How Can We Save China'S Manufacturing Industry?

According to the world clothing and shoe net, in the 90s of last century, the manufacturing industry enjoyed a huge demographic dividend thanks to the scarcity of resources and the eastward wind of policy.

Although the premium capability is not high, it still makes a lot of profits, and the terrible thing for labor-intensive enterprises is that it can squeeze infinite surplus value from every employee, and the total profit is still considerable after the unit profit is multiplied by a huge number.

Since twenty-first Century, China

It is mainly driven by factors, especially demographic dividend and investment drive.

Especially after China's accession to the WTO, the policy of actively introducing foreign capital in China has attracted the attention of China and the Asia Pacific region.

Driven by the strategy, a large number of foreign capital poured into China, forming tens of thousands of foreign and joint venture production enterprises in China, as well as Taiwanese and Hong Kong manufacturing enterprises.

In the past, relying on demographic dividend and environmental resources, China made the symbol of "Made In China" in the short term, and went to the forefront of the world, creating a short-lived splendor.

But at the same time, they gave up.

The premium capability depends on improving the efficiency of control cost and self abuse to serve the order of developed countries, and missed the best opportunity for pformation.

From 2014, China's GDP growth slowed down from the high speed growth in the past to the new normal of medium and high speed growth, and China's manufacturing industry was also affected by various internal factors and external pressures, and began to enter the new normal manufacturing industry.

The dividend of China's manufacturing industry is fading and the tide of closure is frequent.

The United States launched the manufacturing backflow plan, and Germany also proposed that industry 4 prepare for a full recovery of manufacturing industry.

China is facing difficulties of demographic dividend disappearing, frequent collapse and foreign capital being evacuated.

The withdrawal of foreign capital has brought every industry chain to a dangerous situation.

In particular, the withdrawal of some of the top brand foreign companies has resulted in the loss of hundreds of thousands of well paid jobs to Southeast Asia and other places.

At present, the advantages of domestic manufacturing industry are less obvious, land costs are rising, labor costs continue to rise, taxes increase and so on, making the cost rise, and the market has the trend of saturation and atrophy, making competition more intense, and the price of shipments is falling.

Many manufacturers are losing money to pick up orders and are struggling.

If profits can not be maintained, enterprises will not be able to survive for ever, or close down, or pfer to the mainland or abroad.

In February 2015, Microsoft planned to close NOKIA Dongguan plant before the Spring Festival. The factory is now rapidly sending production equipment to Vietnam's factories.

Meanwhile, Microsoft and NOKIA factories in Beijing will also be shut down simultaneously.

The NOKIA Dongguan and Beijing factories laid off a total of 9000 people.

In the first half of the year, Jin Renbao and Samsung accelerated the pace of evacuation. Wei began to set up factories in the United States and Foxconn entered India.

From the Yangtze River Delta to the Pearl River Delta, the closure of manufacturing industry is still continuing.

Manufacturing enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta are getting together. The level of production and scale of production varies greatly. According to the market winning rule, dozens of enterprises fail every year.

However, the collapse of enterprises in various manufacturing provinces is different from the past. The reason for this failure is worth pondering.

Let's take a look at the problems faced by China's manufacturing industry:

On the one hand, in recent years, we can see that China's manufacturing is facing double pressures: internal labor costs and operating costs continue to rise, the external economic situation continues to slump, trade data go from bad to worse, low end manufacturing faces low-cost competition in Southeast Asia and developing economies, and high-end manufacturing needs to resist the impact of developed countries.

On the other hand, the giants of manufacturing industry have turned to real estate and financial projects.

As early as 2010, TCL signed an agreement with Wantong real estate, using the two sides' unique advantages in real estate development and industrial land to open up a completely new direction and mode for industrial real estate development.

TCL invested a lot of industrial land in the whole country in the past few years by investing in "leverage", which is enough to enable them to develop a "stable" life on land in the next few years.

