Industrial Cluster: Build A Green And Efficient Cotton Production Demonstration Area Through Multiple Approaches

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In September, the 200000 mu cotton field in Juye County entered the boll opening period. Under a clear blue sky, the green cotton fields in Houdianzi Village, Taomiao Town, Juye County are dotted with white "flowers". A closer look shows that cotton trees are covered with cotton bolls, bending the branches, and some of the cotton bolls crack "smiling faces", which are very white and pleasing. Just a few months ago in May, this cotton field was still a garlic planting base. After the garlic harvest, it became a cotton field.

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The garlic cotton intercropping mode is one of the most common intercropping modes in the garlic planting area of southwest Shandong, which once deterred many cotton farmers, because this mode requires the manual transplanting of cotton seedlings bred in advance into garlic rows, which is time-consuming, laborious and inefficient. In order to overcome this disadvantage, Juye County has continuously carried out the experiment and demonstration of direct seeding short season cotton after garlic. Through the experimental research on different varieties, different sowing dates, different planting densities, different sowing methods, chemical control and fertilizer efficiency of post garlic direct seeding short season cotton, the light, simple, green and efficient planting technology suitable for the county was screened and combined.

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From 2022 to 2023, Juye County will vigorously carry out the comparative test, demonstration and display of cotton varieties according to local conditions. In 2022, 27 spring cotton varieties and 5 short season cotton varieties will be tested and demonstrated; In 2023, there will be 24 demonstration spring cotton varieties and 3 short season cotton varieties. Through practice, 9 varieties were selected from 36 spring cotton varieties tested in two years to be the main or reserve cotton varieties in Juye County. "The theoretical yield of short season cotton variety Lumian 532 seed cotton is 297.4 kg/mu, with good comprehensive properties and good prospects for popularization and application." This year, the acceptance expert group gave a consensus.

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Agricultural scientific and technological innovation is the first driving force of agricultural development. In order to enable cotton farmers to master new modern cotton planting technologies as soon as possible, Juye County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau focuses on building a diversified agricultural technology promotion service system, and widely publicizes and promotes green, high-quality and efficient cotton cultivation technology through the network, radio and television, WeChat, training courses, on-site observation meetings and face-to-face guidance of agricultural technicians. "Through a variety of measures, we have made every village have technicians and every household has understanding people, creating a good green cotton planting atmosphere, and the cotton farmers' cotton planting level has been greatly improved," said the head of Juye County Agricultural and Rural Bureau.

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"Compared with the previous interplanting, the direct seeding of short season cotton and garlic saves many links such as seedling raising, which can realize mechanized seeding and reduce labor intensity. The yield has increased year by year and the benefits are very good, which is a good thing for our people." Many cotton farmers can't stop praising the improved version of short season cotton. Today, "8 labors are saved per mu, and the income is increased by 400 yuan", making the post direct seeding planting mode of high-quality short season cotton and garlic blossom everywhere in southwest Shandong, becoming a magic weapon for cotton farmers to increase their income and become rich.

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Seed is the chip of agriculture, and modern cotton seed industry is the golden key to the revitalization of cotton industry. In recent years, Juye County has concentrated on implementing the project of improving cotton varieties, building a cotton quality inspection room, repairing and upgrading 765 cubic meters of constant temperature storage warehouses, building a 100 mu cotton variety breeding base, and promoting new breakthroughs in high-quality cotton varieties. At the same time, a demonstration center for new cotton varieties covering an area of 100 mu is also built to carry out the demonstration, comparison and test of cotton varieties, so as to screen high yield, stable yield, disease and insect resistance, drought and waterlogging resistance and other high yield, high quality and multi resistance cotton varieties suitable for planting.

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In the middle and later stage of cotton production, Juye County Agricultural and Rural Bureau will organize grass-roots agricultural technicians, large growers, demonstration farmers of improved varieties, representatives of seed enterprises and others to observe on the spot. The demonstration center will be built into a new variety test area, a demonstration area of improved varieties and methods, a demonstration area of main varieties, and a training area for farmers to select and use varieties, and will introduce the most suitable varieties and supporting technologies to farmers, To truly enable farmers to select seeds correctly and use seeds scientifically. In addition, Juye County has provided the last insurance for cotton production and prosperity through direct subsidies, improved seed subsidies, and promotion of green prevention and control technology of cotton bollworm.

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In half a month, the cotton firewood pulling period will begin. The harmless treatment of cotton straw used to be a headache for countless cotton farmers, but now it has been overcome in Juye County. "We are actively exploring the 'cotton straw+fertilizer' model, transforming cotton straw into organic fertilizer through maturity technology, realizing green circular development, further extending the industrial chain, and making it a sharp tool to improve fertility, improve soil, and promote agricultural income." The person in charge of Juye County Agricultural and Rural Bureau introduced, Relying on the specialized cooperative of Juye County Taomiao Xuanyang Planting, the cotton straw will be collected in a centralized way and mechanically crushed at a fixed point. The crushed straw will be mixed and stacked with the decomposed microbial agent, cow dung, etc. in a certain proportion. Through reasonable adjustment of temperature, water and other environmental factors, the cotton straw will be quickly decomposed to form organic fertilizer. When applied to the cultivated land, the soil organic matter can be increased and the soil physical and chemical properties can be improved.