Forensic Expertise Is Becoming More Market-Oriented, DNA Detection Industry Billions Of Market Available.

The market of forensic authentication is growing rapidly.

The marketization reform of forensic appraisal began in 2005. At that time, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress issued the decision on the administration of judicial expertise. Since then, forensic institutions have sprung up, and since 2005, forensic medical material identification and personal accreditation have increased rapidly in two categories, and the growth rate is expected to remain above 20% in the future.

"The scope of judicial expertise is very narrow. In fact, it only includes forensic identification, judicial accounting, mental illness, construction engineering and so on. The administrative department for examination and approval shall be examined by the Ministry of justice and the judiciary. Similar to antique calligraphy and painting price appraisal is more market-oriented, the original defendant agreed to endorse. In October 29th, Zhang Yongquan, a lawyer from Guo Hao (Tianjin) law firm, said in an interview with the twenty-first Century economic report reporter that the principal of judicial expertise is the court and the Ministry of justice provides an alternative list. After the court approves, the judge decides which institution to take. In the actual litigation process, in order to avoid corruption, it will be selected randomly by Yaohao.

Billion market

The relative division of the market and the opening of administrative examination and approval allow judicial expertise to grow rapidly in the past decades.

Ping An Securities medical team analyst Ye Yin pointed out that DNA construction and identification is expected to be the outbreak point of forensic DNA detection, and is expected to become the next blue ocean, with a total scale of over 20 billion.

The so-called forensic evidence identification is the detection of DNA by blood, cells or other body fluids to identify the species, species and personal sources of biological specimens. Personal identification business includes personal identification and identification related to forensic DNA detection technology.

Among them, forensic forensic appraisal business increased from 11 thousand in 2005 to nearly 225 thousand in 2017, an increase of nearly 20 times, with a compound annual growth rate of about 25.9%.

According to classification, forensic appraisal usually includes forensic identification, namely, identification and judgement of body, human body, secretions, excreta, stomach and hair, etc.; forensic psychiatry identification, that is, identification and judgement of persons suffering from mental illness and criminal responsibility; forensic identification, namely, identification and judgement of fingerprints, footprints, handwriting, bullet marks, etc.; accounting identification, that is, activities of identification and judgement of books, forms, bills, invoices, checks and other written materials; and identification of technical questions, that is, identification and judgement of science and technology involved in industry, transportation and construction.

Because forensic DNA detection technology has become an indispensable tool in modern forensic expertise, its growth is the most impressive. The construction of DNA database with high correlation with public security organs is the most deterministic growth. According to Zhang Yongquan analysis, "it is not only one of the most effective technical means to deal with major events such as various cases, serious accidents and natural disasters, but also extends its application to the establishment of forensic DNA database and identification."

But at present, there is still a big gap between China's DNA and the developed countries. The DNA database building rate in the United Kingdom and the United States is 9.25% and 4.71%, while the ratio of the total sample size to the total population in China is only 3.17%. The proportion of the former database, the on-site library and the missing person library is 2.91%, 0.11% and 0.04%, respectively.

This means that there are about 2000-8000 sample gaps in the Chinese market, and there is great room for building DNA database. In the future, the DNA database is expected to increase according to the annual rate of 8 million. Then the market scale of the DNA establishment of public security organs will increase by about 1 billion every year, and the total market space will reach 10 billion level by 100-150 yuan.

At present, the annual laboratory capacity of domestic DNA laboratories exceeds 10 million. On the one hand, the construction of DNA database for public security organs is the construction of laboratories, including self building, cooperation and outsourcing, involving the purchase of testing instruments. On the other hand, due to the continuous occurrence of case accidents, the public libraries' libraries, on-site repositories and missing personnel repositories will also be expanded. The demand for forensic DNA testing kits is also increasing.

In addition, neonatal gene bank detection is another potential market. At present, pilot projects have been conducted in Guangxi and Chongqing. If we can spread it all over the country, we can calculate the annual market space by about 20 billion per year based on the calculation of 1200 yuan per year, according to the calculation of 1500-1800 million newborns per year. In addition, affected by the two child policy, about 6 million 500 thousand of the population will need to be identified by household registration. According to each estimate of 1200-1800 yuan, it will also reach the scale of 10 billion market.

Malpractice of Marketization

Although the above four kinds of judicial expertise may play a vital role in the litigation process, the pricing level is strictly controlled. However, due to the lack of supporting supervision and self-discipline and low access threshold, forensic expertise has also seen many chaos at that time.

Zhang Yongquan explained to the twenty-first Century economic report reporter: "the price of forensic appraisal is approved by the price bureau. There is generally no room for bargaining and gross margin is not high. Taking DNA identification as an example, the equipment is relatively expensive, and the machine with precision and quick results may need tens of millions or less. In addition, we must accept the spot checks of the Metrology Department and calculate the cost of manpower and consumables reagents. Relatively speaking, some of the more profitable are disability identification and injury identification, because no need for instrumentation, just take photographs, according to the objective facts, according to the standard to give the identification results.

However, the corruption of forensic expertise has always been a prominent problem.

Taking disability identification as an example, because the appraisal level can be expanded or reduced, a specialized "cattle" has been linked up with a familiar appraisal institution, making false identification, exaggerating the grade of disability, and obtaining huge compensation from the insurance company. For example, in general traffic accidents, the maximum amount of insurance compensation for injured parties is 1 million 360 thousand yuan, with an average disability level of 136 thousand per person, and each additional disability level can earn more than 136 thousand yuan.

Shanghai Insurance Association anti fraud center responsible person believes that these "cattle" is essentially an agent, "the emergence of agents does not mean fraud. They may not buy the right of claim, they will act as agent and agent, while the normal agency is a market behavior.

"At present, in order to avoid corruption, cross Provincial Commission will be adopted to make more choices." Zhang Yongquan said this, and the biggest customers of these institutions are local courts, which basically do not accept personal trust, so as to prevent the identification result as a litigation evidence, which will affect the trial results, and then cause negative social impact.