Introduction To Basic Knowledge Of Clothing Four Required: Fabric Knowledge

Seventh quarter Fabric knowledge

Clothing is made up of three elements: style, color and material. Material is the most basic element. Clothing materials refer to all materials that make up garments, which can be divided into clothing materials and garment accessories. Here, mainly to introduce some knowledge of clothing materials.

First, the concept of clothing fabric: refers to the embodiment. clothing Material of main characteristics.

Two, commonly used clothing Fabric

(1) cotton fabric: fabric made of cotton yarn or cotton and synthetic cotton blended yarn. It has good breathability, good moisture absorption and comfortable clothing, and is a practical and popular fabric. It can be divided into two categories: pure cotton products and cotton blending.

(two) linen fabric: pure hemp fabric made of hemp fiber and hemp fabric blended with other fibers, collectively referred to as linen fabric. The common characteristics of hemp fabrics are tough, tough, tough, cool, comfortable and hygroscopic. They are ideal summer clothing fabrics, and hemp fabrics can be divided into two categories: pure spinning and blending.

(three) silk fabric: it is a high-grade variety in the product. It mainly refers to fabrics made of mulberry silk, tussah silk, rayon and synthetic filament. It is thin, light, soft, slippery and elegant. gorgeous The advantages of comfort.

(four) wool fabric: it is made of wool, rabbit hair, camel hair and wool type chemical fiber as the main raw material. It is usually made of wool. It is a high-grade fabric for all the year round. It has the advantages of good elasticity, wrinkle resistant, durable, wearable, strong thermal insulation, comfortable and beautiful, pure color and so on. It is well received by consumers.

(five) purified fiber fabric: chemical fiber fabric is loved by people because of its high fastness, good elasticity, durable, wearable, washable and easy storage. The purified fabric is made of pure chemical fiber. Its properties are determined by the characteristics of its chemical fibers. Chemical fibers can be processed to a certain length according to different needs, and woven into silk like, Imitation cotton, linen, elastic wool like, medium length wool like fabrics according to different processes.

(six) others Clothing fabric
1, knitted fabric: it is made up of one or more yarns that are continuously twisted along a zonal or warp direction, and are interwoven with each other.
2, fur: English pelliccia, leather with hair, commonly used for winter cold boots, shoes, shoe or shoe decoration.
3. Leather: all kinds of tanned animal skins. The purpose of tanning is to prevent skin deterioration. The skins of some small animals, reptiles, fish and birds are called Skin in English. In Italy or some other countries, "Pelle" and its approval words are often used to represent this type of leather.
4, new fabrics and special fabrics: batik, tie dye, space cotton and so on.
 

Three. Identification of commonly used clothing fabrics

(1) perception method
1, pure cotton cloth: soft sheen luster, soft handle, poor elasticity and easy wrinkle. When you press the cloth tightly with your hands, you can see that the wrinkles are obvious, and the creases are not easy to restore. From the edges of the selvage, a few warps and weft yarns were opened, and the length of the fibers varied.
2, viscose cloth (including artificial cotton, rich fiber cloth): fabric gloss soft and bright, bright colors, smooth and smooth, soft handle, poor elasticity. When you press the cloth tightly with your hands, you can see the obvious creases, and the creases are not easy to restore.
3, polyester cotton cloth: gloss is more bright than pure cotton cloth, cloth surface is neat, clean without head or impurities. The handle is smooth, crisp and elastic, better than pure cotton cloth. After the hand is pressed tightly, the cloth is released, the crease is not obvious, and it is easy to restore the original state.
4. Pure wool worsted fabric: the surface of the fabric is smooth and clean, and its texture is fine and clear. The luster is soft and natural, and its color is pure. Soft and elastic. Knead tightly with your hands, the creases are not obvious, and can quickly restore the original state. Most of them are double strands.
5, pure wool woolen wool: it is plump and dense. The surface has fine fuzz, and the texture is not revealed. The handle is warm, plump and elastic. The yarn is mostly coarse yarn.
6, wool polyester blended woolen fabric: appearance with pure wool fabric style. Fabric texture is clear. It is smooth and smooth, and feels less soft and stiffer than pure wool fabric. Its elasticity is more than that of wool and wool. After kneading tightly with your hands, the creases are quickly restored.
7. Woolen blended worsted: mostly worsted. Mao Ganqiang has a woolen style and a warm feeling. Elasticity is not as good as wool and polyester.
8. Woolen nylon blended fabric: it has a smooth surface, a strong sense of wool, a waxy appearance and a stiff feel. After squeezed by hand, the hand is released and has obvious creases, which can restore the original state slowly.
9, real silk: silk surface is smooth and clean, gloss is soft, the color is bright and pure. The handle is smooth, soft, light and elegant. In dry condition, feel the handle on the silk surface, and there is a "Silk sound" when tearing.
10, viscose silk fabric (silk): silk is bright but not soft, bright, smooth, soft and draping, but not as light and elegant as silk. After kneading silk, the hands are loosened and creased, and the recovery is slow. Hoarseness when torn. It is easy to break through wet weft and water.

(two) combustion identification method

A list of characteristics of several commonly used fibers during combustion:

cotton
Near the flame, do not shrink or melt. Contact with flame, burn quickly, flame orange, blue smoke. Leave the flame and continue to burn. Burning paper has little odor and is linear. Soft gray, pale gray, touch easily into powder.
 

hemp
On the same hand, ashes are few, light gray or gray, and touch can be easily powdered.
 

silk
Close to the flame, shrink and melt. Contact with flame and slow combustion. Leave the flame and extinguish itself. The flame is orange and very small. Black or brown beads that burn feathers or hairs and touch easily into powder.

hair
Near the flame, curly and not molten. Contact with flames, smoke and burn, there are bubbles. Leave the flame and continue to burn. Sometimes they extinguish themselves and the flame is orange. Burning feathers or burning hairs to form more ashes, forming luster shaped black blocks that touch easily into a gray shape.

Viscose
Near the flame, burning quickly, orange flame burning paper, less ash, dark grey or light grey.

Polyester fiber
Near the flame, shrink first and then melt. Contact flame, melt and burn. Leave the flame and continue to burn. The flame is yellow, white and bright, with black smoke at the top. Special aromatic, dark brown amorphous block or small ball, crushed with fingers.