Investigation Report On Cotton Industry In Xinjiang In 2010

On August 23-28, the China Cotton Association sent people to Xinjiang cotton research team to investigate in Xinjiang autonomous region.

On the basis of understanding the overall situation of Xinjiang autonomous region and the production and Construction Corps, the Akesu region, Nong Yi Shi, Kashi region, the third agricultural division and Manasi eight counties in Northern Xinjiang were investigated to understand comprehensively the current cotton production, circulation and textile operation.

A number of symposiums were held. Field visits to cotton fields were heard separately from local government leaders, development and Reform Commission, agriculture, supply and marketing cooperatives, Quality Supervision Bureau, agricultural development bank, cotton processing and circulation enterprises, textile enterprises and cotton farmers.

The report on the survey is as follows:

Year 2009

In 2009,

In order to organize and arrange cotton production in all parts of Xinjiang, we adhere to the aim of "stabilizing area, increasing yield per unit area, increasing total production, improving quality and increasing efficiency". Taking the high yield and good quality as the main direction, the comprehensive cotton production capacity and unit production level have been greatly improved.

The figures released by the government are: in 2009, the cotton planting area in the whole area was 21 million 140 thousand mu, and the total output was 2 million 520 thousand tons, which decreased by 15.5% and 16.4% respectively compared with 2008. In 2009, the Corps area was 7 million 320 thousand mu and the output was 1 million 130 thousand tons, 13.4% and 13.6% lower than that in 2008.

In 2008, the area of cotton planting in the whole region dropped by 6.3% on the basis of 2007.

Judging from the trend of the past 3 years in the past 2007-2009 years, although the gap between supply and demand of cotton in China is gradually increasing, Xinjiang, as the largest cotton producing area in the country, shows a certain atrophy in cotton production.

In 2009, the average seed cotton purchase price in the region was 6.7 yuan / kg.

In 2009, what was the actual cotton output in Xinjiang? According to the figures released by the railway department, as of August 20th, 3 million 130 thousand tons of cotton were pported (500 thousand tons more than the previous year), excluding the amount of pport reserve cotton, imported cotton and short linen, and the amount of cotton used in the territory. The output of cotton in Xinjiang was initially estimated at 3 million 70 thousand tons.

For this figure, the departments and enterprises attending the forum are relatively recognized.

Cotton production and marketing forecast in two and 2010

The overall situation of cotton production in Xinjiang in 2010: the area rose slightly, the earlier stage of the disaster was heavier, the maturity period was postponed, the output increased over the previous year, and the price was running at a high level.

In 2010, the state continued to implement the full coverage policy of fine varieties subsidies, and the subsidy funds were put in place ahead of schedule. In addition, the cotton farmers' enthusiasm for cotton growing has been rebounded due to the comprehensive factors such as the good market condition of the cotton market and the stable operation of agricultural prices.

According to statistics from the agricultural sector of the autonomous region, the cotton planting area in 2010 was increased by 21 million 980 thousand mu, an increase of 840 thousand mu over the previous year, an increase of 3.97%. Among them, the local cotton sown area was 14 million 169 thousand and 200 mu, an increase of 1 million 24 thousand and 100 mu compared with the previous year. The increase was mainly in the southern Xinjiang area; the Corps sowed an area of 7 million 13 thousand mu, representing a decrease of 305 thousand mu over the previous year.

Affected by weather factors, the picking period in the northern Xinjiang region was delayed about 20 days compared with that of last year, and the southern Xinjiang area was postponed for about 10 days than in previous years.

Up to now, cotton is growing well, and there are no larger pests and diseases in the whole part of Xinjiang. But the number of peach and peach is low, and autumn peach is normal.

The government expects cotton production in the region to reach 2 million 600 thousand tons, up 3.17% over the same period last year.

But according to last year's actual output (3 million 70 thousand tons) and the increase in the area and the current cotton growth situation, if the weather is normal in September, the research group predicts that the output of cotton in Xinjiang will be 3 million 100 thousand tons this year.

In the survey, most cotton parties believed that the cotton price in the new year would show a trend of high operation, and the "low cotton price era" might never return.

The cost of cotton production in Xinjiang increased significantly this year. According to the statistics of the autonomous region development and Reform Commission, the average cost of cotton per mu was 1294.94 yuan, an increase of 100.94 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 8.41%, of which the production cost was 1027.19 yuan, an increase of 91.15 yuan over the previous year and an increase of 9.74%.

