How Can The Cotton Industry Cope With The Shrinking Cotton Growing Area In Xinjiang?

Hami Army Corps thirteen division rocket farm, there are more than 100 mu of China cotton plant - min and "new Zhuang state" plant growth promoting liquid demonstration field.

The thick cotton plants are thick close to each other.

A few old farmers walked into the cotton field, while carefully observing the cotton poles and counting the cotton bolls, sighing, "the leaves are green enough. This year's cotton harvest must be good."

Xinjiang is the largest cotton producing area in China.

About 50% of the farmers in Xinjiang are engaged in

The output value of cotton in southern Xinjiang accounts for about 80% of the total output value of the planting industry.

But now, in Xinjiang and Akesu, cotton fields are shrinking, and cotton is being replaced by crops such as apple, jujube, walnut and so on.

Current situation: China's cotton growing area is shrinking seriously.

The situation in Xinjiang is not isolated. Journalists are in line with the experts of the national cotton industry technology system in Hebei.

During the mid-term inspection of cotton production, cotton planting area in Xinjiang and Yangtze River Valley, which is the two largest cotton growing area in the Yellow River and Yangtze River, has been shrinking more severely over the long term.

Deng Xiangshun, director of the Hebei Provincial Department of agriculture, found that in 2008, the cotton planting area in Hebei province was 10 million 350 thousand mu. In 2010, it was reduced to about 10 million mu, only 5 million mu this year. The director of the cotton research center of Hebei province said that Shandong has been the first cotton producing province in the mainland, and the highest planting year has reached 13 million mu.

However, the cotton planting area in this province is less than 7 million mu this year.

According to the latest cotton production monitoring data of the national cotton industry technology system, the cotton planting area has dropped by 22.8% this year. According to the survey, the actual planting area of cotton in 2015 may be less than 50 million mu, the lowest point since the founding of new China.

According to the statistical data of about 30000000 acres of cotton planted in Xinjiang this year, it is concluded that the area of cotton growing in the Yellow River and Yangtze River Basin, including Shandong and Hebei provinces, has been very few.

Question: prices fall and costs rise. Farmers do not earn money by planting cotton.

Why did the cotton planting area shrink so fast? Deng Xiangshun and other experts have said that the cotton planting efficiency has dropped sharply.

He calculated an account: from 2009 to 2014, the net profit of cotton cultivation in Hebei province has been reduced from 272 yuan / mu to 29 yuan / mu.

The main reason for the decrease in profits is the sharp fall in cotton prices and the rapid rise in labour costs.

The cotton price dropped from 11.5 yuan per Jin in 2010 to 6.1 yuan / kg in 2014, a drop of 50%. In the same employment rate, the labor cost increased from 44.6 yuan to 61.5 yuan per month, or 37.8%.

In addition, international low-cost cotton is hitting the domestic market.

From 2011 to 2013, cotton prices in India and the United States were several thousand yuan lower than that in China during the temporary storage and storage of cotton in China.

Since the implementation of the target price and related subsidy policies in 2014, the domestic and international cotton prices have been gradually integrated.

There is still a big gap between cotton and cotton.

As a result, cotton producers such as spinning mills and so on have more choices of imported cotton with high quality and low price, while domestic cotton has basically gone to the State Reserve warehouse with the price of government support.

Cotton to grain or cotton modified fruit, resulting in a significant increase in water consumption.

Faced with the grim situation in cotton producing areas, Li Fuguang, director of the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said: "cotton water is only 1/2 or even less for grain crops. The black dragon harbor area in the core area of groundwater exploitation in North China is the most serious water shortage area in China. The sharp decline of groundwater level in recent years is closely related to the reduction of cotton area.

Therefore, from an ecological point of view, the cotton area here can no longer be reduced. "

Chen Guirong, an investigator of the agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Hengshui City, Hengshui, Hebei, said that in the history of Hengshui, coarse cereals began to grow. Since 2001, the cotton planting area has been expanding, reaching the peak in 2013, and then the cotton planting area began to decline.

Under the stimulation of the state's direct grain subsidy policy, the planting area of wheat and maize has increased dramatically in Hengshui, and a large number of cotton fields have been converted into grain fields.

Hengshui's farmland irrigation accounted for 82% of the total water consumption.

It can be said that the pformation of cotton to grain aggravates the formation of underground funnel area in North China.

"Funnel area water resources are insufficient to support long-term growth of grain crops.

