???? ?? ?? ?? ??

big macs, big /large -cap stock, mega -issue

ofering, list ??

bourse ???

corporate champion ???? ??

Shanghai Exchange ?? ??

????

mutual fund ?? ??

hedge mutual fund ??? ?? ??

??

valuation ??

underwriter ????

govenment bond ?? ??

saving account ?? ??

????

shareholder ??

delist ??

?? ??

???

traded company, trading enterprise ????

stakeholder ?? ???

tranncy ???

market fundamentealist ?? ?? ?? ??

damage -contral machinery ????

????

intellectual property ?????

opportunist practiice ?? ??

???

cook the book ?? ??

regulatory system ?? ???

portfolio ?? ??

?? ????

?? ????

volatility ??

diversification ???

real estate ???

option ??

call option ?? ??

put option

merger ??

arbitrage ??

?curities and Exchange Commision 〈 ? 〉 ???????

dollar standard ?? ???

??

deficit ??

bad debt ?? ?

macroeconomic ????

fiscal stimulus ?? ??

a store of value ??

paction currency ?? ??

?? ??

intervention currency ?? ??

Treasury bond ??? ??

current -account ?? ????

pickup in rice ?? ??

Federal Reserve ?? ???

???

deflation ?? ??

????

montary policy ?? ??

foreigh exchange ??

spot paction

forward paction ?? ??

option forward paction ?? ??

swap paction ?? ??

????

settlment and delivery ??

?? ??

?? ??

spread ??

contract ??

at par ??

premium ???

???

drect quoation method ?? ???

indirect quoation method ?? ???

??

domestic currency

floating rate ?? ??

parrent company ??

credit swap ?? ??

venture capital ?? ??

book value ?? ??

?? ??

IPO (initial public offering) ?? ? ??

job machine ?? ??

welfare capitallism ?? ????

collective market cap ?? ?? ??

golbal corporration ?????

trannational status ??? ??

pfer price ?? ??

??

leverage ???

Federal Reserve ?? ???

financial turmoil /meltdown ????

?? ??

??

take over ??

buy out (????) ??? ?? ?? ?? ??

go under ??

take a nosedive (????) ??

tumble ??

falter ????

on the hook

shore up confidence ?? ???

stave off ?? ???,

liquidate asets ?? ??

at fire sale pricess ???

sell -off ??? ???