Two days of ice and fire: from "made in China" to "made in China"

In 2015, the State Council promulgated the strategy of "made in China 2025". This is the first ten year plan of action for the Chinese government to implement the strategy of making a powerful country. It is a top priority to enhance innovation capability and break through intelligent manufacturing.

Intelligent manufacturing, shared economy and new technology and new models are constantly emerging, and gradually promote inter industry and inter regional innovation, making Chinese manufacturing industry start to pform into China, but pformation is not easy.

Large enterprises benefit from resource advantages and innovation foundation and can keep up with the market.

However, small and medium-sized enterprises are small in scale, small in capital, and few in personnel.

Especially in the financial field, the chaos is chaotic, and the capital flows into real estate and some high return financial investment fields. Private investment is weak. At the same time, because of the capacity and deleveraging, the bank adjusts the credit policy, which limits the cash flow of enterprises.

For manufacturing enterprises, internal restructuring and resource allocation can not be achieved without the promotion of financial market.

However, the problem of "difficult to finance loans" is a big problem that puzzles the development of enterprises for many years.

Large state-owned banks, which occupy the main deposit resources, are making great efforts to chase up central enterprises or high-end clients, rather than making money or not making money, and are willing to make loans to large state-owned enterprises. Especially in the past two years, the bad loans of banks have increased rapidly, and the threshold of bank risk management has been significantly improved. The relatively primitive risk prevention measures such as strengthening third party guarantees or full effective assets mortgage have been widely adopted, which has greatly increased the difficulty of loans for general manufacturing enterprises, especially small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. The joint-stock medium and small banks not only guarantee the same way as large banks, but also generally have to float 20%~30% on the basis of the benchmark interest rate, and the financial cost remains high.

In addition, the relatively high cost of energy and logistics in China causes the small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to operate in a state of full competition.

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Let the financial return to the real financing lease will be a great success in China's intelligence making.

The pformation from "made in China" to "made in China" must be accelerated by technological innovation and equipment renewal. In recent years, many enterprises have begun to explore the way of intelligent manufacturing by means of "machine substitution" and information system.

However, equipment renewal, especially the cost of intelligent equipment, is too large for small and medium enterprises, so many small and medium-sized enterprises dare not wade through.

Financial services in the real economy, first of all, to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises.

The main reason for the financing difficulties of SMEs is that China's financial industry is not well developed and its system is not perfect enough.

First, there are not enough kinds of financial institutions; two, financial businesses are not abundant enough; three, financial products are not rich enough.

In the view of the industry, the role of financial leasing in the pformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry and small and medium-sized enterprises is irreplaceable. The combination of the two is an inevitable trend of historical development.

Financial leasing has the unique attribute of "financing plus assets", which is closely linked to the real economy and physical assets. It is the most effective financial form of the service entity economy.

At present, financial leasing has become one of the main means of financing for enterprises to update equipment. It is known as the "sunrise industry". With the improvement of the scale and proportion of financial leasing industry in China's economic life, its position in China's economic development strategy has been improved unprecedentedly.

However, compared with developed countries, the scale of China's financial leasing market is still small. Compared with the mature market, the scale of the financial leasing market needs to be further improved, far from meeting the actual needs of economic development.

In fact, besides the low threshold and flexible financing methods, financial leasing has the characteristics of long financing period, flexible repayment method and low pressure. It is very suitable for SMEs to solve their own financing problems.

Especially in terms of repayment, SMEs can choose installment repayment according to their own conditions, which greatly reduces the pressure on short-term funds and prevents the small and medium-sized enterprises themselves from breaking up the relatively fragile capital chain.

Secondly, financial leasing is a new financial industry that integrates financing and financing, trade and technology renewal. The combination of financing and financing makes it possible for enterprises to introduce equipment under shortage of funds, which can promote the growth of equipment investment, equipment "going out" and international capacity cooperation.

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