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White Coat Siblings

2009/9/30 17:34:00 78

The Korean nationality is one of the minority nationalities in China and a part of the Chinese nation.

They are mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces.

The rest are scattered in large and medium-sized cities such as the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Ji'nan, Xi'an and Wuhan.

Among them, Korean residents in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin province use Korean and Korean language.

Korean common Chinese in mixed areas.

According to the fifth national census of 2000, the population of the Korean nationality is 1923842.

At the end of 2008, the total household population of Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture was 2 million 187 thousand, of which 806 thousand were Korean population, accounting for 36.8% of the total population.

The ancestors of Chinese Koreans were Koreans who moved to the 3 provinces of Northeast China from the Korean Peninsula.

After settling down, they gradually developed into a Chinese nation.

The 1982 national census found that some of the ancestors of the Chinese Koreans settled in the northeast as early as the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.

For example, the Korean nationality of Po Jia Gou Village in Gaixian County of Liaoning province has been settled there for over 300 years.

Since the middle of nineteenth Century, more and more Korean people have moved from the Korean Peninsula. This is the main source of Chinese Korean nationality.

Due to the cruel exploitation and oppression of the Korean feudal ruling class at that time, especially in the northern part of the DPRK in 1869, a number of miserable North Korean peasants came to China across the Yalu River and the Tumen River, and reclaimed their land along the banks of the two rivers, cohabited with Han, Manchu and other ethnic groups.

But at that time, the number of immigrants is not very large, most of them are still living in spring and autumn.

With the intensification of Japanese imperialist aggression in North Korea, a large number of residents settled in Northeast China's border areas in search of a way out of the Qing government's ban. According to statistics, in 1870, there were 28 Koreans living in the North Bank of the Yalu River.

Qing Guangxu seven years (1881) Yanbian region has reached more than 10 thousand Korean people.

In 1883, there were more than 3.7 Korean residents in Ji'an, Linjiang and Xinbin county.

In the same period, a large number of Korean farmers were also moved along the coast of the wusuri river.

There are 1 autonomous prefectures and 1 autonomous counties in the residential areas of the Korean nationality in China.

The Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin province was founded in September 3, 1952. The state government is located in Yanji. It has Yanji, Dunhua, Hunchun, Tumen, Longjing, Helong six cities, Antu and Wangqing two counties, with an area of 42700 square kilometers.

Yanbian is located in the border between China, Korea and Russia, and is located in the "Golden Triangle" zone of Northeast Asia, where the mountains are clear and the products are rich.

The total length of the boundary line is 755.2 km, of which the Sino Korean border line is 522.5 km, and the Sino Russian border line is 232.7 km.

Jilin Changbai Korean Autonomous County was established in September 15, 1958. The Autonomous County is located in the East and south between the Yalu River and Korea.

In the 50~60 century of nineteenth Century, the Qing government adopted a policy of prohibition against the entry of Korean peasants.

Later, the policy of recruiting people to reclaim land was diverted. In.1881, the Bureau of waste affairs was set up in Jilin. In the Nangang (Hunchun), Yanji, Dong Gou and other places, the Bureau of recruitment and reclamation was recruited.

In 1885, the Qing government designated the area along the north shore of the Tumen river about 700 miles and 50 miles wide to be a special reclamation area for Korean farmers, which made it easier for Korean farmers to move into the northeast area.

In 1910, the Japanese imperialists swallowed up the DPRK and were intolerable to the imperialist oppression and exploitation of the Korean people and some patriots. They moved to Northeast China in large numbers and reached more than 360 thousand by 1918.

The Korean people have glorious revolutionary tradition.

After the Japanese imperialists invaded the Korean settlements in 1906, the Korean people began their anti Japanese activities, from spontaneous to organized Anti Japanese activities.

In October 1927, the organization of the Communist Party of China was established in the DPRK area.

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Korean and Chinese Anti Japanese guerrilla forces were established throughout the country.

In the second army of the Northeast Anti Japanese allied forces, the Korean nationality accounted for the overwhelming majority, and the Korean soldiers in the first, seventh army also accounted for about half.

In the autumn of 1938, 8 Chinese and Korean women guerrillas shot the last bullet in front of the powerful enemy, smashed the weapons, and plunged into the Mudanjiang River tributary of the river. They wrote the famous tragic poem of "eight women throwing the river".

Tens of thousands of Korean fighters died in the war of resistance against Japan.

During the war of liberation, only 50 thousand Korean people joined the army in Yanbian.

After the outbreak of the Korean War, a large number of Korean youth responded to the call of "resist US aggression and aid Korea, protect their homeland", joined the Chinese people's volunteers, crossed the Yalu River, fought side by side with their compatriots in neighboring countries, and made great contributions to the victory of the Korean War.

Socioeconomic

The area where Korean people live is rich in land and rich in resources. It is one of the main forest areas in China.

Under the Changbai Mountain, the Korean people opened up this fertile territory.

In the early days of the development of wasteland in the northeast border area, the Korean people were hungry for food and wild fruits and wild vegetables. They lived in a very humble thatched cottage. They used wooden ploughs.

