Solution: Private Enterprises 40 Years: What Do They Want Most?

"(2018) January 17th, Zhu Shijian welcomed his 90 year old birthday. He only remembered his birthday on the first day of the twelfth lunar month.

An old man who can never remain idle is still reflecting on what I live for: I just want to win, and I don't want to lose. "

Zhang Zhiyong, a financial writer who has studied private enterprises for more than 20 years, describes Zhu Shijian in his latest book "40 years of private enterprises".

He wrote, "no wonder he can be a model of entrepreneurship of Wang Shi and Liu Chuanzhi.

In Wang Shi's view, Chu's fitness reflects a spirit of Chinese entrepreneurs, a spirit of how to overcome difficulties in the process and to stand up again from difficulties.

Under the background of economic pressure, more private enterprises hope to stand up from difficulties.

On January 17, 2019, Li Keqiang, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Premier of the State Council, chaired a forum to hear the opinions and suggestions of the Central Committee of the democratic parties, the heads of the National Federation of industry and Commerce and representatives of non party personages on the government work report (Draft).

Gao Yunlong, chairman of the National Federation of industry and commerce, suggested at the forum that we should do a good job in supporting the implementation of the policies for the development of the private economy and do a good job in clearing up the arrears of accounts for private enterprises.

The act of delinquency accounts has become a matter of anxiety for private enterprises.

For this reason, the National Federation of industry and Commerce has begun to conduct a thorough investigation of the arrears of private enterprises' accounts in December 2018.

According to the relevant notice issued by the National Federation of industry and commerce, before March 31, 2019, a comprehensive report on the arrears of work needs to be submitted to all parts of the country. The contents relate to the detailed list of the arrears of accounts in private enterprises in the region (the industry), the achievements, problems and suggestions related to the work of arrears, and the main intention of assisting in promoting the work of arrears.

The National Federation of industry and Commerce announced in a notice that the delinquency accounts for private enterprises were "for the in-depth implementation of the spirit of the important speech delivered by general secretary Xi Jinping at the Symposium on private enterprises in 2018 (November 1st) and the relevant decisions and arrangements of the Executive Council of the State Council."

These subtle incidents related to the development of private economy are the samples and angles of Zhang Zhiyong's observation of the evolution process of Chinese private enterprises.

At the age of 56, he is still keen on recording and observing. He is deputy editor in chief of China business times. Almost all his career is dealing with private enterprises.

This is the official newspaper of the National Federation of industry and commerce. It is called the vocalization drum of China's private enterprises.

This gives Zhang Zhiyong a better understanding of the development process of private enterprises.

He tried to select the landmark private entrepreneurs and private economic events to present the history of Chinese private enterprises. He said, "the history of Chinese private enterprises is, in a certain way, the history of China's market economy.

In the past forty years, China's private enterprises have come to a crossroads to find a new direction.

Business environment

Private enterprises have obviously embarked on a difficult road. The market and policies are unpredictable. The financing cost of private enterprises is high. The listed companies are generally facing the risk of debt and high equity pledge.

Entrepreneurs use the "three big mountains" to describe the current situation: iceberg of the market, high mountain of financing, and volcano of pformation.

In September 2018, the "departure theory of private enterprises" caused a great stir on the Internet.

In November 1st of that year, President Xi Jinping hosted a symposium on private enterprises in Beijing and made a final decision.

At the meeting, Xi Jinping said that for some time, some people in the society have expressed some negative and suspicious views on the private economy.

These statements are totally wrong and do not conform to the party's major policies and guidelines.

Zhang Zhiyong said, "the state and the people are not opposites, and a confrontation has formed the situation of last year.

Looking back, when the private economy is developing well, China's economy is also developing smoothly. When the private economy has problems and disputes, in essence, the whole economy is more or less a problem.

The most important thing for the top officials to make a very important expectation for the private enterprises is to build confidence among the private entrepreneurs.

But where does confidence come from?

Zhang Zhiyong thinks it comes from the market.

"The market is mainly equal, fair, good business environment and legal environment, which is a very important factor.

Why is it that the state-owned enterprises can not get the project state-owned enterprises, which is unfair; the same project, you loan is a profit, I loan is three points interest, which is not equal.

Therefore, the confidence of private enterprises is mainly from equality, from the legal system construction in the market, the rule of law construction is plainly spoken, that is, the business environment.

Zhang Zhiyong said, "whether it is a glass door or a spring door, it brings inequality and imbalance.

If the cost of the enterprise is different, can the profit be the same?

But private enterprises themselves also need to consider a problem. In the past, we said too much that state-owned enterprises need to take social responsibility. In fact, the owners of private enterprises also need to change their concepts and assume social responsibilities.

Of course, large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises should be distinguished. "

Last year, the white paper on the development of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises released by China's small and medium enterprises listing service alliance and other agencies showed that 98% of the main problems of small and medium enterprises are still financing difficulties and financing is expensive. 2017

Zhang Zhiyong believes that the solution to the problem of financing needs further liberalization.

After 40 years of reform and opening up in China, the next step is to solve the problem of opening up.

