there is a certain gap between the yarn quality indexes of Xinjiang cotton and cotton.

The NEP of Xinjiang cotton is 10% to 40% higher than that of Australian cotton and American cotton. Most of the influence of weaving process on cotton after pairing is in the form of cotton ball. At the same time, the hairiness of Xinjiang's cotton picking yarn is 10% to 20% higher than that of Australian cotton and American cotton, especially the long haired feather.

In general, this kind of hairiness is harmful to high quality knitted fabric, that is to say, high quality knitted yarn is difficult to machine spinning cotton, even if it is used, we must strictly control the number of defects.

At present, the number of spinning machines used by cotton textile enterprises in Xinjiang is mainly concentrated in 20~40 branches, and the maximum number of individual varieties is not more than 60.

Enterprises generally reflect that they do not pay much attention to color level and quality index of rolling mill, but pay more attention to internal indexes such as length, micron value, strength, impurity rate and short fiber percentage.

According to the different varieties of production, enterprises choose different quality cotton for cotton production, but as China

With the continuous improvement of quality level, the demand for raw cotton quality is getting higher and higher, and the quantity of cotton that can meet the demand is less and less.

In general, when producing super high count yarn, Xinjiang long staple cotton, American Pima cotton or Egyptian long staple cotton must be used. The medium and high count yarns are mainly made of grade 2 or 3 grade cotton. When producing medium and low count yarns, 4 grade cotton is used, and different enterprises have different standards for raw cotton purchase.

A special requirement is to make bleached yarns have special requirements for the content of raw cotton fibers. When producing high-grade bleached yarns, the requirement of foreign fibers should not exceed 4 / packages. Processing ordinary bleached yarns requires that the foreign fibers should not exceed 8 / bags, and the conventional varieties should not exceed 20.

Suggestions for improvement

System management improves internal quality

China Cotton Trade Association summarizes the opinions of industry experts and enterprises, and gives suggestions for improving the quality of Xinjiang machine picked cotton.

In the process of cotton production and processing, we should select cotton varieties and cultivate varieties suitable for Xinjiang's machine picked cotton. We should not only pay attention to output, but also pay attention to the quality of cotton, further improve the quality of cotton fiber, micronan value and strength, and make up for the difference of quality index between Australia and the United States due to the immature cotton picking machine at present, fill the market vacancy of the textile industry's demand for high quality raw materials, strengthen field management, adopt more durable plastic film, strengthen the management of the waste plastic film on the cotton field, and try to prevent inhaling and bringing seed cotton when picking, making it difficult to deal with after being broken by cotton ginning; and collecting and managing such as leaf spray, picking process and so on.