Cotton is drought tolerant, salt tolerant and barren.

In such a region, cotton planting is the best choice for crop structural adjustment, which can make cotton play its pioneer crop characteristics of drought, water saving and salt tolerance. "

Agricultural University of Hebei professor Ma Zhiying said.

Ma Zhiying also stressed: "we can not let the textile car be in the hands of foreigners.

At least 60% of cotton should be guaranteed on our own, otherwise our right to speak and pricing power of cotton will be gone.

Let other countries decide that our cotton will be more risky in the future.

Countermeasures: provide the whole industry chain service, so that cotton farmers can increase production and income.

How to solve the problem of rapid shrinkage of cotton area?

"As a national team of cotton research, China cotton has focused on providing high-quality, high-yield and disease resistant seeds for the market.

Now we have expanded the deep cooperation between scientific research units and agricultural enterprises, and sought a series of new technical schemes for cotton farmers to increase their efficiency and grow cotton, providing cotton whole industrial chain service, so that farmers can grow cotton happily, increase production and increase income.

Zhang Xiling, deputy director of the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said.

The cooperation between the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Shandong min he bio company, which is listed in Xinjiang, is an important attempt to provide the whole industry chain service of cotton.

Zhang Xiling said that only in the links of cotton, water, fertilizer, seed, management and collection can we achieve cost saving and synergy, so as to form a scientific and technological solution to the whole industrial chain and improve the benefit of cotton planting.

The cooperation between China cotton and the people's Republic of China is to carry out cotton planting and cotton joint tackling with the same principle of "seedling raising, cultivation, field management and harvesting".

Zhang Dongming, general manager of Shandong Minhe biotechnology company, said: "new strong state" plant growth promoting liquid comes from the people and shares of the "Sheng Sheng cage" chicken sewage disposal project - chicken manure and biogas power generation.

It is made from biogas slurry as raw material by multiple biological fermentation and nano purification technology. It contains more than 100 kinds of organic active nutrients, and has comprehensive nutrition. The absorption and utilization rate is more than 85%. It contains rich biological flora and fast regulation, which makes cotton good quality and high yield. Without adding any hormones, it can cultivate high-quality cotton and is safer, greener and healthier.

The "new Zhuang state" used in the Xinjiang production field was produced in accordance with the guidance of the scientific research personnel of the Cotton Research Institute and specially formulated according to the nutritional requirements of cotton growing at different stages. After 600 to 700 times dilution of the field, the plants were sprayed and applied in roots, leaves and flowers and bolls.

China cotton and Shandong Minhe launched the field test in 27 cotton demonstration sites in three cities of Shihezi, Hami and alar, Xinjiang, and 13 demonstration sites were set up in the Yangtze and the Yellow River River Basin cotton areas.

The yield control data showed that cotton yield increased by more than 10% per mu.

Field testing also showed that "new Zhuang state" not only promoted the healthy growth of cotton, but also showed a significant inhibition effect on cotton bollworm and Fusarium Wilt of cotton.

Strengthening scientific research innovation and establishing a comprehensive development platform for cotton industry

In order to strengthen scientific research and explore the sustainable development mode of Xinjiang cotton, a comprehensive development platform for cotton industry development is set up.

In August 24th, the Cotton Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences jointly established the "cotton science academy" with Tarim University.

This is the first domestic discipline oriented college for cotton industry.

Li Fuguang believes that the establishment of the cotton science academy is not only an important jigsaw puzzle for the comprehensive deepening of cooperation between China Cotton Research Institute and Tarim University, but also a major move to promote the strategic shift of China's cotton industry to Xinjiang.

If we can rely on Xinjiang's regional advantages, integrate domestic cotton science and technology resources and carry out "cotton diplomacy" in Central Asian countries, we will achieve "technology output and raw cotton introduction", and "cotton center in the future world will be here".

Regarding this, Wang Xuandong, Secretary of the Party committee of Tarim University, said that the strategic position of the cotton science academy is an applied, regional and open research institute. It will be built as a major platform for the nationwide cotton research project to land in Xinjiang, and it is also an innovation base for personnel training, discipline construction and scientific research service.

Chen Mengshan, Secretary of the Party group of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that the Joint School of cotton science with Tarim University is compatible with the major development needs of the "pfer mode and adjustment structure" of the state.

He suggested that alar, the seat of the first division of the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, be built into the "international cotton industry highland". It can gradually become an influential cotton technology exchange center in Central Asia by improving production level and industry.