Depth Analysis Of The Current Situation And Management Mode Of Chemical Parks At Home And Abroad

With the vigorous development of China's chemical industry, the modern chemical industrial park has gradually become an important support for promoting the rapid growth of regional economy. However, in the process of construction and development of chemical industrial parks, there are factors such as increased consumption of resources and energy, increased production of three wastes, blind location and inadequate supervision.

It not only causes the increase of environmental pollution load, but also aggravates the degree of ecological damage, which has seriously affected the ecological environment of the region. The environmental problems caused by the development of chemical industrial parks are becoming increasingly prominent.

Therefore, how to seize the problems arising from the construction and development of chemical industry parks, take countermeasures and measures, and promote the scientific development of chemical industrial parks has become a pressing problem at present.

1. Ludwig Chemical Industrial Zone, Germany

Ludwig Chemical Industrial Park, located on the Rhine River in Germany, covers an area of 7.11 square kilometers. It is an integrated petrochemical production base built by Basf Inc alone.

There are 32 thousand employees in the park, of whom about 16% are R & D personnel. In this integrated production base, factories are linked to each other. Waste or by-products from a project or a factory can be used as inputs or raw materials for the next project or factory.

At the same time, in the Ludwig chemical industry area, utilities and auxiliary facilities often concentrate on construction and unified supply services, which not only reduces the cost of environmental pollution control, but also effectively utilizes resources and logistics, and fully embodies the concept of circular economy.

2. Rotterdam port chemical industrial park, Holland

Rotterdam port chemical industrial park is located in the delta of the Rhine and Ma Si River. It has a port industrial belt integrating chemical engineering, refining and shipbuilding. It is one of the world's leading petrochemical production centers.

As a mature chemical industry park, the development mode and management mode of Rotterdam port chemical park is of great significance to the development of chemical industry park in China.

First, we should make full use of geographical advantages to build port oriented industrial parks centered on ports.

Second, actively develop port logistics and transport services, and build Rotterdam port chemical industrial park as an international shipping hub for global economic activities and resource allocation.

Third, through reasonable planning, we should build an international city integrating Hong Kong and city.

3. Shanghai Chemical Industrial Zone

Shanghai chemical industry area is located on the north coast of Hangzhou Bay. Since its establishment, it has vigorously developed an integrated circular economy, integrating clean production, comprehensive utilization of resources and sustainable development to promote the construction of an integrated industrial chain.

The scale effect of circular economy in chemical industry mainly comes from the sharing of public infrastructure, that is, centralized supply of energy, industrial water, raw materials, and comprehensive recovery and utilization of waste heat, waste water and waste. Through infrastructure sharing, the efficiency and recycling rate of resources can be improved, and energy consumption and waste emissions can be reduced.

1. development status of chemical industry parks in China

Chemical industrial parks in China are mainly divided into five types: petrochemical, fine chemical, city relocation, enterprise expansion and resource type.

Petrochemical Chemical Industry Park is generally large, and the development of a series of downstream industries is led by the refining and ethylene plant. The chemical industry park mainly consists of Shanghai Chemical Industrial Park and Nanjing Chemical Industrial Park.

Fine chemical industry park is dominated by fine chemicals and bulk synthetic materials, such as Nantong economic development zone and Taixing Chemical Industrial Park.

The urban relocation Chemical Industrial Park refers to the unified relocation of the previously dispersed chemical enterprises to the new chemical industrial park, such as the chemical industrial zone of the Tianjin Development Zone and the Hefei Chemical Industrial Park.

The expansion of chemical industrial park means expansion on the basis of the original enterprise, such as Qilu Chemical Industrial Park.

Resource-based chemical parks are often built in areas rich in coal and other resources, so the investment cost is relatively low, such as Yulin coal based energy and chemical base, Ningdong energy and chemical base.

In recent years, chemical industry parks, such as petrochemicals, coal chemical industry, natural gas chemical industry, salt chemical industry and so on, have been gradually developed in China's coastal areas, along the Yangtze River and in the central and western regions.

Due to the influence of local economic development level and government environmental awareness, the development level of chemical industry parks in China is unbalanced.

At the beginning of the development, some parks identified a reasonable industrial location, and combined the development of the park with the local economy, the development plan and the national industrial policy. Now it has a large scale, such as Shanghai Chemical Industrial Park and Nanjing Chemical Industrial Park.

However, in some economically underdeveloped areas, although the park has introduced some projects, it has a certain scale. However, due to the urgent need for attracting investment, blind location and construction, inadequate supervision and other reasons, the competitive advantage of the park is not obvious, and the environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious.

2. problems in the development of chemical industry parks in China

Based on the basic situation and management status of chemical industrial parks in China, the following problems exist.

