In The Era Of Low Cost, The Textile Industry Calls For A Raw Material Revolution.

Editor's note

Not long ago, " The 12th Five-Year The plan outlines China's blueprint for development in the next five years, and also points out the direction for the development of China's manufacturing industry.

　　 One

Dilemma: a hero can't beat a ruler

The era of low raw material prices is gone forever, raw material constraints. textile industry sound development

March is the traditional peak season for textile industry. However, in March of this year, China's textile industry showed signs of "bad season".

"Now is the exchange of futures and spot prices, global market price linkage, international market The soaring price of raw materials has a great impact on China's textile industry. " In March, "China International Textile yarn (Chun Xia) Exhibition" in 2011, Chen Gang, manager of the international business center of Ruyi group Chongqing Three Gorges technology Textile Co., Ltd. admitted that this year, due to the restriction of raw material prices, the middle and low-grade enterprises were afraid to place orders or only lower the list. Orders for enterprises are only received in May. "Much worse than before."

The problem of rising prices of raw materials that plagued the development of the industry in 2010 has not yet been alleviated. According to the China Textile Industry Association data, in February this year, China's 328 grade cotton price was 29795 yuan / ton, an increase of 99.9% over the same period last year. The average price of PET staple is 14996 yuan / ton, up 43.25% compared to the same period last year. In addition, affected by the snow disaster in Australia, cashmere as a raw material for wool spinning is also rising, especially the price of high-grade cashmere has more than doubled.

The increase of raw materials has aggravated the difficulty of large enterprises. China's textile industry has huge capacity, but its bargaining power is low. While raw materials are running at a high level, the price of upstream products has plunged sharply. For example, the price of 40 pure cotton yarn can be sold to 45 thousand yuan in February this year, but it dropped to 37 thousand yuan in late March. "Before February, cotton yarn will not be sold out. But it's not ready now. " Yue Changfeng, the business manager of Shandong Baoding Textile Co., Ltd., said that since March, customer orders have been gradually reduced. At present, there are more short lists, smaller orders and smaller orders. "Rising prices are difficult for downstream fabrics and garment manufacturers to accept. If you do not raise your price, you will be under too much pressure. Dilemma. "

The price rise of raw materials has also affected the survival of small and medium-sized enterprises. At the yarn exhibition, a small business manager who came to investigate prices sighed, "now the Japanese earthquake and the Middle East are unstable, and the international market orders have shrunk. But the price of raw materials is still rising. Now is the more production, the more money loss, small businesses have to temporarily suspend work. It's a piece of cloth to defeat a hero. "

There are indications that raw materials have become an important constraint on the development of the textile industry at present. Sun Huaibin, director of the China Textile Economic Research Center, said that the main textile materials such as cotton have continued to rise and even fluctuated violently, sending strong signals to the industry. The era of low raw material prices is gone forever, and the Chinese textile industry calls for a raw material revolution.

　　 Two

Breakthrough: research and development of new fiber materials

To solve the problem of the upgrading of manufacturing industry from the source, and to promote the rapid rise of strategic emerging industries

The reasons for the rise in prices of raw materials are complex and diverse. However, China's textile industry has a weak bearing on the price rise of raw materials, but it points to the point that the raw material structure of the textile industry is unreasonable, the technology level is low, the ability to resist risks is weak, and the profitability is poor.

In response to this problem, the 12th Five-Year plan outlines the industrialization and application of hi-tech fibers and new generation functional and differential fibers. Support the recycling of waste textiles. Solve the problem of industrial upgrading from the source.

Industrial upgrading and energy resources are constraints. It is urgent to develop alternative fibers with high added value and recycle waste fibers. "Saving natural fiber means saving land, saving chemical fiber means saving oil. Land and petroleum resources are the two most important resource constraints in China's economic and social development. In the case of limited space for development of traditional fiber resources, we must speed up in the field of alternative fiber. Sun Huaibin said that adding new fiber with high added value, promoting renewable biomass fiber and recycling waste textiles are all developing new fiber raw material resources. "Not only in species but also in structure, reducing the constraints of raw materials on the development of the industry."