He said that one of the important issues in the nineteen reports is to follow the laws of market economy, and the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources. That is to say, whether state-owned enterprises or private enterprises decide the role of resources allocation is the market.

In his newly published "40 years of private enterprises", Zhang Zhiyong described the relationship between the private economy and the market economy: "the history of China's reform and opening up is, in a sense, the history of the development of the non-public sector of the economy (private economy).

The growing process of China's non-public economy is the process of continuous establishment and improvement of China's socialist market economic system.

But in fact, the negative impact of extensive development in the early stage of private economy still exists.

In the long-term research, Zhang Zhiyong found that the low technology content and the left over of property rights are the obstacles that restrict the further development of private enterprises.

In his view, the problem of historical limitations is that China's private enterprises start by buying and selling and earn fast money.

Even a hi-tech enterprise like HUAWEI started in the early stages of development, and in order to earn the first pot of gold, it has to grow with capital.

But Ren Zhengfei's cleverness is that he is a technical person and knows that the final contest of the market depends on technology.

He said, "after 40 years of development of private enterprises, the way to make quick money is over."

Protection of property rights

The confidence of private enterprises not only comes from a fair market environment, but also a definite sense of security.

Zhang Zhiyong is pleased to note that this problem has been noticed at the national level.

In November 2016, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the "opinions on perfecting the system of property rights protection and protecting property rights according to law". Then, the Supreme Procuratorate issued the opinions on fully performing the procuratorial functions and strengthening the judicial protection of property rights, and made a comprehensive department for strengthening the judicial protection of property rights. It clearly pointed out that we should properly handle the cases of property rights formed in history, persist in correcting mistakes, and closely identify and redress a number of complaints about property rights that are strongly reflected in the society, and analyze a number of cases of infringement of property rights.

In January 2, 2018, the Supreme People's Court issued the notice on "giving full play to the role of judicial function to create a good rule of law environment for entrepreneurs' innovation and entrepreneurship". The notice clearly stated that "protecting personal freedom and property rights of entrepreneurs in accordance with the law".

We must strictly enforce criminal laws and judicial interpretations, resolutely prevent the use of criminal means to intervene in economic disputes, and "effectively rectify the cases of injustice and wrongdoing involving entrepreneurs."

In his book "40 years of private enterprises", Zhang Zhiyong wrote: "in 2018, it was the retrial of 3 important cases that excited private entrepreneurs."

"Zhang Wenzhong case, Gu Chujun case, Xu Ronghua case" is the 3 landmark case of the Central Committee of the State Council on the proposal to improve the property rights protection system and protect property rights according to law. The Supreme People's court asked for retrial cases involving property rights and entrepreneurs' injustice and wrong cases, which also showed the party's respect for and development of the outstanding enterprisers, and its "Butterfly Effect" could not be estimated.

Just judicial administration of the judiciary will enhance entrepreneurs' peace of mind management, ease investment and concentrate on entrepreneurship, and will stimulate the vitality of market players.

No one doubts the importance and role of private enterprises in China's economy.

From Wenzhou's Zhang Hua Mei in 1980, she got the first business license for individual businesses. By the end of 2017, the number of private enterprises in China was over 2700, and the number of individual businesses was over 65 million.

Up to now, the private economy has contributed more than 50% of tax revenue, more than 60% of GDP, more than 70% of technological innovation, more than 80% of urban labor employment, and 90% of the number of enterprises.

On the 16-18 th of February 2019, many well-known private entrepreneurs gathered in Yabuli, where they talked about business difficulties and declining revenues. They also talked about scraping, healing, digital heating and artificial intelligence. They believed that spring was coming.

On March 3, 2019 and 5, the NPC and CPPCC National Committee will be held soon. People in the private sector are looking forward to the government's reform and deployment in 2019.

In February 22nd, the director of the private economic research center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences predicted that the policy of private economy would certainly exist, which would reduce the financing difficulties and financing problems of private enterprises in financing, introduce some concrete measures that could be operated, reduce the threshold of registration and so on, and increase the reform of pipe laying services; moreover, in law, it would continue to protect the rights and interests of private enterprises and private capital, and encourage private entrepreneurs to venture and develop the economy.

"We expect to make breakthroughs in these areas and make policies more operational," he said.

This is the same as the expectation of Wu Yong, founder of the earth net.

Wu Yong's company is a land pfer information platform that releases land circulation information on the Internet, and is also a land intermediary service agency.

He said, "we mainly revitalize agricultural land and rural housing circulation. First, we hope that there will be more support for investment in Rural Revitalization in terms of financing and investment. Two, we hope that the business environment and legal protection in Rural Revitalization will ensure that industrial and commercial capital can rest assured and invest in the countryside."

In the 40 years of private enterprises, Zhang Zhiyong wrote, "in the 40 years of China's economic and social development, the hardships of private enterprises are almost proportional to happiness, opportunities and challenges and economic growth index.

And every step forward is actually a further loosening of the private sector, and the re liberation of private enterprises is the inevitable result of the development of market economy.