What Are The Main Problems In Official Document Writing?

       對于經常與文字打交道的文秘人員而言，掌握文章寫作的一般規律，具備各種常用文體寫作的基本能力，把握公文寫作的具體細節，是我們必備的素質。下面簡單談一談公文寫作中的一些基本常識和需要注意的幾個問題。

First, make preparations.

It is difficult for a skilled woman to cook a rice without straw. Only by preparing enough documents can we write a written document in a single way, and on the contrary, we can only start from where we start. "Ten steps and nine turns around," wrote and torn and torn away. It is very difficult to write "Takaya Ken, the wind is breaking".

So, what preparations do we need to prepare for drafting official documents?

First, we must improve our ideological cultivation and knowledge reserves.

On the one hand, correct world outlook, political outlook, moral outlook, artistic view, aesthetic view, historical view, ethic view and cultural view are very important to the author's style and quality.

The ancients said, "ambition is far away."

The writer sets up a correct and lofty ideal. When writing, he can correctly express his ambition and achieve profound meaning.

On the other hand, "reading is like a book", the author only reads well, and he can understand and understand all aspects of knowledge.

At the same time, the knowledge required for official document writing requires both bloggy and specialization. If we write about economic materials, there is no basis for economic theory, we should write materials for political party building, and no political party theory is the foundation.

Therefore, we should strengthen our ideological level and cultivate our cultural and scientific knowledge in many aspects.

Two, we should grasp the leadership intention and language style.

The so-called "leadership intention" is the purpose and intention of the leader in writing a certain document.

If we do not know the intention of the leader before drafting the document, we can only be self assertive and write blindly.

Therefore, before the official document is written, we must make clear the leadership intention.

The more specific the leaders' intentions are, the better and the more thorough they are, the better.

Of course, sometimes leaders can not be so specific and thorough about leadership intentions. It depends on the degree of mastery of public officers who are concerned about the recent leaders' concerns.

With the intention of leadership, writing has the "sword of the Shang Dynasty" and knows what to write.

"Language style" is the leader's speech style and habits.

If you do not understand the language style of the leader, if the speech is written well, it will not be appreciated by the leader.

This requires the author to attend meetings, feel the atmosphere and grasp the language style of leaders through various ways.

Three, we should learn about the relevant documents and newspapers, and deeply understand the Central Committee and the higher level Party committee's directive spirit.

The guiding spirit of the Central Committee and the higher level Party committee is a guide for party and government organizations at all levels.

If you master this guide, you will be able to work in the right direction. If you leave this guide, you will lose your way and even go to the wrong way.

Only by grasping the directive spirit of the Central Committee and the higher Party committee can the officials of official documents correctly realize the Central Committee and the higher level Party committee's directive spirit in order to ensure the implementation and implementation of the guiding spirit of the Central Committee and the higher level Party committee in the locals.

Therefore, before drafting official documents, we must grasp the guiding spirit of the Central Committee and the higher level Party committee through studying, and grasp the pulse of the current era.

This is very important.

Four, we must understand the local reality.

The task of the party committees at all levels is to do well the article combining the directive spirit of the Central Committee and the higher level Party committee with the local reality.

Only when we know the local situation can we combine the above and the above, so that we can raise questions and solve problems in a targeted way.

To understand the local reality, we should read more information, go deep into it and do some investigation and research. Things are constantly developing and changing. Modernization is changing day by day. New situations, new problems and new things emerge one after another. This requires us to constantly understand the local realities and grasp new things. Otherwise, it is easy to make mistakes in copying, copying and pmitting.

This is a major taboo in official document writing.

Fifth, we must make overall plans and scientifically organize.

In case of writing big materials or rushing to and fro in provinces and cities, when a person is preparing to report materials too late, he needs more people to work together and complete together.

The practice of experience is to adopt the "unified and unified" organizational writing method, namely, studying the outline of writing together, writing separately, and preparing the final draft.

There are three problems in this method: first, scientific division of labor according to their respective strengths.

Some of the participants are familiar with industry, some are familiar with agriculture, some are familiar with foreign trade, others are familiar with stability, and so on. They should have the characteristics of paying attention to what they are good at, and who knows where they are, and which part they should write.

Two, the drafts should be written according to the outline. If there is any big change, it is necessary to get the consent of the master, so as not to walk away from the topic.

The three is to master the "four customs" when writing the main manuscript, that is, "political clearance" to see whether it is in line with the guiding spirit of the Central Committee and the higher level Party committee, whether it is in line with the party's line, principles and policies; whether "actual closing" is to see whether it is in line with the local actual situation; whether the structure is reasonable, clear, whether there is any duplication, whether the style is consistent before and after, whether the text is accurate or not, and whether it is accurate and concise.

The adjustment is adjusted, the deletion of the deletion is supplemented.

Finally, send the leader to review and finalize.

     二、謀篇布局 

The layout of the article directly affects the effect of expression. Therefore, after establishing the theme of the official document, we must plan the layout of the whole document structure around the theme, consider the organizational structure of the article and the logical connection between them, so as to make it "open and close in the first place."