Industrial upgrading, market demand is the direction. Research and development of high technology, high profit margins of high-tech fibers, seize the new growth point of domestic and foreign markets, time will not wait for me. The functional and differential fiber mentioned in the plan mainly refers to the new biomass fiber, which has the functions of perspiration, flame-retardant, deodorant and health care. Its application scope is mainly in the field of clothing and home textiles. With the upgrading of textiles, this has become the highlight of expanding domestic demand in the industry.

Although functional products account for only about 35% of the total products of the enterprise, profits account for 65% to 70% of the total profits. Its high profit rate has changed the previous growth mode of heavy quantity and light quality and efficiency, and enhanced the ability of enterprises to resist risks. The national functional differentiation fiber development base and the chairman and senior economist of Taicang Jinhui chemical fiber industry Co., Ltd., Hui Hui, said that domestic demand of functional fiber has been increasing year by year, and the profit share of functional fiber will also increase in this year when the environment of textile industry becomes colder.

The promotion of industrialization and application of high-tech fibers and new generation of functional and differential fibers is also a need to accelerate the upgrading of other traditional manufacturing industries and promote the rapid rise of strategic emerging industries. High and new technology fiber mainly refers to high-performance fibers, high strength, impact resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and related to national defense construction and national economic development. As far as surgical tools are concerned, large aircraft shells, high-tech fibers are the most urgent and demanding raw materials in the field of major equipment manufacturing in China. The thin film to the water supply layer is thick enough to penetrate the walls of ammunition. Hi-tech fiber is also an important raw material foundation for supporting the national high-tech industry.

　　 Three

Short board: basic research is weak and industrialization is lagging behind.

New fiber research and development require huge technical and economic input, which discourages many investors.

In fact, during the "11th Five-Year" period, China has made significant breakthroughs in the field of high-tech fibers and the new generation of functional and differentiated fibers. At present, carbon fiber, high strength and high modulus aramid fiber 1414, biodegradable poly (lactic acid) fiber have been developed from pilot to industrialized production stage. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (HMW), hollow fiber membrane technology, bamboo pulp and hemp pulp have been developed from industrialization to industrialization.

However, the development and application of new fibers still face many shortcomings.

First, the capability of independent research and development is relatively low, and the research foundation is weak. Hi-tech fiber and functional fiber are the crystallization of high and new technology in many fields and disciplines. However, China started late in this field, and there is a fault between basic research and industrialization. For example, carbon fiber, which is thinner than hair and has only 1/5 weight of steel, is the basic material in the fields of aviation, national defense, transportation and so on. The domestic demand is nearly 10000 tons, but at present most of them are processed by raw materials.

Secondly, the manufacturing equipment is backward and the supporting research and development is insufficient. The industrialization of hi-tech fiber is not only complicated in technology but also demanding in production conditions, and domestic equipment, materials, instruments and automatic control systems are hard to solve in China. Such as the production of carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace, and 1800 degrees Celsius level high-temperature carbonization furnace can not be produced domestically, foreign restrictions on China's exports. In other words, to produce high-tech fibers, we must first have the equipment made of high-tech fiber materials, and the technical blockade abroad can be described as "can not buy, do not get".

Thirdly, the process is complex and the industrialization is lagging behind. The new fiber has long research and development cycle, strong competitors, huge technical and economic risks, which discourages many investors. "The difficulty of carbon fiber production is not only theoretical, but also in production. The carbon fiber we are producing now is mainly due to too long process lines and too complex control process. Zhang Guoliang, chairman of Lianyungang Eagle swim Textile Machinery Co., Ltd. said that the diameter of carbon fiber is only 7 microns, but it must walk 600 meters on the more than 1400 degree high temperature production line. "Go out, it is carbon fiber, can not go out, it is nothing, the technical difficulty is very high, the cost is also big."

Finally, the market is still in the nurturing stage, with high concern and low acceptance, so it is difficult for enterprises to form economies of scale and lack of R & D investment. "Many domestic customers mistakenly believe that chemical fiber is inferior. In some domestic ordering meetings, there are more consultation and fewer orders for functional fibers. It can be seen that it will take some time to cultivate the market. Talk about Hui.