由于付出了高昂的生產(chǎn)成本，棉農(nóng)也了解當(dāng)前棉價行情較好，也會比照相對合理的糧棉比價關(guān)系，他們對棉價的期望值較高，北疆地區(qū)棉農(nóng)對籽棉收購預(yù)期價8元/公斤，南疆地區(qū)棉農(nóng)預(yù)期為7.5元/公斤，吐魯番地區(qū)已經(jīng)零星收購的價格在7.8-8元/公斤;收購加工企業(yè)對新棉收購抱有相對樂觀態(tài)度，在上年度豐厚的經(jīng)營利潤趨動下，大多在積極備戰(zhàn)今年的收購市場，他們認(rèn)為新疆籽棉收購價格會在8元/公斤左右，他們同時也對高價位下蘊含的市場風(fēng)險表示一定的擔(dān)憂，特別是在新疆當(dāng)?shù)刈赓U加工廠的內(nèi)地棉花企業(yè)，他們是為了掌握一定數(shù)量的棉花資源，高位收購是不得已而為之的辦法;紡織企業(yè)認(rèn)為新年度皮棉銷售價格難以下行，8月中下旬棉紗價格比7月份每噸下降了1000元左右，原料價格的堅挺和產(chǎn)品價格的回落正逐漸壓薄紡織的利潤空間，后市如何還難以定論。

In August 27th, the autonomous region government convened the relevant departments to agree that the acquisition price of Xinjiang cotton was 14000 yuan / ton this year, and the price of seed cotton was 6.54 yuan / kg.

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Three. Current textile production in Xinjiang

In recent years, the scale of production capacity of Xinjiang cotton spinning industry has been expanded orderly, and the total economic volume has been increasing. In 2009, 89 cotton textile enterprises above Designated Size had the production capacity of 4 million ring spinning, 93 thousand and 400 rotor spinning and 8233 looms, with an annual output of 410 thousand tons of yarn.

It is estimated that by the end of 2010, the scale of cotton spinning will reach 450-480 million ingot spinning, 105 thousand rotor spinning and 8900 looms.

In the 1-6 month of 2010, the cotton textile enterprises above Designated Size produced 187 thousand and 400 tons of cotton yarn, an increase of 16% over the same period last year, and the production of cotton cloth 43 million 300 thousand meters, a decrease of 27.6% over the same period last year. The main business income was 3 billion 540 million yuan, an increase of 34% over the same period last year, and the industrial added value was 738 million yuan, an increase of 48.1% over the same period.

Compared with the same period losses in 2009, profits and losses of the whole industry reached a profit, but still 41% of SMEs were in a state of loss.

In 1-6 months, the cotton production volume of cotton textile enterprises above designated size was 206 thousand and 200 tons, and the amount of spinning cotton was about 231 thousand tons.

Due to the impact of high cotton prices and uncertain market factors in the current stage, the production of Xinjiang's cotton spinning enterprises will continue to grow in the second half of the year, but the growth rate will drop somewhat, and the economic benefits will be narrowed and the market risk will be greater.

If the growth rate is maintained for the first half of the year, cotton production will reach 430 thousand tons and 480 thousand tons of cotton per year.

The autonomous region government put forward the "12th Five-Year" textile industry development plan, and will build two major textile industrial cities in Akesu and Shihezi, and the total textile scale in the whole region will reach 10 million spindles.

But at present, the main problems encountered by enterprises are: insufficient employment, low efficiency, the main selling of products to the mainland, and aggravating pportation shortage. These problems will restrict the development of Xinjiang's textile industry.

At present, there are still some deficiencies in the use of cotton in some local enterprises (13 enterprises are reporting the sale of national cotton reserves and the demand is 35 thousand tons).

Four, cotton quality inspection system reform

Since the implementation of the cotton quality inspection system reform system, the relevant departments of the autonomous region have been coordinating with each other, cotton processing enterprises have been actively involved, the cotton processing equipment renovation and pformation work has been carried out on schedule, and the construction of the public inspection laboratory has been steadily advancing, and the qualification accreditation work is progressing smoothly.

On the whole, the reform of quality inspection in Xinjiang is faster and the work is at the forefront of the whole country.

Since 2005, the relevant departments of the Xinjiang autonomous region and the corps have been guided by the principle of "overall planning, step by step implementation, control of scale and adjustment of layout" to guide the cotton processing enterprises in the territory to carry out equipment upgrading.

In 2005-2009, a total of 519 production lines, 180 production lines and 299 production lines were completed in 526 local production lines, which completed 98.7% and 83% of the planning respectively.

In addition, the processing enterprises included in the technical pformation plan in 2010 are expected to complete the reform and planning tasks.

In 2005-2009, the professional fiber inspection institutions in the autonomous region built and changed (expanded) 20 cotton notarization laboratories in 20 cotton producing counties (cities), equipped with 163 sets of HVI rapid testing instruments, and the notarization capacity reached 2 million 770 thousand tons.

As of July 15, 2010, a total of 663 cotton processing enterprises in the region processed large cotton bags in accordance with the requirements of the new system and carried out the notarization of instruments, and the public inspection of cotton was 1 million 818 thousand tons, accounting for 59.3% of the actual output of cotton in the autonomous region, accounting for 71.2% of the total public inspection volume.

Among them: 485 local enterprises take part in the public inspection, the public inspection of cotton is 1 million 223 thousand tons; the Corps 178 enterprises participate in the public inspection, and the public inspection cotton is 598 thousand tons.

The accreditation work is progressing smoothly.