(1) the basic requirements are coherent and coherent.

The so-called integrity refers to the structural layout of the article, with its head and tail, the circle of ends, and the unity of the whole text.

Between the parts and parts of the article, between fragments and fragments, the preface and the latter must be closely linked, with a consistent, rigorous and perfect structure.

The two is density and intercourse.

When we arrange the levels and paragraphs, we should match the lengths appropriately. The density should not be equal. According to the needs of the official documents, we need to have detailed and scattered details, so that the layout of the whole layout will be dense and interrelated.

In short, if we have a definite aim and a reasonable arrangement, we can make the document complex and flexible, and give people a sense of cadence and rhythm.

The three is ups and downs, twists and turns.

"It seems that the mountains do not like peace."

The layout of the article should be straight.

The ups and downs of twists and turns reflect the complexity and development of objective things, and at the same time satisfy the aesthetic requirements of readers and listeners.

However, it must be in accordance with the law. It is both unexpected and reasonable. It is appropriate to make the opening and closing, the ups and downs, the alignment, the expansion and so on.

(two) basic contents

The structure of the article includes two kinds: internal structure and external structure.

1, internal structure.

The internal structure of the article is the internal logical structure of the article's thinking.

In narrative style, it is called "clue"; in argumentative and reasoning style, it is called "thread".

Whatever style, as long as there is a consistent mentality and a coherent logic, it must have a thread of thread and thread.

Thinking is the basis of clues and threads; clues and veins are the form of thinking.

The themes, characters, things, central events and feelings of the article can be clues for clues such as necklace with necklace. The dream of Red Mansions, with love tragedies as its central clue, is invisible to the full text of characters, events and scenery, forming a rigorous artistic whole.

As Party committees, we usually deal with official documents mainly in the form of reasoning, which basically follows the thread of "asking questions, analyzing problems and solving problems". It must be rational, coherent and rigorous, that is, sorting out the sequence and expressing ideas in a coherent way; logical and consistent with people's thinking forms, making the articles fluent and coherent.

2, external structure.

The so-called external structure is the external form of the article.

Its main contents include: first, level and paragraph.

Hierarchy refers to the sequence of contents expressed in each part of the article. It focuses on the division of ideological content, and paragraphs are the basic units formed naturally in writing.

There are differences and connections between levels and paragraphs: layers focus on the division of ideological content, paragraphs focus on the needs of word expression; generally speaking, the level is greater than paragraphs, that is, a few paragraphs express a level, but sometimes the division of paragraphs coincides with the level, and the two are the same; the arrangement of the arrangement is divided into total, parallel, progressive and contrast, according to the author's thoughts or clues.

The two is pition and reference.

Transition and anaphora are important structural means to make the content coherent.

Transition plays a connecting role in the article. It makes the two levels and paragraphs coherent and coherent.

Anaphora is the echo of the content before and after the article. It can make the structure rigorous and coherent.

The three is the beginning and the end.

In ancient Chinese, "when a sentence is like a firecracker, it is easy to make a sudden noise."

Therefore, "tiger head dragon tail" is the half of the good article. Of course, how to start and end should start from the whole of the article, which is conducive to the expression of the theme and the harmony of the various parts of the full text.

At the beginning of the official document, we often use the first question: let's get straight to the point, start with a sentence, send out the meaning directly, such as "back shadow", "I have not seen each other for two years with my father, and I can never forget his back". The sentence is striking, the first sound is attractive, the sentence is beautiful, touches the center, is attractive, lets the human fall in love at first sight, such as Du Mu's "Fang Gong Fu", "Six Kings Bi, four seas one".

Shushan Wu, a room out "; put pen into the title, explain the reason, explain the reasons for the author's writing; at the beginning, say, take the full text, first reveal the center of the article, then divide it.

There are usually two ways to conclude official documents, especially leaders' speeches: wake up the main theme, end of the essay, look forward to the future, encourage fighting spirit, offer hope to people, give a call, indicate the direction, and inspire people to strive for it.

(three) how to plan the layout and train the train of thought.

Layout is the form of thinking. Therefore, we must improve our ability to plan and layout. We must conscientiously train our thinking and strengthen the logical and rational training of thinking activities.

Mao Zedong once said, "writing an article requires logic, that is, we should pay attention to the structure of the whole article and the whole speech. There must be a relationship between the beginning, the middle and the tail, so we need to have an internal connection and not to conflict with each other."

Only by carefully thinking about the content, making a plan for the layout of the article, and writing again, can we write the articles with strict structure, logic and orderliness.

Make an outline or hit the draft.

This is an important procedure for drafting official documents.

There are many advantages to writing a manuscript according to the Outline: it can help you organize materials; it can make you think more thoughtful, so as not to write and think at the same time.

The outline must be carried out on the basis of grasping the leadership intention and thoroughly understanding "two ends".

The more detailed the outline is, the better it is. Don't list the big questions, but also the small ones. Even in each small topic, you should write several meanings, and which topics should be clearly considered.

Short documents can be excluded from the outline, but the draft must be well written.