　 Four

Important task: perfecting industrial innovation system

Industry development requires combination of industry, education and research, and the combination of upstream and downstream industries can not be separated from the standardization and guidance of policies.

In view of the short board of R & D and industrialization of new fibers, the textile industry association put forward clear objectives in the 12th Five-Year outline of scientific and technological progress to break through major technological difficulties and promote industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. The foundation of this goal is to perfect the innovation system.

Perfecting the innovation system depends on the combination of production, teaching and research. "National scientific research institutes have made basic research on carbon fibers for more than 30 years, and have achieved great results. And the pace of industrialization and scale must be carried out by enterprises and must go fast. " Zhang Guoliang introduced that at present, Lianyungang Eagle travel textile machinery is the only carbon fiber production line approved by the state level in China, behind which is 10 years of industrialization R & D investment.

A sound innovation system depends on the combination of upstream and downstream industries. Every link of the industrial chain is the upstream market, and every link of the industrial chain is inseparable from manufacturing equipment. Only downstream support, equipment matching, upstream has the power and possibility of research and development. Yue Changfeng introduced that because of the fast growth of the market and the high profit of products, in recent years, compared with natural fibers, the price of functional fibers such as modal, Tencel and so on fluctuated little. In line with this trend, Shandong Baoding joint upstream and downstream enterprises have developed a super cotton yarn. "This kind of substitution fiber and ordinary cotton yarn touch and function are almost two, but the raw material cost of downstream enterprises is 30% lower. The enterprises involved in R & D are very excited and think that joint tackling is too far off."

Perfecting the innovation system is inseparable from the standardization and guidance of policies. Price is the first threshold for new fibers to freeze. Even from the waste recycling fiber, because of the reduction reprocessing mode, the production process is twice as expensive as the traditional raw fiber, and the price is naturally more expensive. To popularize these high-tech fibers, we need policy guidance.

First, we must set standards to expand market size and reduce production costs. "The popularization and popularization of functional and differentiated fibers abroad mainly rely on mandatory standards." Speaking of Hui, the United States emphasizes the use of permanent flame retardant fibers for all baby garments. Japan will also implement new standards from 2012 to require permanent flame retardant fibers for household textiles. The implementation of these standards not only safeguarded the interests of consumers, but also greatly accelerated the promotion of functional fibers. "Most of the so-called flame retardant textiles in China are realized through finishing, rather than from flame retarding and washing. This makes consumers misunderstand the reliability of functional textiles, which is not conducive to cultivating the market. "

The two is financial and tax leaning, through the government preferential policies, guide consumption. "The new fiber produced from waste materials is actually contributing to the society's energy conservation and emission reduction, and there should be a corresponding tax preference." Tan said that the government should give financial support to major technology projects and introduce policies to attract social funds and support industrial development through taxation and other levers.

Sun Huaibin believes that the four sentences put forward in the 12th Five-Year plan on the key development directions of the textile industry are intrinsically linked. "Promoting the industrialization and application of new and high technology fibers and new generation functional and differential fibers" is to solve the problem of raw materials; "speed up the development of industrial textiles", pointing out where the raw materials market is; "promoting the autonomy of high-end textile machinery and accessories", answering the question of production matching and manufacturing bottlenecks; and "supporting the recycling role of waste textiles" to answer how to ensure low carbon and sustainable industry. "In fact, the guiding policy has already begun to emerge. Social capital and textile enterprises should smell new opportunities for development."

　　 link

The outline of the 12th Five-Year development plan clearly points out the key development directions of nine manufacturing industries, such as equipment manufacturing, shipbuilding, automobile, iron and steel, nonferrous metals, building materials, petrochemical industry, light industry and textile industry.

Among them, the key direction of textile industry development is to promote the industrialization and application of high-tech fibers and new generation functional and differential fibers. Accelerate the development of industrial textiles. To promote the autonomy of high-end textile machinery and accessories. Support the recycling of waste textiles.