The autonomous region development and Reform Commission, together with the relevant departments, has formulated the implementation rules for cotton processing qualification and market management in autonomous regions and the plan for the qualification of cotton processing qualification in the autonomous region, and has drawn up a progress schedule for materials declaration, on-site verification, autonomous region sampling inspection, approval, publicity, certification and so on, so as to ensure the successful implementation of the qualification accreditation work. It is expected that the work can be completed in the whole region in September.

Five, several prominent problems and policy recommendations in Xinjiang

(1) the strategic positioning of cotton in Xinjiang.

Faced with the strong demand of cotton in China and the severe situation of cotton production in Xinjiang in recent years, it is necessary for the state to have a clear positioning for the development strategy of Xinjiang cotton.

The central Xinjiang forum held in May made a strategic plan for promoting the leaping development and long-term stability of Xinjiang. It recommended that the state take Xinjiang as a national commodity cotton production base, taking into account the special geographical position of Xinjiang and the stability of the border areas, giving Xinjiang grain and cotton equal policies to stabilize and restore the cotton planting area in the Xinjiang Yi cotton area, and continuously improve cotton production and quality.

(two) inadequate railway pport capacity.

In 2010, Xinjiang cotton pport situation is still not optimistic. At present, the construction of the South Xinjiang Railway double track is under construction. The main cotton producing areas in southern Akesu and Kashi are pported to Korla, Dahe and Northern Xinjiang by way of highways.

Therefore, it is suggested that the Ministry of Railways coordinate with the Ukrainian iron and steel Bureau of Xinjiang to plan ahead, make overall arrangements for pport capacity in the whole year, increase the intensity of emptying cars to Xinjiang, and ensure the timely delivery of Xinjiang cotton to the mainland, so as to prevent the fluctuation of the cotton market in the past year.

(three) cotton and yarn freight allowance.

The state finance has subsidized 400 yuan per ton of cotton and cotton yarn from the Xinjiang Railway, which has strengthened the market competitiveness of Xinjiang's cotton raw materials, and has played a positive role in promoting the development of the cotton industry. However, the subsidy policy is about to expire (cotton subsidy as at the end of August 2011, the cotton yarn subsidy is at the end of December 2010).

In the survey, relevant departments and cotton related enterprises unanimously appealed that the state should extend the years of subsidies for cotton and cotton yarn freight and establish a long-term mechanism.

In addition, the pport of cotton by road pport in Xinjiang should also enjoy freight subsidy (specific operation can be done by cotton yarn) to ease the pressure on railway pportation.

The subsidy standard will be raised from the current 400 yuan per ton to 600-800 yuan. At the same time, the subsidy standard should be adjusted according to the difference between the southern and Northern Xinjiang.

(four) the issue of loans from the agricultural development bank.

The cotton purchase fund of the autonomous region mainly relies on the loans from the agricultural development bank. It is suggested that the Agricultural Development Bank expand credit support areas and increase financial support for Xinjiang's cotton enterprises on the basis of ensuring effective control and prevention of risks.

(five) supporting policy issues related to quality inspection system reform.

First, some local enterprises have reflected that after the end of the pition period of the quality inspection system reform, whether the large package enterprises that have not been included in the national planning can obtain the processing qualification, and how the small package enterprises should exit the mechanism should be clarified by the relevant state departments.

Two, the new cotton quality inspection system reform involves only fine cotton. Xinjiang is the only production base of long staple cotton in China. It is particularly urgent to improve the quality inspection level of long staple cotton. The Corps has already completed 30 of the long staple cotton production lines, and recommended that the state incorporate the inspection of long staple cotton into the public inspection system.

Three, although the public inspection rate of cotton in Xinjiang is higher than that of other cotton areas, the momentum of enterprise self-examination has risen. The number of cotton public inspection in the 2009 year of the Corps decreased by 41.7%, and the public inspection rate in Bachu County accounted for only 20%. These conditions indicate that the enthusiasm of enterprises to participate in notarial inspection needs to be improved in the case of better market conditions.

It is suggested that the state continue to study and introduce relevant supporting policies to promote the implementation of instrumented notarization.

The four is to consider the development advantages of Xinjiang's cotton industry and to fill the blanks of remote cotton areas and the needs of processing long staple cotton.

The five is cotton packing materials.

The Urumqi Railway Administration has expressly stopped pporting the bales of iron wire from the new year. However, at present, the manufacturers of plastic steel strip in Xinjiang are in good mix. It is suggested that the China Cotton Association processing branch take the lead in testing and evaluating the products of the packaging materials manufacturers currently in the market, and publicize the test results in time.

(six) machine picking cotton problem.

In order to solve the problem of picking up labor shortages and increasing the cost of picking up flowers (which now occupy 1/3 of production costs), Xinjiang, especially the northern Xinjiang, has speeded up the development speed of machine picked cotton, not only from the beginning of this year, but also from the Corps.

It is suggested that the state subsidize the purchase of cotton picker and the machine processing cotton production line, so as to promote the cotton growers to expand the area of machine picked cotton, reduce the cost, ease the difficulties of picking up flower workers and increasing the price.