By 1881, more than 5300 hectares of land had been reclaimed in Yanbian.

In 1884, more than 12000 hectares of land were reclaimed in the Korean reclamation area.

For a long time, most of them are engaged in agricultural production, and some of them are engaged in forestry and sideline production.

In 1870s, they planted rice in Da Dian Zi and other places in Tonghua County of Jilin Province, and succeeded in planting rice in Linjiang, Huairen, Xingjing, Liuhe, Hailong and some parts of Yanbian.

In 1906, the Korean farmers began digging irrigation channels at the great education hole in Yong Zhi Township, Helong County, and irrigation water increased the rice production. From then on, the paddy field area in Yanbian increased year by year and became an important rice producing area in Northeast China.

The rice processed here is white, oily and nutritious. It is famous for its "small station rice" in Beijing and Tianjin.

However, a handful of Manchu and Han nationality "Zhan Hu", who have special power, have taken advantage of various means to occupy large areas of peasants' blood and sweat, so that farmers can become their tenants or employees.

At the same time, there are a few landlords in the Korean nationality.

By the late 1940s, the Korean nationality region was in the feudal landlord economic development stage, and had some capitalist economic components.

There are two kinds of tenancy relationship: "live rent" and "fixed rent".

The rent rate is 50%.

In addition, there are various kinds of super economic exploitation.

In the Republic of China, there were more than 30 taxes collected by local officials in Yanbian.

After the victory of the war of resistance against Japan in 1945, the Korean nationality area was liberated, and under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the people's democratic political power was established.

Land reform was carried out in 1946.

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since the Communist Party of China in the third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, the Korean people have undergone profound changes in all aspects, and people's lives have improved significantly.

In September 3, 1952, the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin province was established.

In 1958, Jilin Changbai Korean Autonomous County was established.

Dozens of ethnic townships have been set up by Koreans living in various places.

In order to make full use of the underground and underground resources of the Korean minority communities and develop the national economy, the industry, agriculture, pportation, post and Telecommunications undertook vigorous development in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture under the brilliant illumination of the party's national policies.

Yanbian has owned iron and steel, coal, electricity, machinery, nonferrous metals, textile, rubber, fertilizer, paper, printing, food, ceramics, pharmaceuticals and other industrial and mining enterprises. The industrial system has begun to take shape and has become one of the national special needs production bases in China.

The total industrial output value has increased year by year.

The production of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, vice and fishery is fully developed. Yanbian is the country of rice in the north of China. Its varieties are fine and the climate is good. They are actively introducing science and technology to increase rice production in successive years.

The fruit variety is complete, and the apple pear is famous for the whole country.

The yield of flue-cured tobacco is also considerable. It is one of the main flue cured tobacco producing areas in China.

Ginseng and velvet antler are also traditional products in this area.

There are railways and highways in Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture.

With the further deepening of reform and opening up, Yanbian has gained the advantage in opening up to the outside world.

The Hunchun special economic zone has been approved by the State Council.

The economic growth of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture is strong.

Culture and art

The Korean people have a long and beautiful tradition of national culture and art, especially singing and dancing. After festivals or labor, they like to express their feelings with songs and dances.

When the family is happy, they will sing and dance happily, forming an interesting "family song and dance party".

The singing and dancing, the water dance, the fan dance, the long drum dance and the farm music dance are all popular traditional singing and dancing programs.

The Korean dance is graceful and elegant, and its dancing posture is gentle and graceful, such as cranes spreading wings, such as willow branches blowing water, or hard rock falling, lively and natural, reflecting the bright, delicate, tactful, deep and deep national character.

Korean songs are characterized by melodious melody, euphemism and clarity.

The famous songs include the chorus "the song of the long white", the solo, the song of the girl, etc. the famous folk songs are "Platycodon", "ariolan" and "riverside riverside" and so on.

The sports activities of the Korean nationality also have their own characteristics.

Wrestling is their ancient sports and entertainment activities.

Playing football is a sport that men generally enjoy. From the countryside to the village, they usually have their own football teams. Students in grade four or above usually play football.

In recent years, there have been some women's football teams.

On festivals and holidays, various sports competitions centered on football are often held.

Due to the popularity of football, Yanbian has become the country famous for football.

Swinging and springboard are women's favorite entertainment and sports activities.

The Korean people paid special attention to education. As early as the beginning of 1930s, many schools were established.

There is a good tradition of "willing to bark and let children go to school".

After liberation, various local educational organizations such as "parents' meeting" and "board of directors" were set up in various localities, raising funds and materials, and setting up hundreds of primary and secondary schools.

As early as in 1949, the first national minority comprehensive university, Yanbian University, was founded in Yanji.

A dozen secondary professional schools and more than 1000 primary and secondary schools, such as Yanbian Medical College, Yanbian agricultural college, Yanbian education school, Yanbian art school and so on, were founded in succession.

Educational networks at all levels have been formed.

All kinds of colleges and universities have created high and intermediate intellectuals from generation to generation, which are spread across all fronts in the central, provincial and Korean regions.

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