Learning! Basic Knowledge!

Using a knitting needle (Needle), one or several yarns fed by weft feeding are successively bent into a series of coils (Loop), and then the new coil generated is interwoven with the old coils (Looping) to form knitted fabrics (Knitting Fabric).

Basic concepts of knitted fabrics

coil

The coil is the basic structural unit of knitted fabric, and it is a three degree curved space curve. The coil is made up of coil and arc. Among them, the straight line section in the coil is as follows: 1-2 and 4-5 are called circle columns, the arc section 2-3-4 is called needle arc, and the extension line 5-6-7 is called the settlement arc. In the process, the side of the display coil coil is usually used as the front of the process, showing the side of the needle arc and the arc of sedimentation as the opposite side of the process.

Basic coils

Basic coil structure

Coil forming, loop winding and floating line are the most basic structural units of all knitted fabrics.

Basic coil formation process

Knitting Stitch

After weaving the old coil, the knitting needle rises to the highest point, feeding the yarn, lowering the needle, forming a new coil.

When the needle is finished, the newly formed coil is in the needle.

The knitting needle rises to the position of the withdrawal ring, the coil opens the needle tongue and slides onto the needle bar.

The knitting needle drops and the new yarn enters the needle hook through the yarn guide.

The needle continues to drop, and the old coil slides along the needle bar and closes the needle.

The knitting needle pulls the new yarn out of the old coil and produces a new coil. This position is called the ring off position.

The knitting needle is in the ring off position, preparing for the next lap process.

Collector coil (Tuck Stitch)

When the needle is finished, the newly formed coil is in the needle.

The knitting needle rises to the position of the collecting ring. Compared with the loop forming process, it is found that the knitting needle rises less than the withdrawal ring, and the coil is still retained in the tongue, but it can also hook the new yarn.

The needle dropped, because there was no coil under the needle tongue, it could not be closed. The new yarn and the old coil were still in the needle hook, so no coil was formed.

The knitting needle rises again, starts the next knitting process, the new yarn and the old coil are retreated to the needle bar.

The needle will once again pull the new yarn out of the old coil and yarn.

The knitting needle descends in the ring off position, and the new coil forms.

Knitting process

The textile process on knitting machines can be divided into three stages.

Feeding yarn

The yarn is conveyed to the knitting area of the knitting machine at a certain tension. This stage is called yarn feeding.

Loop formation

In the textile area, yarns are knitted or formed into a certain shape knitted fabric in the textile area. The coil is made of yarn and knitted by longitudinal sleeve and transverse connection. So knitting is the basic technology of knitting.

The forming process can be decomposed into the following stages in sequence.

Ring out - the newly formed coil (called the old coil) is moved from the needle hook to the needle bar.

To lay the yarn -- feed the yarn to the knitting needle; bend the yarn -- the yarn.

The line is bent into the shape of the coil.

Take yarn - transfer the yarn on the new mat or the bent coil into the hook.

Close - close the needle pin, ring - loop the old line to the needle hook closed by the needle.

The new ring or new coil meets the old coil inside and outside the needle hook.

Out of loop - the old coil is removed from the needle hook and set on the new coil.

Loop forming a new coil that forms a closed and specified size.

Pull - pull the new coil out of the loop area. The new coil becomes an old coil in the next 10% cycles.

There are two types of knitting processes: needle weaving and knitting.

In the process of knitting, the stages of ring formation are carried out in the order mentioned above.

In the process of knitting, the bending yarn begins at the ring off stage and cooperates with the looping stage.

In some knitting machines, the knitting needles are finished sequentially in sequence, and there are also knitting processes in which all knitting needles are carried out at the same time.

Coiling

The knitted fabric is drawn from the loop area or is rolled into a certain form of roll up. This stage is called the traction coiling stage.

Knitted fabric characteristics

Dispersion

In a knitted fabric, the coil and the coil are separated from each other and lose their string performance due to the breakage of a yarn. The greater the friction coefficient and flexural rigidity of yarns, the shorter the length of the coils, and the smaller the dispersion of knitted fabrics.

Edge crimping

In the free state, the performance of the knitted fabric edge appears wrapping. This is due to the straightening of the bending yarn in the edge coil. The thicker the yarn is, the better the elasticity is. The shorter the coil length is, the more remarkable the curling is. Generally double-sided knitted fabric, because the internal stress at the edge of the front and back coils is approximately balanced, so it does not curl.

Extensibility

The dimensional elongation of knitted fabrics under tensile force. Because the coil can change the shape and size, the knitted fabric has greater elongation. Changing the structure can reduce the elongation of knitted fabric.

elastic

The ability of knitted fabric to return to its original size after removal of external force. It depends on yarn properties, coil length and knitted fabric structure.

Strength

Knitted fabric can bear the force (kg) when it breaks. Commonly used tensile and bursting test methods to determine.

Hook and pilling

Knitted fabric meets the rough object, it will be hooked out of fiber or yarn, tighten part of the coil, form a silk ring on the surface of the fabric, called the hook. Fabric is constantly subjected to friction during washing and washing. The ends of the yarn appear on the surface of the fabric, forming a hairy, called fuzz. In future wear, if the hairs are intertwined with each other and kneaded into spheres, it is called pilling. In addition to using conditions, the main factors that affect silk thread and pilling are raw materials, yarn structure, knitted fabric and dyeing and finishing.

Shrinkage

The percentage of change in length or width of knitted fabric during processing or use is often divided into shrinkage, shrinkage, shrinkage and flaccid shrinkage.