Chinese Style Management: An Interesting Orientation
On a weekend in 1930s, Drucker went to Cambridge on a regular train to attend the weekend seminar held by Professor Keynes. After listening to the teachings of the master of economics many times, Drucker suddenly realized that all the people in the room, including Keynes himself and intelligent and talented students of economics, are interested in the behavior of commodities, but they are more concerned about human behavior. Because of this concern for human sexuality, Drucker is determined to devote himself to the field of management and even to manage consultants as a lifelong career.
On the surface, management seems to be inseparable from commodity oriented category; however, in Drucker's eyes, "man" is the whole content of management.
In other words, all management activities are centered on "people". It is under this premise that managers all over the world begin their activities. Most of the basic disciplines of management are related to human activities and human activities: psychology studies human inner activities, politics studies the distribution and conflict between human beings, anthropology studies the state before human socialization, sociology studies the process and influence of human socialization, and studies how to regulate human behavior through institutional means.
Due to the differences in natural conditions, sage mode of thinking and state governance, there are great differences in personality between Chinese and Westerners. Therefore, as a management activity centered on "people" and starting point, we need to understand this difference first. For the western management theory and practice, before applying to China, we need to first examine whether these assumptions are consistent with China and use them in an attitude of sublation. At the same time, China's thousands of years of history provide us with abundant resources, and the management principles that can be summed up can open up an unprecedented new field in the management system innovation of Chinese people and even in the world.
Chinese thinking
Platon's "Utopia" is considered to be the origin of Western civilization. Socrates believes that justice is the highest value of western culture in this Socratic quotation. Similarly, in the Analects of Chinese culture, Confucius believed that benevolence is the highest value in our society.
More than three thousand years ago, when the eastern and Western cultures did not intersect, we found common ground between eastern and Western cultures: when Socrates was asked what justice was, the answer given by the western philosopher was consistent with the answer given by Confucius, the Oriental philosopher, when he was asked what is "benevolence", that is, giving everyone the best position and giving him the greatest value.
As people in the society, we are in the same way as the West in many ways: we all advocate strong personal qualities such as strong, patient, enthusiastic, hard working and dedication. We all require everyone in the organization to have a team concept and require harmony with their colleagues.
However, in many ways, there are huge differences between Chinese and Westerners.
In the process of socialization, there are great differences between the East and the west, so that our society in China is constructed on the basis of consanguinity. Each of us lives in a complex social network. The description of kinship in Chinese language is much more detailed than that in the West. Our aunt, aunt, aunt, aunt, aunt, and so on, which express different kinship terms and plate them into English, are all "aunt" - the word that represents us twice as old as ours.
This is even more true in Japanese culture, which is deeply influenced by Chinese culture. "Whenever a Japanese person tells another Japanese to eat or do, they must use different vocabularies according to their degree of intimacy or their peers." This training from small to large makes us pay more attention to the background factors while facing problems. At the same time, Westerners pay more attention to the central content of things.
This shows that Westerners have less social constraints. They emphasize independence and pay more attention to their own problems. When they are in conflict with their surroundings, they are more willing to change the environment instead of changing themselves.
In contrast, Chinese people emphasize more on the adaptation of individuals to the larger environment. They are more concerned about their status in the environment and their views on themselves. Comparatively speaking, a good organizational atmosphere has a greater impact on Chinese people.
At the same time, because of this cognitive difference, Chinese and Westerners will show greater differences in attribution. A person's work performance is not satisfactory. In the eyes of Westerners, he will be more likely to be attributed to his personal qualities. In the eyes of Chinese, they will look for the root of organizational culture that causes this problem. A job seeker's interview results are not ideal. In the Western perspective, he will be considered unable to bear too much pressure, so he can not assign too much pressure to the task, while the Chinese will pay more attention to environmental factors, such as the layout of the interview environment, the way the interviewer raises questions, and so on.
This cognitive difference makes Westerners pay more attention to detail in their way of thinking, while Chinese prefer to consider things in a broad context. We prefer to talk about strategy and pay less attention to tactics at execution level.
Chinese inheritance
Compared with the west, Chinese society has some unique features. All Chinese enterprises will face the problem of successors at a certain stage. Whether they can deal with this problem directly relates to the sustainability of Chinese enterprises. Wang An computer company once dominated the top ranking of global information products providers. However, faced with the company's talent, Wang An still chose to give the company to his outstanding son Wang, which led to the three swordsmen supporting Wang An computer company - Cobb, Skar, and coco, who left Wang An computer company, which led to CISCO's chief executive Chambers leaving the Wang An company. In 1992, after Wang Ling took over the company for 6 years, the "myth" finally came to a full stop.
Some people may say that the behavior of Chuan Zi is not Chinese. Watson of IBM and Galvin of Motorola did not pass the company to his son. The key here is not the way of inheritance, but the choice of heritage. The starting point of Wang An's choice is how to keep his company under the control of Wangjia. He accepted the media interview and said frankly: "I am the founder of the company. I want to maintain my complete control over the company so that my children can have the opportunity to prove whether they have the ability to run the company." Wang An inherited the glory of the family and the control of the enterprise.
The same is the father of son, IBM Watson left his son is the famous "IBM way": "respect for individuals, high quality customer service, product excellence." What Motorola's Galvin left to his son is the company's values: "respect for people forever and maintain noble integrity". The reason for choosing them is not only that they are their own offspring, but also because they can understand and firmly implement the core values of the company. Wang An, the "great housekeeper" who knows most about Wang An, is considered by the media to be the best person who can inherit the spirit of the company and lead the Wang An computer into the new century. But because he was not the Wangs, he didn't manage Wang an computer. The limitation of Eastern thinking finally blocked a promising Chinese enterprise outside the gate of twenty-first Century.
Similarly, when faced with another class of successors, the differences between East and West are more about the cultural background of the two sides. In the farming era, Anglo American represented Anglo American. The Saxon culture is also the continental culture represented by France and Germany. When facing the problem of inheritance right, it adopts the way of the eldest son's inheritance, and other sons besides the eldest son should make their own way. China adopts a family separation system, and all the children have the right of succession.
When GE chooses heirs, it shows the shadow of the eldest son succession system: when faced with the choice of Immelt, nadley and Mike Ronnie, after 6 years of inspection, Welch finally chose to give GE to Immelt, and the other two candidates left GE: mcclooney became 3M's CEO, and nudley became CEO of HomeDepot.
Similarly, the Lenovo on the side of the Straits and the macro on the other side of the Strait also face the same successor problem as GE. Under the background of eastern culture, we saw more or less the shadow of the separation system between Liu Chuanzhi and Stan Shih. Lenovo was split into Lenovo computers and digital China which were controlled by Yang Yuanqing and Guo respectively, and the macro was split into Wang Zhentang, Lin Xian Ming and Li Hui Kuang Yao respectively holding the macro, Wei Chuang and BenQ.
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