Although it is not always possible to write a draft, it is necessary to understand the manuscript.

With a good outline or good draft, the article is half done, and the draft will be handy.

     三、語言的錘煉 

Accurate, concise, clear and easy to understand is the basic requirement of official language.

Accurate.

Official documents represent the voices and opinions of the leading organs or collective leadership. They are inaccurate, ambiguous and ambiguous. The standard of enforcement is not good enough to grasp.

Simplicity.

Comrade Mao Zedong said, "the text should be brief, so that they can see it in an instant; they should be refined to make an impression."

Official documents must be short and concise. Especially leaders' speeches must pay attention to using short sentences, avoid long sentences, and do not use too many modifications.

Distinct.

Official documents should not be obscure, hidden and obscure as literary works. They should not be vague and unclear. They require clear and clear understanding. Whatever they approve or oppose, advocate or prohibit, affirm or deny anything, they must be expressed and explained very clearly, so that people can lead God to see clearly.

Easy to understand.

Official documents must be concise and easy to understand, short and lacking in meaning.

Therefore, we should not make a public comment on official documents; we must not use those words that are gorgeous and not easy to understand; we can not use the language we created by ourselves; we can not have "students' accent" or "literary cavity"; we should not speak empty Mandarin, speak more real "local dialect" and use the mass language.

Four, the details of daily official document writing should be paid attention to.

1. Title of official document writing

The title is actually the eye of official document. It is the concentrated expression of viewpoint and logical structure of official document.

According to the level of the hierarchy, the title can be divided into big headlines, small headlines, first - level headlines, two - level headlines, etc.

The establishment of the title should be concretely established in accordance with the central thought and level of the official document. The title and title of an article should be clearly defined, strictly prohibited by logic and mutual care.

The title of a document requires close attention to the meaning, meaning and meaning of a text. It should not be able to run away from the topic, cover the whole subject and cover the whole picture, but also requires concise and concise language. Some documents, such as the language of the speech, must reflect the leader's emotional color and style.

In official document writing, sometimes the content of official documents is more. People seem, sounded, and left no impression on the content. Most of the notes and impressions are the title and title of the article. Therefore, good title or group of titles can be fascinating and half done.

2, the viewpoint of official document writing.

The key to a good official document is to have new ideas and creativity, step by step, and draw a gourd to the gourd.

Therefore, the official writer of a document must learn deeply from the party and government theory and related professional knowledge at ordinary times, deeply understand the higher authorities' policies, constantly investigate and study the local realities, and combine more in-depth thinking to improve their own "Savvy".

At the same time, when writing a book, we should pay attention to work as the center and link ideas as a link. We should integrate multiple viewpoints and viewpoints.

3. Application of data and charts in official document writing

In official document writing, the application of data is a universal and recurrent thing. It is the quantification of things and plays an important role. On the one hand, it is understood from the literal meaning. "Number" and "Ji" are just as the name suggests, which are the basis of figures, and are well founded. As long as there are grounds, the facts can be understood clearly, and the data are full of information to play a role of illustration. Readers can clearly understand the development of things and make them clear from the data. On the other hand, applying data to explain the truth can make the readers feel real, and the data are all obtained through statistics and have the characteristics of authenticity.

The application of charts is relatively limited. It is limited to the "look" document and requires readers to have certain professional knowledge. However, it is more intuitive, three-dimensional and dynamic. It is suitable for reporting, signature articles and investigation reports.

The role of data and charts determines that the source, choice and application must adhere to certain standards. The following points should be paid attention to. First, the authority of the source. Generally speaking, the data should be mainly based on the Bureau of statistics, where the tax data are mainly based on the national tax and the local tax. There is no data from the statistical bureau, the departments and townships, and the departments are the main ones.

The individual is not sure, let the leader decide.

Two, data application should be unified.

The material data of different materials, such as the Party committee and the government, should be consistent.

The same material cannot be inconsistent or inconsistent.

Three, data must be scientifically analyzed.

Especially in the absence of authoritative data, it can only be applied through scientific analysis. The addition and subtraction of individual data should not exceed the sum and difference data.

Four, the application of charts must be standardized, and professional personnel can verify their correctness before they can be used.

4, data and language choices.

Trade-off in the process of revision.

For the first draft, we must revise it, carefully deliberate it, and exercise language according to the nature of the document, so as to see which materials can be removed and what must be retained. Which way of expression is more subtle and in line with the leader's language style.

For reference materials, the key is to grasp the principle of "taking advantage" and "taking advantage" as the principle to absorb the essence and remove the dross.

A simple reference is no doubt that a monochromatic garment has been patched up with a patch of flowers, though the patch is good, but it affects the overall harmony.

Therefore, we must conscientiously reform the materials we need to draw lessons from, and re process the materials quoted according to the purpose of the official documents and the logical structure of the article, combine them with the actual situation, and unify the overall logical structure and language and mood of the official documents, so as to make them seamless and add flowers to the brocade.

5, do you need to start writing without paperwork?

With the popularity of computers and the development of e-government, paperless office has become the trend of office development, but writing is still indispensable.