First, there is no uniform and reasonable plan for the construction of the park.

At the beginning of development and construction, chemical industry park did not combine the actual situation of the local area, blindly promoted the construction of Chemical Industrial Park, failed to conduct qualitative and quantitative evaluation in site selection, industrial location and planning, resulting in unreasonable layout and repeated construction of the park, and the problems in the later development process could not be effectively solved.

In the construction of chemical industrial parks, it is often necessary to build and plan first, and enterprises first collect land points and fix points, so that production areas, living areas and storage areas are mixed together, failing to make rational use of public infrastructure and lack a unified park construction plan.

Second, low access threshold and blind introduction.

In order to realize the economic development, some parks have the mentality of being eager for success in the introduction of enterprises. Some parks ignore the technical content of the project, and at the expense of the environment, introduce some serious pollution, overcapacity and backward technology projects into the park, leaving hidden danger for the sustainable development of the park.

Third, lack of environmental management capability.

At present, due to the increase of environmental protection tasks, the transformation of environmental management objects (from single type to decentralized type), the lack of environmental law enforcement supervision mechanism and the restriction of local protectionism, most chemical industry parks have difficulty in supervising and enforcing laws, and the corresponding environmental management fails to keep pace with the development of chemical industrial parks.

In addition, some enterprises have weak awareness of environmental protection, and the phenomenon of stealing and draining occurs frequently, which further increases the difficulty of supervision and management of chemical industrial parks.

Fourth, environmental protection infrastructure is lagging behind.

Some small or newly built chemical industrial parks are busy attracting investment, although there are certain plans for the construction of environmental protection infrastructure in the park, but the construction is slow. In order to attract foreign investment, some parks allow enterprises to put into production under the condition that sewage collection network and centralized sewage treatment plant have not been built, causing serious pollution to the surrounding environment and threatening the production and life of the surrounding people.

1. rational planning of Chemical Industrial Park

First, after planning and establishing the Shanghai Chemical Industrial Park, there is a definite development plan at the beginning of the establishment of the park. According to the industrial development trend and the concept of circular economy, the enterprises should be guided to the key points to be developed. Therefore, the rational planning of the Chemical Industrial Park is the necessary means to ensure the effective implementation of the environmental management in the chemical industrial park.

First of all, we need scientific site selection and strictly enforce relevant regulations. Secondly, the park should meet the requirements of environmental protection in terms of planning layout and industrial location, and actively promote industries with recycling economy, so as to promote the formation of industrial chains in the chemical industrial park. Finally, enterprises that fail to pass the review or fail to meet the EIA requirements of the EIA should not be allowed to enter.

2., strengthen infrastructure construction.

At present, some chemical industrial parks are lagging behind in infrastructure construction, leading to the failure to effectively implement environmental management measures.

Therefore, chemical industrial park should strengthen infrastructure construction, such as sewage collection network, centralized sewage treatment facilities, central heating system and centralized solid waste.

At the same time, we should learn from the environmental management experience of chemical industrial parks in developed countries, such as the introduction of BOT mode in infrastructure construction, that is, infrastructure construction is no longer arranged by the government, but based on the agreement between the government and enterprises, we encourage enterprises and other social investors to actively raise funds for building an infrastructure, and adhere to the principle of "enterprise oriented" and "government guidance and promotion".

The introduction of BOT mode can not only improve the operational efficiency of the project, but also reduce the interests disputes between the government and enterprises, and promote the healthy development of the park.

3., strengthen the service and supervision of the park.

We should improve the level of environmental management at the grass-roots level, improve the effectiveness of environmental supervision in chemical industrial parks, and strengthen the construction of environmental management institutions. The environmental protection department should intervene in the construction project in advance. When conducting the park supervision, a professional environmental regulatory agency can be established and supervised in real time.

At the same time, environmental publicity should be strengthened to enhance the environmental awareness of enterprises and individuals. Chemical industrial parks should also be equipped with professional personnel, responsible for environmental protection supervision and environmental protection files.

4. in line with national industrial policy

The analysis of management experience of advanced chemical industrial parks shows that industrial agglomeration and industrial integration can not only enhance the overall competitiveness of enterprises, but also reduce environmental pollution and improve resource utilization.

At the same time, the introduction of chemical industrial park projects should conform to the national industrial policy and give priority to the introduction of projects that are conducive to the extension of industrial chain and to the comprehensive utilization of resources.

We should focus on developing products with high technology content, low pollution and low energy consumption. All items prohibited by the state or those containing carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic substances are not allowed to enter the park. In construction, we should consider the convergence of upstream and downstream industries, and promote the development of industrial integration.